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HomeMy WebLinkAboutStewart Park Historic Designation f V 1 (-_ k ;.,4.;: rim r !b $ 4 PREFACE ,.. ;i2. -. tx = ! •In documenting the works of Clinton L. Vivian, two j• i; yA�/ 7 : n`6, - :primary means have been employed. The more obvious means has been :extant drawings by his office, but perhaps the more *: important means has been contemporary published accounts. Unfortunately, there are a small number of works listed in = this catalogue where the documentation is not clear, and for : these works, a note to supplement the documentation will . occur. .. _ .y_ Since Vivian' s office records have not survived intact, known extant drawings and other documents are dispersed in a ° -_ number of locations. At present, the Department of Manu- • scripts and University Archives of the Cornell University Libraries has the largest number of drawings , which are in turn dispersed among three separate collections: Collection No. 3280, Clinton Loop Vivian papers; Collection No. 1380, ^- Bryant Fleming Architectural Drawings; and Collection No. 43/2/552, Buildings and Properties drawings. The original . , floor plans for the South Hill School and a set of blue-line ,---- -,--prints for the 1916 addition are in the possession of the • °:;.Ithaca City School District. A significant number of blue- line prints and specifications relating to various projects :done for the City of Ithaca can be found via the files of the -842- i -843- N City Engineer;1 at present, the full extent of available docu- ments is not known but, based on what has already been discovered as of September 1983, the City of Ithaca would seem to have the largest collection of Vivian documents, excepting perhaps Cornell University. The remainder of the documents are in the possession of the current owners of the various houses which Vivian designed. Insofar as possible, all extant drawings have been photographed, with the negatives being in the collection of the author. Although drawings and other contract documents are the preferred means for documenting works by Vivian, far less than half of the known works are so documented. Most of Vivian' s works are documented by way of contemporary published accounts in local newspapers and periodicals. These sources include the Ithaca Daily Journal, Cornell Daily Sun, Cornell Alumni News, Ithaca Daily News, Ithaca Morning Herald, and The Ithaca Democrat. For reasons already discussed in the text of the thesis, the Ithaca Daily Journal has been the most useful source, at least until 1911; however, the Cornell Daily Sun and Cornell Alumni News have been useful in reference to Cornell related projects. The remaining sources have been 1The Office of the City Engineer of Ithaca has an exten- sive index card file for documents pertaining to work per- formed for the City covering most of the twentieth century, though it may not be complete. When a consultant (for example, an architect like Vivian, a landscape architect, a civil engineer, and so forth) produced documents for the City, the occurence is usually noted. Andrea J. Lazarski of the Plan- ning and Community Development Department has been of great benefit in identifying and locating documents by Vivian in this very valuable collection. r -844- used primarily as only supplements to the first three listed sources. • Other sources which have been used are local histories, like Henry Edward Abt' s Ithaca of 1926, and the personal • reminiscences of townspeople like Helen Garrett Sigler or Edith Horton.2 One of the more interesting documents regard- ing Vivian's career that surfaced during my research is the following : C. L. Vivian: Projects attributed and constructed Residential: • • Ithaca, Elmer H. Wanzer Residence, Cayuga Heights M. L. (Dorothy) Barstow Residence, Cayuga Heights V. A. Davenport House , Lewis St. Roger B. Williams Residence, N. Cayuga St. Charles E. Cornell Residence, Stewart Ave. J. W. Hook Residence, S. Plain St. George Walters Residence Church: Ithaca, First Methodist Episcopal Parsonage Commercial: Ithaca, Atwater Grocery, W. State St. [sic] Trumansburg, Biggs Hardware Interlake, Bank (for J. H. Wheeler) [sic] I Hotel: Ithaca, Clinton House, renovation, 1901 School: Ithaca, Fall Creek School Boynton Jr. High University: Ithaca, Cornell University, Bailey Hall (supervising ) Agronomy (supervising) !; Poultry (supervising) Animal Husbandry (supervising ) i� 2The personal reminiscence of Edith Horton is reproduced as the opening quotation for the Introduction. • • • -874- 1893-94 The Cascadilla -"School` boat/club house—extant/altered f;I Stewart Park, Ithaca, New York' 11 ; contractor: Stephen M. Oltz (1894) ;, • CASCADILLA BOAT HOUSE. A Crew for Our Most Important Preparatory School. Rowing is considered to be the foremost branch of athletics in the University and it is eminently desirable that men have some knowledge of handling an oar before entering. This will be made possible by the movement now on foot by which the two most important preparatory schools of the University; the Ithaca High School and the Cascadilla School, will have crews. i Our own coach, Mr. Courtney will train them, so the knowledge obtained will be of direct assistance to them in getting a seat in the Varsity boat. • j The Cascadilla crew is now an assured thing and the next move is to build a boat house. Professor Wait, the director of the school, owns a large plot of land at the mouth of Fall Creek, which would make an excellent location, easy of access in as much as the street railway will be extended down that way next season. The plans have already been drawn. The proposed building will be a two story oblong ,structure " surrounded by wide verandas, the monotony of the .,roof being broken by several small towers. The dimensions will be one • hundred by eighty feet. • On the first floor will be a boat room, baths , and, lockers for t, forty students. On the second floor will be an assembly room _ ` which may be used for banquets and receptions. The ' architect 's plans call for $4000 and subscriptions are now being circulated among the students and alumni of the school , • to raise the sum. Cornell Daily Sun, 24 November 1893 , page 1. WORK SLACKING UP. Contractor Oltz was asked today [about] the outlook for continuance of work for the artisans of the city. He said : ,! "I don't know how it is with others but the prospect for me . and my men does not extend beyond the middle of October unless • something unexpected develops. We shall have the Cascadilla -J Club house roofed and enclosed next week. Early in October the floors will all be laid and work ended there for this year. There are fifteen or twenty carpenters now at work there. I have a small force doing some painting on the plant in the Gorge. I fear the season will end abruptly and -875- '24;i:7 prematurely with us." •Ithaca Daily Journal, 22 September 1894, page 3. CASCADILLA CLUB AND BOATHOUSE. A Handsome Building at the Mouth of Fall Creek. Last evening a reporter called at the house of Professor Parsell to obtain a description of the new club house erected for the students of Cascadilla school. The building . is two stories high, 117 feet in length and its greatest width is 80 • feet. _ It is irregular in outline, there being a round tower on the northwest orner where Fall Creek joins the lake, while . on- the east end is an octagonal :,tower projecting well out from the . line of the building. The roof is curved to give it a. " pagoda-like effect. •Encircling the structure on the second story is . a piazza eight feet 'in 'width, furnishing fine views of the lake and the surrounding country.` The first floor is given up to what 'is termed '"the boat room," a large locker room and a bathing ; apartment. On the second floor is .the reception parlor, a ., committee room and dressing rooms, also the janitor's room. Surmounting the main building, a story above, is a well ; appointed observatory. Vivian & Gibb, of Ithaca, were the architects and the cost thus far, in getting the boat under cover and putting in some partitions , has been $5000. There will be considerable more expense in finishing up the interior. In regard to Cascadilla aquatics the Professor said that the prospect was bright for the crews. Four of last year' s men ` are back. He called attention to the unusual fact that the Aquatic Association was a regularly incorporated body under the laws of New York State and that with the base ball, tennis and field and track athletic associations , it formed the Cascadilla Council similar in function to that of the Univer- sity. It may be of interest to state that the 13 _acres belonging to .' the School are soon to be laid out as a park and athletic grounds for the use of students. :' Surely with such a beautiful and commodious boathouse, and . under the guidance of a trainer like Courtney, Cascadilla should turn out some winning crews, while with the enjoyment of all these advantages the prospective Cornellians should find abundant opportunities to develope [sic] their athletic talent. Cornell Daily Sun, 2 October 1894, page 1. -876- A pretty picture, from the lake, is the Cascadilla School boat # ; and club house. Small wonders Cunning artists devised it; skilled hands reared it and it is said to represent $5,000 as it now is ,--not yet complete. With its shower baths and other details supplied it is believed that $8,000 will be near the cost. "City Chat," Ithaca Daily Journal, 25 April 1895, page 3. Proposed Boat House, Cascadilla School, Ithaca, N. Y. [presentation drawing of exterior] published : "Cascadilla ' s New Boat House, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 20 January 1894, page 3. "The Cascadilla Crew," Cornell Daily Sun , 16 June 1894, page 7. • • .E's::::.n.::::,,i0Altogitivjwii::::,..,.,.-.•-•,...- . . ,.--_,,:-.!!::::.,-,1):::-..:::::::::::::,;:i:Ri:.:::::::::::::::::::::i--:-:-..;--,--.1ii-f:...f:-.-i--.,-„-_.:-..-.....,. .- • ::.:,-ii:'..i:V.:::::::1:11511:1-iiii:101:::::::::E.•:::::::-.11.:----:-.-•:.-. . !-.,::::-PREii;',.:',i.-:!',RE:T_.'..: E ...:.•-..r . --- -..-.::Slif,.:::::3:•:-.2,,It-,-:Em::::::,.,-.-..-..---;---.F-:.::::,-..-. . -.'.1.-5.:-.....',:-J;;:;::,:':- .;-•;...--:::;:'--::1'.-:-E.-'--E--------------:--- ' ..- . ..„,...„,......-..::..,..„..„-.. . :.„:„.....................,,,.........„...:::::-..:-..... - •-•---• --••••-•• - • ..-,..,...s:.....: ...-..--..:-. ..... ---1:10.4:::::::::F!!qi-l..:.i'.:::?..::::-..':::-----::::::-:---:.---:--..:•-----.----1-------- . --...3;i4:4--;:::-.-...-------.--„----:.:-::::'-„,:-.--.::::-.--...::.......:::::--,.. .1 • ..-, ...,. . . 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Vivian and Gibb, Cascadil].a School boat house / Ithaca, New York, 1893-91+, presentation drawing of exterior gk• (Cornell Daily Sun , 16 June 1894) . -,..,.....::A.:.:..: . ........ ••2:..*:- •:,. -,.,•:,,.-:-..-.--- - .---Iiit-----„-,--__-_-: - • .-_ 4V-.------...--.--.-:--: ' • ' s -878- }-: O UU 1894 Cayuga Lake Electric Railway Company (Herman Bergholtz) restaurant pavilion—extant • kitchen addition to restaurant pavilion—extant • dance pavilion—exists/altered water tower—destroyed/storm (1955) • colonnade—project band stand ("pagoda")—destroyed concession stand ("tea house")—extant/altered • covered trolley stop—project ?boat houses—destroyed ?bath house—destroyed Stewart (Renwick) Park, Ithaca, New York landscape architect: William Webster, Rochester contractor: Stephen M. Oltz (1894-95) . RAILWAY EXTENSION. Electrics to Percy Field. A New Park. Ever since the street railroad system of this city passed into the hands of the- present managers , no effort has been spared to make it second to none in efficiency and in meeting the demands of its patrons. Manager Bergholtz announces that work on the park at the head of the lake has been commenced and is being pushed rapidly 'forward. The park is to be at the terminus of the line and -is fitted ' up from the land owned by the Company at this hart of the:lake shore. :: The park will comprise about sixty acres with a lake `front: of- fifteen hundred feet. In the center of the park a lagoon is to be made which will be a source of pleasure in the, summer, and which can be used for skating. in winter. A system of electric lights will be put up throughout the park. The electrics are to be run right in upon the grounds. In addition to the lagoon a pavilion and a boat house are to be constructed. The boat house will be able to store two hundred boats. A dock will be built in connec- tion with the boat house just' at the edge of the park, and will . be the. landing place of both the new and old lines of lake"steamers."; Along . the lake front a bulkhead is to be built , to protect the shore, _ park, _and boat house landings. The grading of the road to the park will be finished to-day. By the seventh of June the company will be able to carry people down to the new terminus. The length of the extension is from a mile and a quarter to a mile and a half. It will pass straight on from Tioga street across the creek, by. the company' s own bridge, and touch at the west side of Percy Field. A pate will be opened up on that side so that the athletes can catch a car directly from the field. G . -879- is _T 4 .:-=t7..=_ _ past. W4 shall: also -finish up -the water- tower; 'but the pert-• style or connecting court will- this - year' fail for lack of time. " "The Renwick Tract," Ithaca Daily Journal, 27 April 1895, page i The dancing-pavilion at Renwick was opened last evening . The Ithaca Band discoursed excellent music and a goodly company enjoyed "tripping the light fantastic toe" until a late hour. The crowd of onlookers was large. • "City Chat," Ithaca Daily Journal, 20 July 1895, pave 3. The lumber for the water tower, which is to be heavily timbered, and for the house for the Cornell boat launch has been ordered. A car load of each is expected to arrive today. "Renwickiana," Ithaca Daily Journal, 7 August 1894, page 3. The carpenters at work on narrow scaffolding adjusting the roof cornice to the tall water tower are compelled to govern every movement with exceeding caution. A half day' s accom- plishment on terra firma is counted equivalent to a good day's work up so near the clouds. "Park Pickings," Ithaca Daily Journal, 24 July 1895, page 3. The pole upon the Renwick water tower makes silent, eloquent appeal to appreciative Ithacans for a large and handsome flag. "City Chat," Ithaca Daily Journal, 26 August 1895, nage 3. A TREELESS LAWN. "Mr. Webster has directed all trees and shrubs to be removed from that portion lying west of the dancing pavilion. He says there must be there a treeless lawn, with tennis courts and croquet fields. He says that trees over abundant become so j common as to lose their beauty. That sunshine .and shadow may 1 be too finely interlaced. That is a professional vagery, , perhaps; but he is our doctor and we must take down the,— trees. But there stand two or three beauties which it has taken a long time to grow and I shall beg hard that they be 1 spared." /I "The Renwick Tract , " Ithaca Daily Journal, 27 April 1895, page 3• - -880- The extension will certainly be of great convenience to students of the University as well as to towns people and rt pleasure seekers generally. Cornell Daily Sun, 4 May 1894, page 1. a` A handsome series of designs for the proposed buildings at Renwick Park have been prepared and submitted to the manage- _- went, upon its order, by Messrs. Vivian & Gibb. * * * ',City Chat," Ithaca Daily Journal, 11 May 1894, page 3. The pavilion, for which the foundation piers are now being laid, is promised to be roofed by the 26th instant by Builder Oltz. "City Chat," Ithaca Daily Journal, 14 June 1894, page 3. The frame of the main pavilion at Renwick Park has been • erected and the roof is being shingled . "City Chat," Ithaca Daily Journal, 23 June 1894, page 3. Renwick was crowded as usual nearly all day yesterday. "City Chat, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 16 July 1894, page 3. A large annex ,to be used as a kitchen is being attached to the south side of the_ main pavilion. The original kitchen was decided to be too small. "Renwick Remarks, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 17 July 1894, page 3. The restaurant pavilion is completed. "Renwick Notes ," Ithaca Daily Journal, 2 August 1894, page 3. Work on the dancing pavilion at Renwick has been begun. "City Chat," Ithaca Daily Journal, 26 July 1894, page 3. • • "* * * We are at once to proceed to cover those piles at the east of the pier with a model boat house. That dancing pavilion is this spring to_ber. made,.,,the__counterpart ,of the restaurant.pavilion._..,_.R.It;is ?fOx7O :and wrillfindthatKthe weather"has .not' damaged`<the foiled-floorduring`.....the_winter • -881- Contractor Oltz assures us that the band stand at Renwick Park will be finished in time for concert use on Memorial Day. He is working only 18 or 20 men at present; but upon the arrival next week of the lumber ordered he will double his force and push the completion of Ethel water tower and dancing pavilion and begin both the Jarvis and Park boat house. * * * • "Pick-Ups ," Ithaca Daily Journal, 27 May 1895, page 3. A white oak counter top, requiring a day or two's work, is delaying completion of the "tea-house" or soda water pavilion. "Renwickiana," Ithaca Daily Journal, 7 August 1894, page 3. The Renwick pier boat house is completed and floats placed . A bath house at the west side of the pier is to be provided . "City Chat," Ithaca Daily Journal, 9 August 1895, page 3. The colonnade to connect the pavilions may not be built this summer. "Renwick Beach Spray," Ithaca Daily Journal, 8 June 1897, page 3. • untitled [group of drawings] group includes: Lake Front [north elevation] of Main Pavilions Plan published: Ithaca Daily Journal, 3 August 1895, page 3. • • Y f� �� : -832 ire - , -q 1 :; ( • yr f Ze '�7r• i' i� Y r. ;. � ��,.„0, '. ..... .E.,-„,• a%...;•> .,:„�.-ww, o+ "y.- mac.. r ' w+^'” p £: f'. y Q �� Wn1.M,�p4,,,, S..,. 'Y'.. y.. fl.»wk +:S a oi> s „. +«s.,. ,,°A«,,,,, ... ...a ro b '4 $�. said. , :. .. t •Y$ L ' , . ��3, a v s ,y yyA1°!p'°a a j0 'Y 's- x ,O'ya s.°'6KS., „,„ v. . '�.n}� Y"j hC.Y tdCM t _ • .+h?4 7.,wA.�_�: •'' '4•• M..: � . -• � ;s w !"�r g» wp7�;:::G'F• L t�_ r M . i�2 N £ s Z rk »h "r `��i�T M?�� �` u :.as3` .t' 1 x<•; ^F'' '' ,,,,y+4, t:-W ,M ,•:. , y:W 1...-:`,.. -t A-11. Vivian and Gibb, restaurant pavilion, Berwick Park, Ithaca, New York, 1894, west facade (Author, 1981 ) .•• ,;�,•1,i c f� till. Yi . -g �,�� , , �Yfi€. , hE .r a f _ , ,,,. . fr; '''''. '. r , . '. r. t: ig.l. , . ',1 .. 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K y4 •,” .e �9 it "�; , ''',0^.„',!`'.'"! .:.; w W y, 'Gy, ?.M" t 15; V * * . :,+� N *, 7L1„T� s t�;yy,;ysa �' * � . ;;. . s ...r%."7, '. � ..L? }Y - t 'ii y am'cr;f �ry ., iK.1 .+ t , r� ! .• su R� � t„ "`a , " .%x:�,,. .,s .a �° F R:., yy t,e, .'°Y i r41,, „rf. ,¢ tt „.*•1 ”•. ° .z,,.. a< ac *' ,' r 'x'4' ' r` �"�° " 'fit'.l v-`*. w�a& � ...; : sn � •'3L+f rF e . s,i si '+v ' ..,4..a. 0 v.:,eL 1I S; s3a ..0 a -3 '''--- `." �`.Mb 47,-,---e --=.�A.-4,4 ry gr 3, 'e't : am • a rra `s ,: .." ,- �w^ t r Pl LO r°Pk , !. iFs '' e Sa .,,,,c ,i ,t �: , 'ir.- dT A7:�P.'1 ":Ye.� "e ? �' - "f " : , s a :< vsajJ� 7t f'sfr 'J 1.ia Z Y"4. . y . . h s�a� s:. i c2 ¢ �'•, _ g ,., -r B-m . A-12. Vivian and Gibb, dance pavilion, Renwick P rk, Ithaca, New York, 189+-95, exterior view from northwest (Author, 1981) . 1 ..:::...0. ••••;;;;;7:','f:15::::•...;.!••••::-;•:.•;::::':':.'.:- . -883- . . ":7.-. : 1 F r r . * 1 } zt t .� '�`.°4 «Yid.. aa,♦ ,.fa rIl'. �" �5T5�: y r ''YL „k sad. l fjQ„ ` .,, y��er d�°k„. . i k 1 'g';`. ,,,,.• r ,rte 4 ��p; ,var �;,wga r. :• �'r�.,,ee, 3a,.,..,.:, „riatia-v::...,.; t.�i . ! fir. %'. f �f:f -,.- . 5 7: .w fI:yam'. " S'r � yye��ar^y6Yr`rS�.. to " rb «Tf ata S t cw i . ° " "t '� 41 y r` r ' tiSl' 4 i . % . s x.°' s .V ♦*# �" >^+ j4a7' . A �5, ? . , a♦J,y � , a ° '�'o r(°14 !vas '� ro : 9 i.3' 54.,,...4" .i' ��'y ,ems`°" c. z. w '_ � 1 !."C__ typ ,� 3n,t � "rtDT..s.x: `44ssaw . Sf ;i �4i!b( kr N� 7♦R l ^f.x z+1.3� s r i Y �Y'°a �4k si S YLbM�� l r- .I"+°Firr a . n ay''KLti,4+ r 6k ,�.,; � �-° i-.r+ i.ft ' f' "' J.k xbRx F ^_7^ 7r 3 S'e bJP -�, '%f y 7"; iT 1 ?'' .d .E� w«ra. i .-i 1-.,4� r ,.K �,?. �" .i �"♦ ;+" sw r •A-13. Vivian and Gitzb, conessi on stand , Renwick Park, Ithaca, New York, 1892+, exterior view from southwest ( uth.or, 1981) . r F X -884- 1894 Hannah M. Dana (Mrs. A. B. Dana) rental? triplex--project 113 (15) East Buffalo Street, Ithaca, New York Vivian & Gibb have made plans for a three story flat to be built (for ] Mrs. A. B. Dana on her lot east of the Dudgeon property on Buffalo street and facing DeWitt Park. Work on the building is to be commenced at once. "City Chat," Ithaca Daily Journal, 12 June 1894, page 3. ■ ..... ., • ,_,.. • * I. .. -4:...4.00!,, 1. ,-,-,-,n..-- ,.. ...':,.; /- ,'.,.' ',.‘' ' • .-\ - • 1 ••••••• 4*.1 • ". illoi •,,,,_ ..4•04,"',,..ht,'.:A'1'4 Y,f, - ,-.::,‘. - ' t ":"1, t...f,,..,,,62'•1%3 ... , z ' •"' : \ . 4 ik.\......S.,)•••••"*"."_. I t••, '' • -te:'''''t'..‘' . ..{.; '..q....." ..R. . k. . 4 4 t 1,ii., , .■,et:C1.,4:44,7;f.,.,,, . ,' / . „ .,......v‘v ., , .5...,,: •0„).•,;,-.4.,.1' ••■ 1 • . ,..\ • . ,•• \ = , It.. • ,4-••• , s ... -.1 •• ' '-''', '' i.. ,4.1 li.N.,'t 4-A.' ' • '.. .4 , .,41.,,,, 4.44q. '104,- t`.. . #' -,. . •. . .. 1 .5'4"'!•14.; . \ ' . 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Lu-I.B9 r-ia3- go.-c•0- ,-t, ..- ,..- ,....‘ ..- -,,..,,,„f„.?..,4,,...4 -r.31 i. ••.-4,14-1. . ,I,S' '••• :; - • C.11.16113 'tk.....9u) , ...... ,-.. - -‘1.vkl- .2,11 an \c-, 1P09\3-TnaIl j 1, 9 • 1e Da'i-1- k-, el-e.la : _ a, CHAPTER 3 74 PUBLIC PLACES AND INSTITUTIONS "Whatever the Americans are proud of—whatever they consider to be peculiarly good, useful, brilliant or characteristic of themselves or their climate—they Ykt designate, half in jest, though scarcely half in earnest, as an 'institution. ' Thus the memory of . George Washington—or 'Saint ' Washington, as he ;z. might be called, considering the homage paid to him ' �- —is an institution . . . 'sweet potatoes ' are an institution and pumpkin (or punkin) pie is an insti- `" tution; canvasback ducks are an institution; squash is an institution; and the firemen of New York, a ;_ . great institution."—Charles Mackay (1857)1 may , When this thesis was first being organized, preparat_ry to the actual writing , what is now essentially the first -lf of the present chapter was envisioned as a separate chant=_r entitled "For The Crews And Other Institutions". At the time, one member of the special committee for the thesis questioned the applicability of the term "institution" to the Cornell University and Cascadilla School rowing crews, not to mention the Renwick Park amusement facility. In the literal interpre- rF tation of the term, neither Renwick Park nor the two school crews were institutions. In contemrorary American usage, as the opening quotation indicates, they most certainly were. The point of the above is not to validate my initial Idea 1As quoted in Rebecca Zurier, The American Firehouse: An Architectural and Social History (New York, N. Y. : Abbeville Press, Inc.) , 1982, pages 11+-15. _231+• t -_' -235- organizing the thesis since that is now mute due to subse- quent reorganization. The point is that in the late nine- ., " ^ teenth and early twentieth centuries rowing as a collegiate sport was as much an institution as football is today, and F: during its first decade or so of operation,Renwick Park was .P; I so much the object of pride by local residents as to be virtually an institution.' In public places In 1893 and-1894, unrelated decisions by. the Cascadilla School and the Cayuga Lake Electric- Railway Company would �y result in the development of a.ma j or public place whose impor-ee 1' older DeWitt Park, at the tance to Ithaca rivals the much o ).eart of the city, and for a time surpassed it. This new place is now known as Stewart Park. V ; During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, • :t.4 1, t the premier collegiate athletic sport was rowing, and Cornell r'niversity under the coaching leadership of Charles E. ,c rtney was one of the dominant powers in American rowing. 'e importance of rowing at Cornell was made evident by the ,rection in 1890 of a new boat house (Figure 3-1) , designed by R les F. Osborr ,2 and in 1899 of a house at 218 Eddy Street r Coach Courtney (Figures 3-2 and A-41) , designed by Vivian • J• Gibb, both of which were paid for by the Cornell Univer- `7 y"Athletic Association. 9'The Cascadilla School was founded in the 1870s as a ;?Ithaca Daily Journal, 5 May 1890, page 3. < :� y -236- R A yo- ...01121211-11.221111k � �,'L3� cif " V• -144"'/i2: -237- private preparatory school by Lucien A. Wait. Since Wait was also a Professor of Mathematics at Cornell University, the emphasis of the Cascadilla School was in preparing students to enter Cornell. As the popularity of rowing and its importance to students at Cornell increased, it became an adjunct to the Cascadilla School's curriculum. Consequently, when the school began an ambitious expansion program of its facilities, the fledgling Cascadilla crew was high on the priorities list. In 1888, the Cascadilla School commissioned W. H. Miller to design a new school building and, apparently in the following year, a new dormitory building.3 The school building (Figure 3-3), now known as Wait Hall, was completed in 1890, and when its third story was intact, its external appearance was that of a more modest version of Miller 's Richardsonian Romanesque Barnes Hall of 1887. The dormitory building (Figure 3-4) , known as Upper House, was not begun until 1895 with completion occurring in 1896 and was far less of an aesthetic success than Wait Hall. Before the Upper House was built, approximately 20 acres of land were bought along the southern shore of Cayuga Lake where Fall Creek drains into it. Initially, the land was to be used for skating in the winter and swimming at other times, but by 1893, plans were underway to erect a boat house on the property. 3Geoffrey M. Gyrisco, A Guide to the Works of William Henry Miller, Ithaca 's Architect ([Ithaca, N. Y.?]: Author) , 1978 (Revised Edition), 'pages 4-5. -238— .. y ' -^♦... L s r E 4• . �` "g •s tw` s E c... :k f f ,,.F c , -, X •f_,*y'. . y - r�v q -,..k. � s N W} S tet, �, `• aat{ `n . . Jt�"k � d a p . > r y ur > 3iAW rFy zi .,.asy . } r Fb q r^ s i rfi sk ,i #FYt 1z t` ,r #v , a' - �� L .2 °i y I . b us i"'r' 3I s 4 r _t om 'i.l w,:Y;° .0.'� +a Z^'VSaNX iyPNO!s �„��� � &1yp. CY •F - t f t ff»h^� v a t�hi,`s s f ;1a$4. i`; i��i s.Sy`L1Kti��tt ��ri.^ 4 i 4 7 - 4.4? • . . i' 1 a�.gx 0 r .A si R r ,i, m 4 Z � $ .,R � x.,,� 'SK b r w dNk a: 4 »1 > . �� ,�yI C Y /''S%Si,.i �• sx G i,s b A L 1 a w�▪ 9W f r � S ✓;k i � G '^ � *4. ft. .•..°C n r".". r v • � s y It z 3 K a dM"'fi▪ E L._" v ▪ � .� ak a: '3"3 � , � �y 4 S1 i' . J ▪ ! y x s X v.,• R S I .....,-.;..f.... Y `r ; R ,, t,''';:-. ' i !Q' � - < rt'• S x l-' wq r �1 1_, • tA . ,r� £ -z.`3,- r : �" ^ i 0 r ,. Y a j 'y �.( } > � f J fa}t; a� '.:i-4.;,,,' '''''... s r ...::44..., t x . . 7� 4 Y 9r f 6 .. >s*':a. sg c va .�• r)7,.'. t i - !-.1'...r." fbs > #r< tifi.7":" Drq �'v `1� =3 a '.:•�F ' a +;;;!".....:. a: g ty . • vSar "� <��T!1� s fir. �.�° i. t L4'{.%; .3.t , �.. ..� t flr i!.h �;k �J ` ' . K-9� • '-K:;<' R$ lY4ki 1� "f+., `-"'.: w ',-> •'c r y� '4' x.3 5. .t ` c �}d ,.ts 4 s•"4j.;f?„5•C. ao .s>:` . ! .w ^, +s` ..roC. � a s• • N W°k?r`�'aewir:•f.±a.a.r,+.x<,m wsx",s �.e..�a"��a �e <;n a�f af, w�f �..•��°:w.e+k � �d5ri.'.<„, - S b.y s,_an,."F" tee^'..�-, ,�:s,<..� .. .. .., ,.- r �� �a�. 3-3• William H. Miller, Wait Hall, Cascadilla School, Ithaca, flew York, 1$8$-90 exterior view from northwest (Miller, Ithaca, N. Y. , 191). • r,. .•r r . .‹::::: : , ,,.........4.,....,,,..,,, 44 %,,,...,...... . T;1a • i • ,... -.„-",I.. ;',2`..: .. '., ..-e iii .,. . , , .A,..., -\.----,,,,1:74." - N.,41:,1:4;fir'''',- ' ''', .��` ]tai .a 44441.46'""*",' ^ Y Ii f y, Fs^t} : ?; €< i F '.i I<aj ;s' �'n` ,i..,%.,,` ",1 ;f'F t. E A ; t, has ,..t,.,,,,,?,,-4 �€ � ib z � h e � f�° t ��}r+ . , t t '3,e �fi y .Yi,. ,„,,,,,,..11.2„, w,ek` " x aid-e. '" < 3i 't t ,' i \ '.�t ,• � t'il '.' 1iiIt s¢ ' ., AX � x, _ t ci.: \ a Y X04, #.. ama,• I r� v K '� ty' r :, .. +7-4;-.1'1''''----'^ ,< t i. .'',„$ t y t..:$.. .` ,, ,..° �' 'r. • ,� r t bL.aa" l�. s • ?.. p el fir.L.i.,- Y:., 4 . f,w.er,7pt ii-,:44` V t5 a„7Mw ek±M'y.,• Upper 3-�+. W. H. Miller, House, Cascadilla School., Ithaca, Pyew York, 1889-96, destroyed, exterior view from southeast (Griffis, Art Works of Tompkins County, 1896 ) . -239- In_planning the newboat house, ,-Vivian and Gibb inspected "` rowing= facilities _in., New_York `city, Philadelphia, and -other`- order to familiarize` themselves witYi contemporary state-of-the-art design in .collegiate-boat- houses: i R. -2 .0- 4 N 1.t.:, �^ z `'"h'4sa1$a%,"°�sSe'� •. a i' S`"� w�ss £ g" t,'i` , 1� tik 4 � ' 'ffi 1,-- ',,..,:i.,k8„�c3. b R' ,..,'',4 `a ,: ,g 9�^✓7'' ,-v ''° .1 �' <4e +�yx. n 'mss .rres � s4s ,..2,i;,�y u k �k 9s,^ 7"� s\ d P' W a' ` " ,-,i&F `, •a& '?¢'„ �` �. 3H.'` "k3' ,,"." A.'rF�^rs�" � ja ` � sm S�R _,.��5 ' ,ty k,fy r; , i '' 4p(,,,,i ..„„z �a ' qCL u i,JC S� � ffi' k � ... , ,�,,,.51i 1�'..."xv„4. R h....'1',..‘''' A rte -"-", " ,',�-& {,;r • '' r ,` f;{x R y+ I ".� X'• ' 3 .a°'., ,� •'' gs, " fir �rgs� ",4, i< ^y s"ri c'�.a ,�^ e . " °'° 'z a+q 't r��; r}, ,�� r''"F hz 3 .5 'y < '''. : +om aL tR"s S ��s r � t `'�S' e � '�'�..b.5a�y�����5�"f9gQ ,,,;.,,,:-..:,,,,4,>„,i, ,i '� 5 A .M I �. 5, X.. ass ,x,X,41. .„:,,,s F a , `�� , Y� ,,,,,,A.,- >„1 s #.s ; York r sa, f` y.t t----4,,, s1r - " a . �:".2,,,,i`4.. y: ' ,,te a `s ;tip, f s' try ' r , i� eY, am' • !...f u,I 1 , , ' .-',,=...,„:„,,..4....t.,44.4......2,,,T.,,,,0 , rLz 4 tog .4.S�b«8,4,A� ,.. .� I ;it.. . 3-5- Vivian and Gibb, Cascadilla School boat house, Ithaca, New York, 1893-9k, exterior view from northwest (Some Sur,pestions About Ithaca, 1896 ) . . fit l am, .�� -1 ,a' .� � y',1�; ' fr 1 r"J . ,, I . - . -.,,,,,-!:,-,11',°'". ;,•,,,,t,,TE''''',4:,'''''''it 1Wir411Q Ilb s*4 . 'op' --lh' ....I 4 2 , *,,,. ,.,s ,..rtitfr,,Or :1,,r?rvied;;', ,.,,,, ,14411/0f,,,./.,,,,- 4z..1.0:14„,0 ,.<:','• "„eirsazioddilrillh::, se ,i ',,t,. t'' *TAT . '^.�'r. ,L2•4,",, ,, fin- ( 4 1, ,€r .1,:. f`.,,, ? ,.1.4' � � ', ' a >~ � r � rr r , Fes} 'V a �-( } #''TsT 4'4' Qk 4 F ; lit if -< ,lv .G t 7 r I ;,mss S px" V i^ >, �� l~ :. G�3' :' rte£ ,,y, y ` 1 ^ 3-6. Cascadilla School boat house, Ithacl , exterior view from northwest (Author, 19£1), • 241- building ;a.distinctly,horizontal;emphasis..; The building was Lt sheathed almost entirely with shingles giving it a marvelous' continuity of form. x ` With its minimal decorative detail and expansive shingled walls and roofs, the Cascadilla School boat house was 'once Ithaca's most notable contribution to the Shingle Style. " It ? also continued the noteworthy tradition of waterside architec- ture illustrated by the Narragansett Casino of 1883 (Figure 3-7) by McKim, Mead and White at Narragansett, Rhode Island,6 Charles J. Osborn residence of 1883 (Figure 3-8) by McKim, Mead and White at Mamaroneck, . New York,7 : the summer residence of ca. 1885 by William Ralph Emerson at Bar Harbor; Maine, - and "Indian Spring" of 1889 by Richard Morris Hunt at Newport, Rhode Island.9 Unfortunately, the Cascadilla School boat house has lost its northwest corner tower, most of its second- story veranda (what remains is now propped up by wooden uprights, ironically similar to ones shown in the architects ' presentation drawing; see Figure A-10) , and the wood shingles of the roof. The roof now has shingles of asphalt composition, 6A Monograph of the Works of McKim, Mead and White (New York, N. Y. : The Architectural Book Publishing Company) , [1915-20] , Volume I, plate 5. 7Works of McKim, Mead and White, Volume I, plates 12-13. 8Vincent J. Scully, Jr. , The Shingle Style and the Stick Style: Architectural Theory and Design from Downing to the Origins of Wright (New Haven, Conn. : Yale University Press), 1972 (Revised Edition) , figure 84. 9Paul R. Baker, Richard Morris Hunt (Cambridge, Mass. : The MIT Press) , 1980, pages 340-341. "Indian Spring" was the Joseph R. Buck residence. -242- a7 A• K D K' Y e 5 Sk c wv A�`YRr^MYY' C`i s zv�"fs����- ,- " ¢ v s :: Y � .z`g>. a1 �' '�„ �" v x :a x mkt s,r "'�, b gm� E v' 6�� � .., � � Z_x ; �y x �.,�5 ' � s. 34F ba R E a t svr< '"dY ,�',.� Fxa ? ,fr >Y ^ `+� t 1� a ' �� r .LAS `'x:' P z,. �` :: a,b 3 ri ,,;$� - �4,+ .9^ 3 6 Ftl ge4' 't5„�K� �v�(' y 6. tai ,:::$ r-`' f� I $$:ir z ilF^•!!�'.[: Y }. =. o?k 4 w - Y ,'�E _. f Ea {T1) EEt 1 ��)ff f j;�"' �r ¢G x-.X. s,,, 3 i f jf i a.� V Arb'vYf P Y_ $pe'� ,.sw� fi xis y'C.TI+�t R �_. <t , �Wtf) w. .. j--; �gy' i,—.`t K Y M 3+ ^3Ygz., k.N fi� "R. as d .v Rf ,xS �'n �.u�f'�� f`..�'� �, a. 7 r kd 9Y L a.'.I B �S� 'Q: ' 3-7. McKim, Mead and White, Narragansett Casino, iarraansett, shade Island, 1£383-$6, partially destroyed, •exterior view from south (Sheldon, Artistic Country-Seats, 1886} . moo 3 �zsR '�X:A " 'a. 't a. 6 +tz. �u�° 7 ,„c^ �� 4,R >� ax y '`"zRt it a ,a.:.£ K' c'd'" t�3 .,.' a '�Y� "}z' ;oa SYhf. T 4i^'> >R a3, 1 3c t .. _ ''e. .X ` ¢PZ r3 @fi oY.W: (yB ry .:•,..-` dy 5. 4 � .,. 4 -a': K' "� 1^ ai off'tp' K g■ t'.. ' �` ,tv a .� -,,r,lc, `• _ _ .a. ..s'sy ,w '(u.. ,.aw.. �.-,'a.r .,r.r' ;yd aa, a`g; �r"♦sa"5: g x'N - "`.. ' '«C./W ,.1�1�'�r4e ' � ' � rae` . :,:' ' .a'a.'T°"`'b.("`a.. 3 R s{. ». + '°7-.. t`�+y,ywo. `°s' arts 7-, "Ey+h::?..,::.:;..77.. .....P.'.10./.1V$ _,,,,,�o 'X �t ... '� '„� ".nfS- ±- po' '. '�'n'tas.� ` ..:7....'''.. 7'''''-'7,'-'7"7-----e>aa. .p ,w n ... ,.s :k elw.. •r x R. „z. a..,>-: ,a. x ,,^-^•^, otxz ,: �c"y”" ;:: .. .esh .t¢..�'°k' .... s�., .y,„k"'' ^,rt.., .`..7" c '»4 '.��y. .eex.e� �t:'..Rtb.� y�S-ec�^. Lw .s>%, � z. '7 raa; t ..' ."' ''.a �i+cyl 7'..„yy's»r° _:?s - ,; # ,yy wa» Yr° '"'°Et e'4 au¢ ; { V N ,a. ar.t3,. xa,r.«:' a:E ,A Ywes.:.aot^ * '' xasi;�, °'-° 2"'�''?...._ o3,v. T?Ywr,.�..').+4u.M,xebc: ..:,"a*x.,..aGc:ss v 3-°. McKim, Head and White, Charles S. Osborn resi.- dente, t�ariaronec' , New `fork, 1£x$3-:35, partially destroyed, exterior view (Sheldon, Artistic Country-aeats , 18$6 ) . -243- 3 44 much to the detriment of the remaining octagonal tower. All 3 of which leaves the building a mere vestige of its former !-mf glory (Figure 3-6) . is The boat house was' purchased by -the City of Ithaca in 1 AL 1923 and was incorporated into ..-StewartPark.' It is currently used for storage and as the lodge for the caretaker of the park. The remainder of Stewart Park was originally developed as a trolley amusement park, and its history began in the early 1880s. On 29 November 1884, George W. Apgar, Alonzo Chase, George B. Davis, John H. Selkreg , DeForest Van Vleet, Otis E. Wood, and S. S. Howe incorporated the Ithaca Street Railway Company with a capitalization of $25,000 and with Wood as president and Chase as secretary. Little, however, was accom- plished in establishing an operational street railway until 1886 when the Haines Brothers of New York city entered the situation and obtained franchises to build in various right- of-ways. On 27 December 1887, Ithaca became only the third city in New York state with an operating electric railway system which extended from the Lehigh Valley Railroad station to the intersection of East State and North Aurora Streets.10 Despite the promise that was achieved in getting the system started, the street railway operated haphazardly under 10Richard D. Kerr, The Ithaca Street Railway (Forty Fort, Penn. : Harold E. Cox) , 1972, pages 5-7. Binghamton inaugu- rated the first street railway system in the state on 31 May 1887; the second was the Jamaica and Brooklyn Road Company' s railway inaugurated on 17 December 1887. -244- the management of the Haines Brothers due to mechanical diffi- culties. The mechanical difficulties were not overcome until new management appeared in 1890 in the form of Horace E. Hand, Judge Alfred Hand, and Herman Bergholtz of Scranton, Pennsyl- vania, plus A. L. Robertson of Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania. ri =` ''' `= This group of men had the technical expertise and the finan- cial resources to embark on an ambitious and successful expan- sion of the existing system and to upgrade the equipment to assure dependable service. On 4 December 1891, a new fran- chise was obtained to connect with the East Hill depot of the Lehigh Valley Railroad and with the Cornell University campus from the existing State Street line. ' franchise was also obtained for a line along North Tioga Street to Railroad Avenue (now Lincoln Avenue) . In addition, the new management bought the Brush-Swan Electric Light Company, which originally had been incorporated in 1884 to provide street light service in the city, to furnish the necessary electrical power and expanded its generating capacity accordingly.11 On 31 March 1894, Horace E. Hand and Herman Bergholtz, the latter having removed to Ithaca by this time, obtained title from James Renwick of New York city to most of the 640- acre Renwick Tract north of Fall Creek with plans for the eventual development of a trolley amusement park, a new cemetery, and a new residential suburb, the latter like Hand 's successful development of the Elmsford suburb outside of 11Kerr, Ithaca Street Railway, 1972, pages 8-1.1. -245- :' Scranton.12 Although the development of the residential suburbs of Cornell Heights and Cayuga Heights did not occur until later and by other people, the extension of the North Tioga Street railway line to the lake, contemplated in late 1893,�3 did proceed in 1894 as- well as the development of the • amusement park. ' To this end, the Cayuga Lake Electric Railway Company was incorporated on 14 February 1894 with a capital- ization of $75,000; Herman Bergholtz was made president of the new company and William Hand the secretary-treasurer. This new company was created in order to allow for the anticipated • summer only operation of the line to Cayuga Lake outside the city limits , but the company was solidly under the control of a the Ithaca Street Railway Company by a leasing arrangement and was bought outright by the older company in 1908.14 The "formal" opening of the amusement park, named Renwick - Park, was scheduled for 26 June 1894 with the arrival of its first major excursion from Binghamton, New York,i5 even though the 'contract for the construction of the park's pavilions was not awarded to Stephen M. ' Oltz until 12 June 1894.16 The main restaurant pavilion and the "tea house", or concession stand , 12"An Important Deal, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 3 April 1894, page 3. • • �3"Lakeward Ho: ", Ithaca Daily Journal, 11 November 1893, page 3. 14Kerr, Ithaca Street Railway, 1972, pages 11-12. 15" 'Twill Be A Big One, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 29 May 1894, page 3. 16„City Chat,” Ithaca Daily Journal, 12 June 1894, page 3. -246- were completed in 1894. The remainder of the park' s buildings, st the dance pavilion, bandstand, water tower, boat and bath 1 houses were not completed until 1895. A covered trolley stop and a colonnade to connect the restaurant pavilion, water tower, and dance pavilion, were never realized. Renwick Park captured the imagination of the Ithaca Daily Journal like no other project before or since. Literally hundreds of announcements and articles appeared in the news- paper during 1894 and 1895 describing the progress of the . development of the park, leasing arrangements between conces- sionaires and the park's management, excursions planned to the park and various other aspects. The newspaper also published the ground floor plan and principal elevation of the main pavilions complex (Figure 3-9) on 3 August 1895. As late as 1897, it lamented the continued nonconstruction of the connec- ting colonnade.17 The very development of Renwick Park itself was the result of Vivian and Gibb's design being able to capture the imagination of Horace E. Hand, the major financial backer of the development: When Architects Vivian & Gibb submitted to Mr. Berg- holtz a pretty, ideal sketch of a group of buildings for Renwick beach it was with no expectation that the same would ever materialize in building materials. When they were requested to prepare detail plans the realization seemed to them yet far off in the dim' future. Only a year has elapsed since the making of the pretty water color picture now treasured by Mr. Horace E. Hand and the group of ornamental buildings 17"Renwick Beach Spray, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 8 June 1897, page 3. r., •y . , t t3 r n�4+•)r ,...i." fi ti',.'r'''' -,:e.,�Xty�,� � t ywlV 4,A(* < y �" p.•rr '..r.:'.^tA�"...a+Y^..e.+�'�"'� 1 Al' 'h1c.5 # "!St# aXKZ„rv>*, w• • .*'••••-••-•-› I.;•4, - ..4.,,,. ,•,. . ,.... . . , . .: . : :... • . . >,,.. ,:,.,54t..... 4,,.;...,. ,.c....,1 “,.. v ._, — R # T f p .:gtf y':'� h%r ' c f.:%'e+• ...ilt Stt.ides," 1 y: ,.,.. rt:` •r ,,,.....f,a.�7l�r �s,4 w-∎ rç wd�(f; < '.l � ` yZ',�;+ p4`< _�L ,,,..yll.� •�f'`• '}`*y ice' '.i. .,i tr 's�.t y"S'�3" y"'!+ � ;>s j� t� t r ,,TTt� a"1 ,• ,+ l+r.' t •r k. ems• y .-.. ..s.4;(;/.1.„,•.-;,,is-4 ip& 'a/'1•^�`� OSN7L'.�" 04."T"?' r R ,,,i�, yy:"1r•, Y S� '� ti, �XSjlT., ty�• ,1.1 � r 'i or s :H CI �.1 ' // 1q +i J 1),`/r I17` 't ; 't..',-`= i,r--: � '> ; jr �.. 1 s �.4:;.J 1-4 ,Jit c,. t -o -4:f/t Y' � ''' •--A `..r/ -14t .73' 4; , ♦ J i r .! �,y J .i i.t- „R 1" i w a 1 ]r "%q:6 S x S, / 1• Z + 4' .� r „ r,- • 'Y'r �•i .c Y u Fes' `• /4 �Y Le� t 74.'$1 ""�3�3t is ;t �. Z� r1■• /I) c „, y''z'','",t' �';*7' 0.1L , 't .-�•� �Irl 1 'c���,�.�.+�•^' i' ,-, a ;, r � p c R E N C K ';� � �, DINGS ,ti ° 0 r.J jf i.+ '{ • (.7 v . lf SITv i b zYrtt, 11 -P-' :. � �^ ~ - ., t !+~• r"l A -Jy 't • `. R y om • �(� i. „f. K,•f } C Y +' "7. � Y . t ir t•-" 'ii t � u v0 ' tip - ' • � rt,s • LAI L11't ' ilJ ` y J.-•r t . a r J ,;C'" •''. { t . , i r >O + ir • �w �rt �s yam. t• #?+ :S �'. �' ° 1 t 1 F ; 4, .w 1... .t ti' rS ♦� 1 1 •� M' �# CO y o ' • -': .N,.. K B u i L D G . A P• � r D PLAN Gp R Cu GROU VO O H — C} c+ -248- • adorning the beach lack only colonnade and covered t landing platform for the cars to surpass anything 18 d of ,kindred nature in this state- if not in this country. , ; � The design which so captivated Horace E. Hand was a grand -4.q civic gesture comparable in its effects and pretensions in *0!t,*S1 Ithaca only with the Clinton House of a half-century before. s ,f 4w � It was also, even in its never completed form, an appropri- ately delightful design as an architecture for Victorian American amusements (Figures 3-10 through 3-15). The largest pavilion originally housed. a restaurant and consisted of a main block two bays deep and three bays wide, each -bay featuring a large semi-circular arched opening set into the simple shingled .walls. Each arched opening was filled with small panes of fixed glass with paired doors at the center, similarly glazed. A wide veranda surrounds the main block which supports the broad shingled expanse of the moderately pitched hip roof on a colonnade of coupled Tuscan columns. A subsidiary addition, with shingled walls and hipped roof, contained the restaurant's kitchen and is attached to the rear of the main block. The interior walls and ceiling are covered with wood siding, and the three-sided • fireplace planned for the center of the pavilion was removed less than a year after its construction.19 Today, the building stands sadly neglected with the flooring of the veranda removed and apparently replaced by a lower concrete K 18"City Chat," Ithaca Daily Journal, 17 July 1895, page 3. 19"Briefs, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 8 May 1895, page 3. a -249- '1. [ , -- - a-, •; , ,'4".*:‘vtlt • *• .-... ";-.4'J '..'' # (�J. 1. ••C , .'• Y -,. t.) t 1M" x _ Q•4,-,,;40-1 j -:\..,,.e......,...73-.. • , 1�d � .fit • t)''' ) '1'1\ ) �! 1 :' • ."47:'#''.4.4 n 'L 111j�...-..r.ne-.... { '1 sal?^,.1 — 1 L:LiMMU.i----i ....m-• — F.. a'i: --7. •-_::,•-- ,7�/'�2`yi�t"`+.3�- '.Z,- ri.L +{.i1..j�A1Lj;A 6T 'it:�M� ..`..7•!J- _�.�.�Y"! Y... h n7r�.-.a .f •3' a�!.`,, �V +. _ .g....• .,'•`.T.3;d" ..ci3' r,S:r.L ,'.:..nt'i'"---tr- .-.., Xqc+• G� r ,ti,. } ` 3-10. Vivian and Gibb with William Webster (landscape } architect) , Renwick Park, Ithaca, New York, 1894-95, exter- =_ _ terior view from northeast (Griffis , Art Works of Tompkins County, 1896). - .i mot.-...i:! '� •.i•"/":".„". ."£,nt 111+ v_. • !" y a^ c�.' ! L7 ~ t s� ?.... .i •�> •a 1 ! 7 1k j:..p. ,..„,'1;.F ,, �i�{ T,t„� r • �►py�i.. '1+� 1 �'. r� f� ` ,. ..? M- a •Y -�L ,.Iw,.. A ' _f�, 1�'3• a r � yy4 1_`i y ♦ ., � x, '• ~.gat 4'.,. >} '°'t �'� t�l r X*K":".4..- A * 'f.e'- 1 1 I. 1 1 II b lit ti• I hi A 1 :f . �.,rs; -- —mil .5^ _ Ti* lkY/-� ' .b5 `,xo.,�Ga�f'wYr.. ...__.. ~_Y J-n�.w +ti ` � '.-.j".'J*""!�a1r.' ,t1r , ( 4 ,ktl -•_;:•,... �..__�. y- F[ -iJ F y.i ... -.. N 1i" 0..• ,- r•7" '----11.:::..:. f .k.,".:;it ... a. w _ iCCyYJ .1•:,..,„:-:{ � 1- 3-11. •main pavilions complex, Renwick Park, 1894-95, exterior view from northwest (Griffis , Art Works of Tompkins � - County, 1896) . ,3! _250_ '41 floor and with many of its windows broken and boarded up ;mac (Figure A-11), but it still serves essentially its intended -: function, now as the main picnic pavilion at Stewart Park. r >= ; A second large pavilion, originally used for dances, was located some 150 feet to the west and was similar in size and appearance to the restaurant pavilion except that it lacked the rear addition which allowed the veranda to surround . completely the pavilion. Although this pavilion was not completed until 1895, it was altered in 1896 by the addition . '-: of a stage with short wings at its west end and became Ithaca's first vaudeville theater.20 Two years later, the construction of a projection booth allowed the Renwick play- house to be the first theater in Ithaca to feature motion pictures,21 although the motion pictures were incidental to the main attraction of vaudeville. In 1903, the stage was moved back to the west edge of the veranda and enlarged, which • also allowed the seating capacity of the pavilion to be increased to a claimed 1,000 or so.22 Beginning in 1906, the pavilion was used for several winters as a roller skating rink,�3 while reverting back to a theater during the summer. • 20"At Breeze-Swept Renwick Beach, " Ithaca Daily Journal, =23 June 1896, page 3. 21"At Renwick Beach, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 28 May 1898, -page 3. 22"At Renwick Beach," Ithaca Daily Journal, 11 May 1903, `page 3. �3"Roller Skating," Ithaca Daily Journal, 20 October 1906, . Page 5. -251- Throughout all these changes in use, the pavilion was able to k accommodate the changes while remaining the visual twin of the " -restaurant pavilion. But when the Renwick Park and Traffic Association leased the park to Wharton, Inc. , a motion picture production company, this pavilion became Wharton's primary interior studio. At this time, the colonnade was replaced by the present stuccoed walls, and the west wall was raised to two stories in height by the addition of a shed dormer. . The pavilion (Figure A-12) , as it stands today, hardly resembles its former self and is used primarily as a bath house and storage building. Mid-way between these two pavilions and set back behind them was a four-story tower, square in plan, which housed the park' s water supply as well as an observation deck just under the steeply pitched pyramidal roof. Like the two main pavilions, the tower was finished with wood shingles, and entrance to the structure was gained through paired, glazed doors with sidelights of small paned glass. At the second story, a second pair of glazed doors were incorporated into a Palladian window and were intended to open onto the roof promenade of the proposed colonnade. At the fourth story, over the water tank, the view from the observation deck was framed by three arched openings supported in part by Tuscan columns . The water tower was unfortunately destroyed by Hurricane Hazel in 1955.24 24Barbara Bell, "Glance Backwards : Stewart Park," The Ithaca Journal, 10 January 1970, page 17. • • : -252- .-/ .1:::::!....: A .h ^ >r. ,�.e, zz"IA •,L 4 � '?tk ' " 'c k'° %1 � ;rh - k., k J F 88 y d " � gA s i' f Z * : y ,.. . a rk �,?a .. :•t• ?;:M„ � e - .z€ � ,Y . u.a s L S e £' ,xt , _. am �a vy _,i 'a w . 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X yf `:,£. 6y A ..� � S ) f< `l it ^J Y r >I1 Y.,. y. ;. «r s� 3 3, �N tss n.e" .. ,F,, `v"4" ^,,/� .; £°fie 3 — ��`' F R 1x.,y Site%'- iy y,,:a ,,,. y `-�nr'"'y""`• £ a T?,'u x t t.,..''pf '''''.' f y A IfF p sy ` w:�iili ,. �'� 's ,a/n�zi`�xb '; t -'s., '"`° ,.,*�.'x "°x r� .rs k sK'r`� t t t q.:.. ro '° „a,,,,,,_-.--,‘ '+� .,may{ ,re..c.+�'rtYy.,a.. � Y,..s.n.rr 's J,t ' � � ^`�s” '.af.'�"W �''�Y'� �M �"�� � y'f-x,ICY '�i u �„ .,+ .d1 "' w >� ...:, ., F ,.. a kt . f A Ff r r^ :..,, A_' ..,...ae�°' .r .aexe /ae .rF �% 3 w' s'� r• z k'k4' x'6• ° ,cw.��1 1ve ,e ` e "e� +w w� k4'� •`i sf -'a:w a� ie. 1-.. . a.. , ,e, '; . ✓�'.'.. r•c te ..:.- y I& � 'rte 9` r :,,,,,,,e,..4:::'.r ^s "" ✓; "3+- �m CDs a x .t,. t�r„p"� ." ✓s L'•S„s>y, - , ,, . .., .x F '`s .c«L, �: :t t$ r4 ti g '' v %y "' f t^l _ ? £' - X:x '7. ;N: ,,,.4.g?• '" rs r'.^9� ,;``�y`•a.: , �$4f# %ST"v e c `i " 0... €'t ? % `-a ;w- ` .ie',a' ;i ,- �'"',.s '.--,&y,' •".0, '4`?.Y�a x r < ,,,�`�,�x r^-4'''.2.A' .,I.-.�,.f t R3.��1 abs, .`A �' . �. --'-✓`'�--• ' 1 k s t k +F s�,"',%.;;;,':•:::"::?. k ,b < . La: aa`4, `, s . ", `°a,5FYw'�'"` Y,�`-, s-7 R� :f..a ' .n 3 ""`y: A,",2"'0� .� �,,; . ?-13. boat houses, lienwick. 'ark, 1—z 9 -95, exterior•t;iF.r 'r on nouth:�rest Some Sur?fl estions about Ithaca, 9 ) . ;tip: x : 1 -253- To connect these three structures, Vivian and Gibb pro- posed an off-set semi-circular colonnade of Tuscan columns E �. supporting an open promenade on its roof. This was never built nor was the proposed trolley stop which would undoubtedly t._ have been placed immediately behind the water tower.25 At the focal point of the proposed colonnade was built an octagonal bandstand which was referred to as a "pagoda". The Renwick "pagoda" frequently featured the music of Patsy Conway and the Ithaca Band,26 a band sufficiently popular in the region to have inaugurated the trolley park pavilion at Cortland in 189627 and for merchants in downtown Ithaca to have expressed relief over increased business on Saturdays when Conway and his band did not play at Renwick Park.28 As with all too many nineteenth-century bandstands, this one has succumbed to the passage of time and disuse without a trace. Of the many other minor pavilions and structures erected at the park, only the "teahouse" can be safely ascribed to Vivian and Gibb. This pavilion originally housed the conces- sionaire who sold iced teas and other non-alcoholic beverages �5This was the location to which the "teahouse" was moved when it was used for this purpose. 26For a short, informative synopsis of Patrick Conway (1867-1929) and the Ithaca Band, see Barbara Bell, Glance Backwards (Watkins Glen, N. Y. : Author) , 1970, pages and "Conway to Conduct Band of 200 Pieces, " The Ithaca Journal, 15 February 1916, page 3. 27"Personal Mention, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 23 June 1896, page 3. 28"Business Improving ," Ithaca Daily Journal, 18 May 1903, page 3. -25+- as well as ice cream and other confectionaries. It was square r ;, , in plan with an arcade of three arches set into each shingled wall with each arch supported on a set of Tuscan columns, and the pavilion was capped by a shingled, moderately pitched, roof. Beginning in 1898, the "teahouse" did duty as the billiards pavilion for a couple of years while the water . tower' s ground floor housed the previous concessionaire.29 In 1900, the "teahouse" was moved from its original position east of the restaurant pavilion (Figures 3-10 and 3-12) to a posi- tion immediately behind the water tower (Figure 3-15) where it served as an open depot for the street railway.30 The struc- ture now stands (Figure A-13) southwest of the former dance pavilion as a picnic pavilion and is missing its columns which have been replaced by simple rectangular piers and triangular corbels.31 Conceptually, Renwick Park represented a new philosophi- cal approach to street railway development that emerged in the mid-1890s. The earliest street railways , including the first franchise in Ithaca, were developed to meet an existing need— for example, providing fast reliable transportation between the two main railroad stations at the inlet with the central 29"City Chat," Ithaca Daily Journal, 20 April 1898, page 6. 30"At Renwick Park, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 31 March 1900, page 3. 31This structure has been incorrectly identified as the park ' s bandstand in S. Hector, "Building-Structure Inventory Form: Stewart Park Pavilions and Boathouse, " July 1979. r m �� far ' ' :.-_Q fir y try h f< 4 ) £ fir, a 3 Y ':§ f u i � C 4115::''..-',.: K l _ w x L ah`£ d. .3Q --W::::::::-:::- ph L nY3' rt 3 H } , n ' > > 3r 3,r"t- D» z a r a; £ dx ..+¢ <( fr w x,�.f ) � . R£� i x� 'fl r z a s .17 6 SSA; e t ° . f ,. HS 5� - ° d � � jqg L. 3N' *' �, S �A7 ; Y Y �+6 a,`''r r� '"w!"'�', ,"az& a +� s � g g , i '. s `.�'. C• .,v, .}( Y -Fd: i 3w.t�* y � F � +� +w i_,•S. F£`y. r w `"kyr tx p, x ..?7'o h 3 ut°s t,�xF �zw `� - '� : : Sfax df� : f s a�+aR<^._°� r X<' Y a SS t.i sY'°< ✓e x "... - 5 : 3.4 63, 5,: gf W of F -!"_ #�<7 +yam£�a �';a :q '` ; p ' :.''.3a -' .'`" I� �H ' �`" _ yes_ `E+ I 0--�.... sF , to Rµ x°:Z` x �ir', C7 Rn..aX SuC,s,MF aJ 'b Y:13 Sys 7 - £ £: 111.s. P wYny:: et'°' <. 't, :. ,.g, M1S.g y i' Z,� x, <. 5 ' � c. :;, f 9v Y � c F qx 5-, � y ,i ,, W� °'<"'S < ;;°:,4-'*:-''''-'' �� t x1°i` ,Jr `3�7t; x ,z R� a s;� %'� Q,��44:4s? ':4.X`;x k V EF z .'w,' 'A,r.ranaa. �t ;s ya $£ 5,A y" G aa� Yt ,�„{ 6^rr ,<«y,:n �-�e' ,..��:�Q,e�,ks -�?' s%.:.,$a�� ��? ° ?'F[ �3�;.,a� '3 .. < `.�: ed F� -?4, east arotznds , erwic'_ Park, 3894-9 , ex :erier view from ;•rest ( ��� A sue,�z t.ton.s bout Ith� ca, 18 r7 Z. -...,....„1 ...,.. .,,::: :,......:::, .....„.,:::::....-., ,..::::::,.:::_:._ w„ .....,.. 4,,..:-...z.::..N4,:,..,..., s.,,,..„::,,,...,..,.,..,..,.:„4 ...,......„.......,.„.„.. :. ::::::.„7_,-.:,,_ y mss` „ ,, .. .,. ,. .... . ..,:,,::,..„.,..:i.__:: :.....,„....,::::..,...::::::... ......, ,5 . ,,:., it? ,, .:-- _.. - 11,,,i ., — .,. . „:. i• . •... i x � t Y 1 '' Vi azd.. :5At.t ek 8'L� P ! 1! 1 e b Y - s ,`TX; ac�aF #- 'F R .``. , u �. ` ) •`;. tic �aoa " °` ed � .» ' >«- K�. fir wx . ��si<' i��w� � a :yyfi�jz" ,s X .. ,.:.� "�"�Se i.,ee +x.;�'., zt�H §kwd ':, ,R .g'Yas 's' '�� _i ." 'E° art 1rZt i n '! 'r z aQ. = '.�. ` .. azn ,r `` a ,9y°: ° ,ff' ,t4.iikl ' s 'c .:,,,:v. { ) E�y Sk' � z' R a�.� g -„ 5 j,ee r a4 tE 2 ?- 4k "'' yt:�°a7 eM,�° ';x+'' ^`Y. "j`.'7 F" ro ,,,-24- tl J M t: e,„f R!`S �. �, 'F �Dfx w.5.y, » < °FF .x' . £ +ea£& xe a Yryae"w.. a`.. ' a •"' Q: a. 8:. TF3'`=T'£:. 4.V .'x'iie" 5 `lls�S.<vr .: �3',.��✓'be..• ?-?5• main pavilions co le: , ern.�ic_; ;ark, 1' .-9-;, e : r rior v ew .frcm east (views, o Ithaca, 1 906 )., -256- business district of Ithaca. In addition, street railways «- were often extended to areas in order to make the real estate along the route, or at its end, more valuable, like the Maple Avenue Railway of 1887-88 in Elmira, New York,32 or the Seattle Electric Railway and Power Company's route to the then- northern suburb of Fremont, Washington.33 Renwick Park, on the other hand, was developed solely to generate new traffic for the street railway. As an amusement resort, Renwick Park was not especially unique or innovative in itself. A comparable resort had developed in Elmira as Eldridge Park, which had been begun in 1860, though on a much smaller scale, as a landscaped park but began to evolve into an amusement park sometime around 1890.34 More typical of late nineteenth-century amusement park develop- ment would seem to have been resorts like Charlotte, New York, north of Rochester. Here facilities for lake bathing were 32Shelden S. King , The Street Railway Operations of the Elmira Water, LiPht and Railroad Co. , Its Predecessors and Successors , 18 1-1939 (Elmira, N. Y. : Felix E. Reifschneider) , 1961, pages 2-4. The Maple Avenue Railway was the first street railway in Elmira to be electrified, which occurred in 1890. 33Clarence B. Bagley, History of Seattle : From the Earliest Settlement to the Present Time (Chicago, Ill. : The S. J. Clarke Publishing Company) , 1916, Volume I, pages 429- 438. Curiously, in 1889, when the Seattle Electric Railway and Power Company was organized, it was the seventh electric railway in the world to purchase equipment and the fourth to commence operations; however, at the time, Seattle did not have regular steam railroad connections with the rest of the country. 34-Carolyn E. Boyce, Eldridge Park: A Walking Tour (Ithaca, N. Y. : Harley McKee Chapter/Society of Architec- tural Historians ) , 1981, no pagination. ‘fir, -257- advertised in the 1850s in addition to fishing and boating; construction of two major hotels, the Spencer House in 18?3 and the Cottage Hotel in 1874, and four minor ones made the town the leading_ resort on Lake Ontario; and the addition of an auditorium and mechanical amusements, like a merry-go-round, roller coaster, mystic swing, and maze, allowed Charlotte to be called "the 'Coney Island' of Western New York" in 1891.35 In either case, the actual amusement parks were owned separate from the transportation systems that serviced the parks. The Panic of 1893 convinced a number of railway systems of the need to find new ways of generating traffic beyond • merely laying track. In 1894, the Seattle Electric Railway and Power Company bought John Cort 's Lake Washington Casino, renamed it the Leschi Park Pavilion, and began presenting vaudeville and concerts in it in an effort to boost ridership on its Yesler Way line.36 Also in 1894, the Altoona (Pennsyl- vania) and Logan Valley Electric Railway Company formed the Lakemont Park Company to develop an amusement park with a casino, theater and mechanical rides.37 And of course, also in 1894, the Ithaca Street Railway Company began the develop- 35Richard W. Flint, "Meet Me In Dreamland: The Early Development of Amusement Parks in America, " Victorian Resorts and Hotels : Essays from a Victorian Society Autumn Symposium, Richard Guy Wilson, editor (Philadelphia, Penn. : The Victor- ian Society in America) , 1982, pages 100-104. 36"Another Opening, . . . Another Show" : Seattle Theatre History (Seattle, Wash. : Museum of History and Industry) , 27 June-14 September 1980. 37Flint, "Meet Me In Dreamland, " Victorian Resorts and Hotels, 1982, pages 104-105. -258- ment of Renwick Park. From the developer's point of view, the development of an amusement park along the south shore of Cayuga Lake was not a particularly innovative venture even though Renwick Park may have been among the very first to be developed by a street railway system. For the architects, on the other hand, the commission was essentially unprecedented. In addition, this type of commission does not seem to have often come the way of architects with the high-style pretensions of Vivian and Gibb.38 38This may only be indicative of the present lack of investigation by architectural historians in this area. Frederic Thompson was one of the few well-known designers of amusement parks around the turn of the twentieth century who has been identified with an architectural background, his having been that of a former architect 's draftsman in Nashville, Tennessee (Oliver Pilat and Jo Ranson, Sodom by the Sea: An Affectionate History of Coney Island (Garden City, N. Y. : Garden City Publishing Company, Inc. ) , 1941, page 142) ; Thompson ' s architecture was definitely not high-style though still quite appropriate and successful in its own context; see Gary Kyriazi, The Great American Amusement Parks : A Pictorial History (Secaucus, N. J. ; Citadel Press) , 1976, pages 54-61. Another well-known amusement park designer contemporary with Thompson was Frederick Ingersoll of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, whose background was that of an engineer (Flint, "Meet Me In Dreamland, " Victorian Resorts and Hotels, 1982, page 106) . On the other hand, William H. Miller was involved in reland- scaping Rorick's Glen (The Ithaca Journal, 20 August 1913, page 3) , a tolley park about two and a half miles west of downtown Elmira which had been developed in 1900 and whose attractions included a casino, restaurant, dance hall, roller coaster, Circle Swing and Little Giant Railroad (King , Elmira Water , Light and Railroad Co. , 1961, pages 10-11) ; the designer of the original buildings is not known. In addition, Peter J. Weber (1864-1923) was responsible for the design of the original buildings for Ravinia Park at Highland Park, Illinois, which included a music pavilion, casino, and theater; this park was developed in 1902-04 by the Chicago and Milwaukee Electric Railroad and its amusements included an electric arm swing , skating rink, toboggan slide, and an elec- tric fountain in addition to the more formal entertainments (Philip Berger, editor , Highland Park: American Suburb At Its Best (Highland Park, Ill. : The Highland Park Landmarks Preser- -259- With its provision of facilities for eating , drinking , K FS• dancing , performing of music, sight-seeing , picnicking , and taking the air, as well as bathing and boating, the planned use of Renwick Park was quite similar to the popular resort hotels, particularly like those that once dotted the shores of Cayuga Lake such as the Cayuga Lake House at Sheldrake39 or the Glenwood Hotel at Glenwood Point,40 but without any over- vation Committee) , 1982, pages 23-24) . Weber was very much a high-style architect who had worked for Daniel Burnham and Company during the 1890s after coming to Chicago from his native Germany in 1893 prior to the World' s Columbian Exposi- tion ("Obituary: Peter J. Weber," Journal of the American Institute of Architects , volume XI, number 10 (October 1923) , page 416) ; one of his best known buildings was the main public library building at Seattle, Washington (Herbert Croly, "The Building of Seattle: A City of Great Architectural Promise " The Architectural Record, volume XXXII, number 1 (July 1912) , pages 12, 13 and 20) , which was completed in 1906 and replaced in 1957-59. 39The north section of the Cayuga Lake House was built in 1875 to the design of William R. Mead of New York city, later a partner in the firm of McKim, Mead and White (Leland M. Roth, The Architecture of McKim Mead and White, 1870-1920: A Building List (New York, N. Y. : Garland Publishing , fnc. ) , 1978, page 7) , with the south section of similar design being added in 1879; see Carolyn Hamm, William Henry -Miller and Shingle Style Planning (Ithaca, N. Y. : unpublished Architec- ture: & Urban Planning 404 term paper/Cornell University) , 3 May 1974, figure 8. The hotel was noted for the excellence of its appointments and cuisine; its attractions included billiard and pool parlors, bowling alley, archery and croquet grounds, boating , and its livery, in addition to the salub- rious climate of its lakeside locale. 40There were two, and possibly three, hotels at Glenwood Point, now the site of the Ithaca Yacht Club. The last hotel was designed in 1895 by John M. Wilgus of Ithaca and was completed in time for the 1896 season; an excellent descrip- tion and exterior perspective of this hotel (at first referred to as the Hotel Evans ) can be found in the Ithaca Daily Journal, 8 February 1896, page 6. Although the reputation of this hotel was not as great as the Cayuga Lake House or the Sheldrake House, it was noted for its dance pavilion and the public dances held there on Wednesdays and Saturdays (Allan H. -260- night accommodations. Except for possibly the extensive incor- poration of wide verandas in the main complex of pavilions , the lake resort hotels were not utilized as a prototype for ==;-, r~d Renwick Park, despite their functional similarities. The prototype for Renwick was not even located in the state of New York, rather it was located on the shore of Lake Michigan and had had an even more ephemeral existence than Renwick Park was to have. The prototype was the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 at Chicago, Illinois. The World 's Columbian Exposition was the architectural event of the 1890s. Among the approximate 27*-million visitors to Chicago and the exposition in 1893 were at least two architects from Ithaca, Miller in August and Vivian in September.42 Neither Miller 's nor Vivian's impressions of the exposition are, for the most part, documented, but certain aspects of the exposition were congenial to Vivian's later professional needs and were incorporated into his works. The first instance of this was in the planning and design of the main complex of pavilions at Renwick Park. In plan, the main complex of pavilions had many similar- Treman, As I Remember: Recollections of Allan H. Treman, Joyce H. Finch, editor (Ithaca, N. Y. : Department of Manu- scripts and University Archives/Cornell University Libraries), 1979, pages 89 and 91) ; the hotel was destroyed in the great flood of 1935. 41"Purely Personal, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 19 August 1893, . page 3. 42'fPurely Personal, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 18 September 1893, page 3. . -261- Af { sties with the so-called "Peristyle" complex at the World' s 1 Columbian Exposition designed by Charles B. Atwood (1849- 1895) . The Peristyle complex terminated the eastern end of • 4a the Court of Honor (Figure 3-16) and consisted of two identi- • cal pavilions, the Casino and the Music Hall, which were connected by a rectilinear double colonnade which was pierced • by a triumphal arch called the Water Gate. At Renwick, the main pavilions complex was oriented toward the lake while the proposed connecting double colonnade was semi-circular :in plan;44 the water tower, which occupied the Water Gate's 43Stanley Appelbaum, The Chicago World's Fair of 1893 (New York, N. Y. : Dover Publications, Inc. ) , 1980, page 21. McKim, Mead and White are credited with the design in Vincent Scully, American Architecture and Urbanism (New York, N. Y. : Holt, Rinehart and Winston) , 1969, page 139; however, Atwood' s obituary in 1895 lists the Peristyle at the exposition among his many designs ("Charles B. Atwood, " The American Architect and Building News, volume L, number 1044 (28 December 1895) , page 141) . Charles Bowler Atwood was born on 18 May 1849 at Charlestown, Massachusetts, the son of David and Lucy (Bowler) Atwood; at the age of 17, he began his apprenticeship in architecture with Ware and Van Brunt of Boston and two years later entered the Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard Uni- versity. In 1872, he left Ware and Van Brunt to begin his own practice in Boston only to join the firm of Herter Brothers in New York city in 1875 as chief designer where he was respon- sible for the William H. Vanderbilt mansion among other works. By 1884, he had again established his own practice now in New York city. In 1891, he was made "designer in chief" at the World' s Columbian Exposition of 1893 upon the recommendation of his mentor, William R. Ware, replacing John W. Root after Root 's untimely death on 15 January 1891. In this capacity, Atwood designed more than sixty of the exposition buildings including his acknowledged masterpiece, the Fine Arts Palace. Atwood eventually assumed Root 's former position as chief designer for Daniel H. Burnham's office until shortly before his death on 19 December 1895 at Chicago, Illinois. ("Charles Bowler Atwood, " The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography (New York, N. Y. : James T. White and Company) , 1932, Volume XXII, pages 110-111. ) Curiously, the original plan for the exposition's Peri- .... V.E.!..-, tit,. 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Columbian Exposition, Chicago, Illinois , lo 2- ,.„, , . ‘ . exterior view from southeast (courtesy, Chicano Historical ....:•::- : Society, #ICH1-02245; photo by C. D. Arnold). ..: .., .:::: ..... . ..!:.:..:. .. -263- :f position in the ensemble, was placed behind the colonnade 9 rather than interrupting its intended sweeping arc. Perhaps a significant, had the Peristyle complex been placed at the opposite end of the Court of Honor and connected to the tall 07 Administration Building , one would have the conceptual base for the main pavilions complex at Renwick Park, including even the location of the trolley stop/railroad station. The two principal pavilions at Renwick Park were remark- ably similar in the use of wide colonnaded verandas with broad uncluttered expanses of shingled roofs to the Forestry Building (Figure 3-17) at the Chicago exposition; a building also designed by Atwood.45 Vivian and Gibb did away with the gabled monitor and simplified Atwood' s busy colonnade. Their use of coupled Tuscan columns also gave the Renwick pavilions greater pretensions of high-style architecture, in keeping with their use of the Peristyle complex as a model. To compliment the pavilions and to help the park grounds in accommodating the crowds of visitors, a landscape architect, William Webster of Rochester, New York,46 was brought in. style was for a semi-circle of 13 isolated columns (Appelbaum, Chicago World ' s Fair, 1980, page 21) , whether Vivian or Gibb were aware of this is not known. 45Appelbaum, Chicago World' s Fair, 1980, page 95. 1+6 Little has been discovered about William Webster beyond his Ithaca works. His known works outside of Ithaca included a number of parks for the City of Scranton, Pennsylvania ("City Chat, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 21 May 1895, page 3) , as well as private work for the Hand family of that city, most probably including the layout of the residential suburb of Elmsford ("An Important Deal, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 3 April - - 1894, page 3), "the arrangement of the grounds of the Masonic ik -264- F Webster ' s typical work would seem to be evident at Lake View Cemetery, in the planning of Cornell Heights, and in the 1896 : s alignment of the Cascadilla Place approach to Cornell Univer- I L +a ` f C sity,47 where the informal, picturesque mode of landscape t,. $�,;; design popularized by the great nineteenth-century landscape ` architect Frederick Law Olmsted is evident. This would seem to reinforce Webster' s reputation for having once worked for Olmsted. Despite this preference, the landscaping immedi- ately surrounding the main pavilions at Renwick Park was formally organized (Figure 3-14) , as was much of the landscape design at the Chicago exposition. But the most significant attribute that Renwick Park shared with the World 's Columbian Exposition was the ability Home at Utica" in New York state ("Renwick Park and Lakeview Cemetery," Ithaca Daily Journal, 30 April 1895, page 3) , and the trolley park at Cortland, New York ("City Chat, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 6 August 1895, page 3) . In Ithaca, he was associated with W. H. Miller in the planning of the Herman Bergholtz mansion on Renwick Heights ("Renwick Park Pickings," Ithaca Daily Journal, 21 May 1895, page 3) , which was not built, plus projects mentioned in the text of the thesis. 47"To Be Beautified," Ithaca Daily Journal, 2 November 1895, page 3. Webster was not the only professional involved on this project with Miller, which ultimately included a formal entrance gate where Cascadilla Place meets Eddy Street and a new stone arch bridge over Cascadilla Creek, who has not received due credit for their work with Miller. Professor Henry N. Ogden of the engineering faculty at Cornell Univer- sity was also involved ("Campus Adornment, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 4 June 1896, page 6; Ithaca Daily Journal, 20 March 1897, page 3) ; Ogden' s specialty was the design of masonry arch bridges. The 4 June 1896 article specifically states "the plans [for the new bridge] are being drawn by Instructor Ogden of the Department of Civil Engineering." . 48Henry Edward Abt, Ithaca (Ithaca, N. .Y. : Ross W. Kellogg ) , 1926, page 132. -265- to create a very special sense of place, though each on a vastly different scale. The White City, as the 1893 exposi- tion was commonly referred to, was quite capable of dumb- founding its visitors. With a wheeled chair to save mother from the fatigue of walking we started down the line and so rapidly did we pass from one stupendous vista to another that we saw in a few hours many of the inside exhibits and all of the finest exteriors—not to mention a glimpse of the polygot amazements of the Midway. In pursuance of our plan to watch the lights come on, we ate our supper in one of the big restaurants on the grounds and at eight o 'clock entered the Court of Honor. It chanced to be a moonlit night, and as lamps were lit and the waters of the lagoon began to reflect the gleaming walls of the great palaces with their sculptured ornaments, and boats of quaint shape filled with singers came and went beneath the arching bridges, the wonder and the beauty of it all moved these dwellers of the level lands to tears of joy which was almost as poignant as pain. In addition to its grandeur the scene had for them the transitory quality of an autumn sunset, a splendor which they would never see again. Stunned by the majesty of the vision, my mother sat in her chair, visioning it all yet comprehending little of its meaning. Her life had been spent among homely small things , and these gorgeous scenes dazzled her, overwhelmed her, letting in upon her in one might flood a thousand stupefying suggesj,ons of the art and history and poetry of the world. yy Renwick Park, on the other hand, had the ability to transform the mile and a quarter or so trip from Ithaca to the lake shore into an excursion of memorable proportions : But best of all were the times when the Band gave a Concert at Renwick. You knew about it before-hand. A picnic basket was packed with potato salad and hard-boiled eggs , and cold-tea which always became luke-warm, in a quart can. With your family you 49Hamlin Garland, A Son of the Middle Border (New York, N. Y. : The Macmillan Company) , 1918, pages 459-460. -266- walked up to Tioga Street and stood waiting impor- tantly for the street-car. Once aboard you went bumping along happily, past the houses , past Percy Field, the smell of the lake growing stronger, around the curve, and there it was, Renwick: You climbed down and ran to find the best table for the picnic. - There you put the basket and unpacked it. There were the bears to feed, and deer, slender and startled, and a chattering monkey who was always eating peanuts. After you had eaten twilight fell, the sunset turning the lake to rose, then came night, the sound of lapping water, and the twinkling of many lights. The Band climbed into the round stand, Mr. Conway raised his baton, and unforgetable music floated out across the darkness. Row-boats and canoes glided in and out of the shadows near the shore. Mosquitoes sang about your ankles. Fans moved back and forth. You ate buttered p8corn and leaned sleepily against your Father. • • .7 Curiously, in late 189+, a design very similar to the main pavilions complex at Renwick Park was published in The American Architect and Building News. 51 This design was for a shelter and look-out on Castle Island (Figure 3-18) in Boston harbor and was the work of Edmund M. Wheelwright,52 the city 50Edith Horton, A Child of the Nineties (Ithaca; N. Y. : DeWitt Historical Society of Tompkins County, Inc. ) , 1971, pages 6-7. 51The American Architect and Building News, volume XLVI, number 990 (15 December 1894). 52Edmund March Wheelwright was born in 185+ at Roxbury, Massacusetts (now a part of Boston proper) , where he was educated. In 1876, he graduated from Harvard University and then studied at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Ecole des Beaux Arts during the next five years. Upon his return to the United States , he worked for Peabody and Stearns of Boston, and later, for McKim, Mead and White of New York city and E. P. Treadwell of Albany, New York. Although he apparently did not officially start his own office in Boston until 1885, he was the architect of "Kelp Rock" (the Edmund C. Stedman residence) of 1883 at New Castle, New Hampshire. In 1890, Parkman B. Haven joined Wheelwright as a partner in the w � ; a k 67 -G 2 � ✓:c d as . L �' ' a f r k y a r; . • l: .L J y�r�t� : M ` q` f . a •r..,,:4 .ry �j xA �' i. r r #1,.'� 44. ! II � p c j.:._ rye..^ '! a YS 'e te•▪ 1•;j�'" s 1 t� �, : _ , a -rte 1 wr .N !cr,: ����41j -+'t,i. ,/ —s [a �y�i..ti, •��y7n�k4 -r a�- „...1,-,v r 1r ,, +:� }h!y!tIY{i4 llr 'fey, ' 1.. -.1--,,...,—,--fr.-".t '". y,}, �1M pe i.1 .R' ' i'St�‘” L•: -∎jtr. SYn T-• �^�+.. 4"•r' C t s je r 1 , t�CY n �Pj�u�Y ri C �t.-� i �.. : Iffi- zap..i �' v. "+ > =9.,j � : . 3 1.': .r• t,tyrr •-" _ 7 ;• 3-18. Edmund M. WheelwriEht, shelter and loot-out, Castle Island, Boston, Massachusetts, ca. 1894, presentation drawing of exterior (American Architect, 15 December 1894) .•4rge.,,,,,,:...-., ...........1" .. , . . ...„: .:-T:'--74,- Rq 4:x E r a .: a . i i41YI� —:4= �_ +ra - 2�. cr'.tea ..a" r.. 0ll"'+ z ';...Y :el, 44,1.1.,,,,,.;y.,, .4'4.i�,.7 �+-. t e r� x r :;4110.,7x ., v ..Y';`s , •.cr ,AA�_':� ,1g'4y` w `JI:r 1.,� 4 ':,.Ne �°r+ 'Soo•1.r J .,Ai, F ;�. mom" ,,g a:t-x-w, „ � rg;✓ at ,,.: I+Rry y . i � r 1. ` .ra�� Q " .�u �4,,. iw � A vb�' �a A^;-aqua. n a.;44„..6'.1r7.::>:"..,,--(,::::;:,': o ""a < .!ns'A.: w �i . 44. tr� r� 'k �w `'� '''',x " r 7s: E : 7:„A7 t T 3-19. McKim, Mead and White, Newport Casino, Newport, Rhode Island, 1879-81, exterior detail of courtyard (Sheldon, Artistic Country-Seats , 1886 ) • • -268— architect of Boston, Massachusetts. The design featured two, round, three-story high towers connected to a central two- �•e story structure by a semi-circular colonnade; at the focal point of the colonnade was a tent-covered merry-go-round surmounted by a tall flagpole. There is no indication in the American Architect as to when, or even if, this design was ever constructed; however, even if it had been built previous to its publication, the likelihood of Vivian and Gibb having known about it prior to their design for Renwick Park seems remote. First, the only known instance of either Vivian or Gibb having been in Boston occurred in 1895 when Gibb attended to some personal affairs there.53 Second, the design has some significant differences which suggests an entirely different precedent than those of the Renwick Park pavilions. firm of Wheelwright and Haven, and later in the 1890s , Edward A. Hoyt was added as a third partner in the firm of Wheel- wright, Haven and Hoyt. Beginning in 1891, Wheelwright served for four years as the City Architect of Boston. In 1901, he was elevated to the Fellowship of the American Institute of Architects. Wheelwright died on 15 August 1912 at his home in Dedham, Massachusetts , after suffering a nervous breakdown in 1910. His best known works in Boston were the Horticultural Hall (1900-01) adjacent to McKim, Mead and White ' s Symphony Hall, the Opera House (1908, now destroyed) , and the Larz Anderson Bridge (1900-12) . (Henry F. Withey and Elsie Rath- burn Withey, Biographical Dictionary of American Architects (Deceased ) (Los Angeles, Calif. : New Age Publishing Company) , 1956, pages 648-61+9; Scully, Shingle Style and Stick Style,, 1971, page 106; The Boston Society of Architects, Architecture Boston (Barre, Mass. : Barre Publishing ) , 1976, pages 69 and 172; Arnold Lewis , American Country Houses of the Gilded Age (New York, N. Y. : Dover Publications , Inc. ) , 1982, no pagina- tion. ) 53"Personal Mention," Ithaca Daily Journal, 30 August 1895, page 3. -269- The precedent for the Castle Island shelter and look-out would seem to be McKim, Mead and White 's design for the Newport Casino at Newport, Rhode Island. There is the obvious connection to McKim, Mead and White since Wheelwright had worked for that firm, though apparently a few years after the Casino had been completed. There is also the similarity in plan between the Castle Island structure and the enclosing veranda of the Casino. Additionally, both designs eschew classical references in the detailing of the supporting columns , and the flanking towers at Castle Island are somewhat reminiscent of the bulging clock tower (Figure 3-19) in the courtyard of the Casino. But the one aspect which suggests that the Castle Island design was derived from the Newport Casino and the Renwick Park design from the World 's Columbian Exposition is the siting of the two projects. The pavilions complex at Renwick Park was oriented so that the principal facades faced squarely toward the lake in the same manner that the Peristyle complex faced the main basin of the Court of Honor at the Chicago exposition. The Castle Island shelter, on the other hand, revealed its flank to the waters of Boston Harbor which suggests the Newport Casino, since once the casino building is removed from the composition, the orientation of the veranda is of little consequence. The greatest similarity between the Castle Island shelter and the main pavilions complex at Renwick Park was the semi- circular colonnade; however, this particular architectural -270- device was fairly popular in the late nineteenth century. Not only was it used at the Newport Casino, the Castle Island shelter, and the main pavilions complex at Renwick Park, but Frank Lloyd Wright used this device in 1893 in his relatively obscure design for the municipal boat house at Lake Mendota z for Madison, Wisconsin, and in his unexecuted 1895 project for the Wolf Lake resort near Chicago, Illinois.55 In addition, as previously noted, Charles B. Atwood's unexecuted design for the Peristyle complex was in the form of a semi- circle of thirteen columns. McKim, Mead and White also used the device in their design of 1892 for the library group for New York University at New York city,56 as did Willis Polk with his proposed colonnade and triumphal arch entrance of 1897 to A. Page Brown's Union Depot and Ferry House of 1893-98 at San Francisco, Calif ornia.57 Furthermore, John Van Brunt used this device in his ca. 1896 design for the peristyle in North Terrace Park (now renamed Kessler Park) at Kansas City, 54Grant Carpenter Manson, Frank Lloyd Wright to 1910: The First Golden Age (New York, N. Y. : Van Nostrand Reinhold Company) , 1958, pages 59-61. This was perhaps the only commis- sion that Wright ever received by way of a design competition. 55Manson, Wright to 1910, 1958, Page 85. 56George Humphrey Yetter, "Stanford White at the Univer- sity of Virginia: Some New Light on an Old Question, " Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, volume XL, number 4 (December 1981) , pages 324-325. 57Richard Longstreth, On The Edge Of The World: Four Architects in San Francisco at the Turn of the Century (New York, N. Y. : The Architectural History Foundation-Cambridge, Mass. : The MIT Press) , 1983, pages 21+0-244. -271- rye= Missouri.58 i tit Throughout its twenty-year existence as an amusement park, Renwick Park underwent almost annual change in order to main- "l tain and enhance its patronage from the residents of Ithaca and the surrounding area, which included a name change for a few years in the late 1890s to Renwick Beach. In addition to the many changes already mentioned in connection with the principal pavilions, numerous minor structures were erected. The first of these were the boat and bath houses erected on the park' s 880-foot long pier, as well as a covered steamboat 58Joan L. Michalak, Kansas City (Kansas City, Mo. : The Kansas City Chapter of the American Institute of Architects) , 1979, page 25. John Van Brunt (1855-1925) was one of three sons of G. V. Van Brunt , Commander of the U. S. Navy, who practiced architec- ture during the latter half of the nineteenth century and the early part of the twentieth century. The other two sons were Adriance Van Brunt (1836-1913) and Henry Van Brunt (1832-1903), the latter being the most famous of the three. In the late 188Os, John Van Brunt moved to Kansas City, Missouri, and was associated with Henry Van Brunt in the firm of Van Brunt and Howe. He also served with Adriance Van Brunt for a period as architects for the Kansas City Parks Board, for which they designed : the peristyle in North Terrace Park (J. Van Brunt, ca. 1896) ; the Paseo Pergola (J. Van Brunt, ca. 1899) ; stables building (A. Van Brunt and Brother, 1904) ; and Shelter House No. 1 in Swope Park (A. Van Brunt, 1904-05). John Van Brunt was particularly interested in residential design and was responsible for the designs of the M. E. Dickinson residence, the J. R. Crowe Jr. residence, and the H. L. Root residence, alone, and the S. W. Moore residence, in partnership with Alfred W. Hertz, all at Kansas City, Missouri. (A. D. F. Hamlin, "The American Country House, " The Architectural Record, volume XLII, number 4 (October 1917) , pages 293, 348-149; Fiske Kimball, "The American Country House," The Architectural Record, volume XLVI, number 4 (October 1919) , pages 338, 339 .77—561; Withey and Withey, Biographical Dictionary, 1956 , pages 614-615; Michalak, Kansas City, 1979, pages 25, 32, 109, and 154. ) -272- I landing at the far end of the pier. By 1898, a photo pavilion, fruit stand, and a canvas-topped platform from which buttered popcorn was sold were clustered around the water tower, which were later joined by a bowling pavilion.59 A menagerie was also developed to the southwest of the dancing pavilion, and by 1898, its collection of animals included four very small foxes plus a full-grown one, a woodchuck "with a bad temper," an oppossum, a gray wolf named General Weyler, a number of docile deer, and a bear named 'Rastus which had been at the park since she was a cub.60 By 1900, a merry-go-round was a permanent attraction at the park,61 and it was almost joined by a Ferris wheel, scenic railway, and other mechanical amuse- ments in 1902,62 but these later attractions never did materialize. After 1907, when A. H. Flint of New York city acquired a controlling interest in the Ithaca Street Railway Company, the street railway's interest in Renwick Park declined, and the amusement park was sold to the Renwick Park and Traffic 59See Sanborn Insurance Maps of 1898, 1904, and 1910. 60"At Renwick Beach," Ithaca Daily Journal, 28 May 1898, page 3. As early as 1895, Renwick Park had acquired its first monkeys , an adult male and female plus one offspring, thanks to Mr. Hammond of Hammond and Lawson, lessee of the restaurant pavilion ("Pick-Ups, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 2 July 1895, page 3) . 61"At Renwick Park," Ithaca Daily Journal, 31 March 1900, page 3. 62"Terse Tales, " Ithaca Daily Journal, 30 June 1902, page 7. V -273- Association, which included Edward G. Wyckoff, D. W. Burdick, Franklin C. Cornell, Charles H. Blood and Uri Clark as incor- porators.63 After 1908, vaudeville was discontinued at the park due to the limited seating capacity of the theater and the increasing cost of high-grade vaudeville acts.64 By 1914, the park seemed destined to close like the Cayuga Lake Park at the north end of the lake;65 however, a last effort to rescue the park was attempted by Paul K. Clymer, Theodore W. Wharton and Fitch H. Stevens who incorporated the Renwick Park Amuse- ment Company with a capital stock of $10,000 and with the intention of renovating the grounds and constructing a 2,000- seat outdoor theater.66 This effort fell through, and in the following year, the park was leased to Theodore W. and Leopold D. Wharton of Wharton, Inc. , for use as a motion picture stud io.67 63Abt, Ithaca, 1926, page 132. 64"Renwick Park Is Not To Be Abandoned," Ithaca Daily Journal, 25 March 1908, page 3. 65"Cayuga Lake Park To Be Discontinued?", The Ithaca Journal, 11 March 1914, page 7. This amusement park was operated by the Geneva, Seneca Falls and Auburn Railroad Company which placed a major blame for the park' s annual losses during the last several years of its existence on the cessation of through steam-boat traffic on the lake; the site of this amusement park is now a New York state park. 66"Put Renwick Park on Better Basis as Public Resort, " The Ithaca Journal, 30 April 1914, page 7. 67"Whartons Likely To Lease Renwick Today, " The Ithaca Journal, 5 April 1915, page 7; "Renwick To Lose Its Summer Character, " The Ithaca Journal, 6 April 1915, page 3. The Whartons began the transformation from amusement park to motion picture studio almost immediately by awarding a contract to Driscoll Brothers and Company to remodel the IL -274- Although Renwick Park was no longer available for use by gat the public, it was not forgotten. During the mayoralty of Edwin C. Stewart, the city purchasedthe park in 1921. Mayor Stewart, who had been a leading force in the acquistion of the park, died before his term had expired and left $150,000 for development of the park as a public facility. In turn, Renwick Park was renamed Stewart Park in honor of the mayor. Herman Bergholtz was given the task of overseeing the restora- tion of the extant pavilions which resulted in Stewart Park becoming by 1926 "more beautiful and more extensively patron- ized than ever before. "68 In addition to Renwick Park, Herman Bergholtz and his Scranton financiers began in 1894 the development of Lake View Cemetery on a hillside location just north of the city limits between East Shore Drive and Wyckoff Avenue. The landscape architect was William Webster who modeled Lake View Cemetery along the lines of Spring Grove Cemetery at Cincinnati, Ohio, which Webster ranked as "the handsomest cemetery in the world. "69 former dancing pavilion ("Begin Work On Wharton Studio," The Ithaca Journal, 14 April 1915, page 7) . 68Abt, Ithaca, 1926, pages 146-147. Since Vivian was one of the original architects of the Renwick Park pavilions and was involved with Bergholtz in a number of projects after Bergholtz decided to return permanently to Ithaca in 1909, the possibility does exist that Vivian was also involved in the restoration of the pavilions at Stewart Park. 69„City Chat,” Ithaca Daily Journal, 1 June 1894, page 3. Curiously, in light ow Webster 's reputed association with Olmsted, Spring Grove Cemetery was planned the the talented German-born gardner Adolph Strauch; see Albert Fein, "The 4,. 1Tt.,0 k)h Cyra- olopo ii ,lto 'Of CITY OF ITHACA 1OB EAST GREEN STREET ITHACA, NEW YORK 14850 OFFICE OF TELEPHONE: 272-1713 PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT CODE 607 November 7 , 1983 Francis R. Kowsky Asst . to the Dean of Arts and Humanities State University College at Buffalo 1300 Elmwood Avenue Buffalo , N.Y. 14222 Dear Professor Kowsky , Thank you for the information clarifying the extent and location of holdings of The Olmsted Papers in Brookline. As you suggested, I have contacted both Charles Beveridge and Sherry Berg about recent information that may have come to light . While neither of them were hopeful of finding papers clarifying the firm's possible involvement with the Renwick Park Development in 1894, they have offer- ed to investigate further. Thanks again for the leads, I ' ll be sure to contact you if anything comes to light . Sincerely, tea( Richard Piepe Architectural Conservator RP:bg An Equal Opportunity Employer with an Affirmative Action Program" ` .rt Oi,h i \'•,., • "�'�1' United States Department of the Interior } op- • ;OM NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Frederick Law Olmsted National Historic Site IN REPLY REFER TO: 99 Warren Street 20K Brookline; Massachusetts 02146 RECEIVED November 14, 1983 pINN1NG & DEVELOPMENT NOV2lW83 Richard Pieper Architectural Conservator Department of Planning and Development City Hall, 108 Green Street Ithaca, New York 14850 Dear Mr. Pieper: Shary Page Berg has passed on to me your request for information on Renwick Park in Ithaca, New York. I have been unable to locate any mention of this park as an Olmsted firm job in our various indexes. Our geographical file which lists Olmsted -work by town, lists only Cornell University Agricultural College (Job #5055) and Bryant Fleming (Job #3042). Our indexes and inventories, I must add, are neither up to date nor comprehensive, and it is always possible that plans have been misfiled or remain unrecorded. We are in the process of improving these records, but it will be some time before we can respond to such requests with complete assurance. Good luck with your research, and please let us know if we can be of any assistance. Our archives are open only on a very limited basis at present, but we will be pleased to provide what information we can. Sincerely, Anne E. ordan Museum Technician FOR OFFICE USE ONLY POca-i-e-- BUILDING-STRUCTURE INVENTORY FORM - UNIQUE SITE NO. DIVISION FOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION QUAD NEW YORK STATE PARKS AND RECREATION SERIES ALBANY. .NEW YORK 1518) 474-0479 NEG. NO. YOUR NAME: S. Hector DATE:JOIY 979 YOUR ADDRESS: 108 East Green Street TELEPHONE: 272-1713 ORGANIZATION (if any): Planning and Development Department • ( IDENTIFICATION I. BUILDING NAME(S): Stewart Park Pavillions and Boathouse 2. COUNTY: Tompkins IP3 /CITY: Ithaca VILLAGE: 3. STREET LOCATION: 4. OWNERSHIP: a. ublic P b. private El 5. PRESENT OWNER: City of Ithaca ADDRESS: City Hall , 108 E. Green 6. USE: Original: Amusement Park Present: Park 7. ACCESSIBILITY TO PUBLIC: Exterior visible from public road: Yes ® No ❑ Interior accessible: Explain Public DESCRIPTION K. BUILDING a. clapboard El b. stone ❑ c. brick ❑ d:board and batten El MATERIAL: e. cobblestone ❑ f. shingle:,C3 g. stucco ® other: 9. STRUCTURAL a. wood frame with interlocking joints El SYSTEM: b. wood frame with light members El (if known) c. masonry load bearing walls El d. metal (explain) e. other 10. CONDITION: a. excellent El b. good ❑ c. fair ®C d. deteriorated ❑ I I. INTEGRITY: a. original site ®C b. moved ❑ if so,when? .. c. list major alterations and dates (if known): Not known ! ! 12. PHOTO: 13. MAP: Scale: 1" = 1000' • , •' n t.,' > liAct-(ii st 7 _ r Oil II al ' HP-1 i ltnaca, NI Y t 14. THREATS TO BUILDING: a. none known ❑ b. zoning❑ c. roads ❑ d. developers ❑ e. deterioration a ( i f. other: 15. RELATED OUTBUILDINGS AND PROPERTY: a. barn❑ b. carriage house ❑ c. garage ❑ d. privy ❑ e. shed ❑ 1. greenhouse ❑ g. shop ❑ h. gardens ❑ i. landscape features: Small animal zoo, duck pond j. other: 16. SURROUNDINGS OF THE BUILDING (check more than one if necessary): a.open land ® b. woodland ❑ c.scattered buildings al d.densely built-up ❑ e. commercial ❑ f. industrial ❑ g. residential ❑ h.other: recreational 17. INTERRELATIONSHIP OF BUILDING AND SURROUNDINGS: (Indicate if building or structure is in an historic district) Originally developed as a trolley amusement park, this park has been avail- able for the public's enjoyment for the last 75 years with a brief interrup- tion during its use by the film industry. Its location, at the south end of Cayuga Lake makes it an appropriate public space that should be maintained. 18. OTHER NOTABLE FEATURES OF BUILDING AND SITE (including_ nterior features if know n)• Three shingle style pavilions remain in the park. Eacg is capped by a low- pitched hipped roof supported by exposed rafters, curved at the ends, and all incorporated large semi-circular arches at their ground level . The buildings are listed in order, east to west: - A large square building encircled by a veranda. Three large arches on the north face the water, and two on both the east and west, are comprised of SIGNIFICANCE (see attached sheet) 19. DATE OF INITIAL CONSTRUCTION: C. 1895. ARCHITECT: BUILDER: 20. HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL IMPORTANCE: The only remaining building that was part of the original trolley amusement park development is the main pavilion. The attached map, #1 shows the arrangement of these original buildings. The boathouse was built by Casca- dilla School , a private prepatory school for Cornell University, and was originally used as gymnasium. According to the present headmaster; Mr. Kendall , it was built around 1900, certainly not earlier than 1890. the bathhouse was built between 1910 and 1919 as a studio for the film industry. It was converted to a bath house between 1919 and 1929. (map #2). The tower, one of the original buildings, was built as a water tower with an electric pump. It was destroyed by Hurrican Hazel in 1955. 21. souRCEsFile #500 and #607 - City Clerk of Ithaca Photos from Mr. Barber, Senior Engineer, City of Ithaca. Abt, p. 132 & 162-163, Sanborn Maps. 1910, 1919, 1940. Niedick, Arthur, A Sketch of the Theatres of Ithaca, 1842 - 1942, A Thesis L. ) 22. THEME.: Stewart Park Stewart Park Pavilions & Boathouse Ithaca, NY 18. small glass panes within which double doors are contained. The veranda has double columned supports. - A Bandstand in the form of a small square, with three arches at each side resting on brick piers except at the corners where the supports keep the shingle siding. The interior is horizontal wooden siding. - The Boat House is the most complex in its massing, with an octagonal tower on the north side facing the duck pond. A veranda wraps from the south extend- ing across the full width on the east and covering much of the north side, projecting beneath the lower. This veranda is placed on the second floor level , has exposed rafters beneath and large curved brackets as supports. Stilts lend additional support. Beneath the roofline several layers of horizontal siding act as a cornice and as a decorative break with the shingle siding. On the west are two very\arge arches, the doors composed of diagonal siding; on the east two garage doors, partially glazed, and an open stairway can be seen at the first floor level . This was built by Casca- dilla School and not part of the amusement park development. Other pavilions in the park are: - A Canvas-topped 32-year-old carousel , with aluminum horses and featuring art deco streamlined ornamentation, neon lights, and stacked tulip motif, At the center is a three-sided music box. - An undistinguished cinder block refreshment stand. - A large cinder block and stucco pavilion, built to match the shingle one in scale and proportion, matched at the hipped roof. A large dormer extends across the north, revealing a second-story use. c Mry.♦ y - _„,•40.• • ". , v s.sx i a �. ,.. ~, ' �,e, 3r, -•,•', ,�. . i • r . . ,.,. F1.(• , M �,: ..,.$ � /.,•' .. • --,--..•.--.-.- :..,..,t--.T- . •`may. • ' �•� . . ✓ ........u...-•��� +.✓mile t y., ;mss .y , ;•a r ' Y�xs r i r • ..„s 4 Yt •‘:.-,:...t.-:----'z Y a•t , + eve.,; 7 7 J 4 .-'- t t t ,r.. f S 1• f S r ' • N-.. 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( 1•••• :1,-,- % ''''''' ";[:-‘j '' :::...:•:•: 'k:•:•:•:" ,W.:73''*;:,<7,1:ti• ,•E ' _rill j E ' W i l \ Q [ '�•2T.• F. : i l:: 4 7 ` I . E ----- : •.-% ' '-'-' ",0-+ ne,J„.„.„..;,. ,.. , .:',..c: 1,.., ..,. , s,-..,_:„...:.:,.:.:.: ::.:.: ., . .i.,„ %„........::: , ::.::.::, ,,:),---- , , , i. . ar 4,//•t- N.• E.....\_,,,' INV- 0.04 [ : , ' OA • F' :'r ' • : a•::: q •G t• o liti• Y �.. $t 1 to 1 (-'V } '_ I.••. {i,c • z , .4 lllllll I'S fi I,- _, %, p 51. ,!::! !. A 1 g A 8111 li 1 1 is. tuIW;Ip' SS ic(m 1 iJjJflM. 4 !1 ckc�V��1�I11�1� CC1C1 : Y �, 01;.1.1n llrllnnnul» Zm. �' it �l as i /' I. ' t' 11 ■ 1: s t �v e: { Stewart Park The area now known as Stewart Park was originally part of the James Renwick estate. It was Military Lot No. 88 which had been granted to Andrew Moody of the Revolutionary Army on July 9, 1790. It was then sold to James Renwick on December 12, 1790 and remained in that family, un- developed for 104 years. In the summer of 1894 the owners of the Ithaca Street Railway incorporated a Cayuga Lake Railway Company and purchased the lake property from the Renwick estate. A railway line was built from Railroad Ave. to the lake and Renwick Park, was the terminus for the line. The owners developed forty acres of the property as an amusement park "with lawns, woods and paths laid out by a landscape artist of the firm that planned Central Park in New York City, there was a landing where small boats were rented, a small zoological garden, a theater for vaudeville performances, and a pavillion where 'Patsy' Conway's band gave concerts during the summer months. " (Aa*. , p. 132, See map #1 ) Aware that trolley amusement parks were a passing fad,the new development was promptly sold to a group of local men who incorporated as the Renwick Park and Traffic Association, this group included E.G. Wyckoff, D.W. Burdick, F.C.Cornell , Charles H. Blood and Uri Clark. In 1915, the park was leased from this group by Theodore and Leopold Wharton and remodeled it for film studios. (See map #2) The Whartons first came to Ithaca to film "Dear Old Girl of Mine" a film about college life starring Frances X. Bushman and Beverly Bayne. Attracted by the possibilities provided by the natural setting of Ithaca for film production, Wharton Studios, Inc. was formed and for the next five years a number of films including the series "The Exploits of Elaine" starring Lionel Barrymore and "The Mysteries of Myra" were made in Renwick Park. The lot was sub-leased to the International Film Service and later to the Metro Film Corporation and the Norma Talmadge Corporation. During the war a number of "propa- ganda" films were made here including the Patria series starring Irene Castle and Milton Sills. With the end of the war and the growth of Hollywood the film industry in Ithaca died. In 1921 , the City of Ithaca purchased the property. This occurred during the mayoral term of Edwin C. Stewart who died in office and left $150,000 for development of a park. Herman Bergholtz, the original developer of the park, having owned the trolley company, was hired to restore some of the buildings. He was the electrical engineer who bought control of the street railway and electric light companies in 1891 and started trolley service up East Hill . In 1923, the City purchased the boat house from the Cascadilla School Association and in 1925 some additional land was given to the city by an ex-mayor, Henry St. John. In the early 30's the city undertook some improvements through the WPA project, adding the duck pond, extending the shoreline to the north and improving the inlet. Swimming at Stewart Park was possible until 1961 when it was banned because of the amount of silt and pollution in the water. 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At tit t' fit',.. % 1 Y .; ■, Y y- � N i,,,. ..., ` t a 'q • KS++�Y-y P St' Yr ' `_ "'`Nri \ \' f i s .l. • ?{ ; ``4'. .N ` w . ` t r .e + - U''' Y r ;'a tK t c , . i '* r3 r• '4'� *1* 4"• •• - - � — f. , X ; i. , ' .SCE 1 41-•A►y. s+ , `Y.- • --",---°. ~J� 1 , i — V 41LC 't {gi p•"'• i !` .✓,` �i-' Cutia, C.Robert: 1701 North Cayuga Street, Ithaca N.Y. 273-8364 Director, Ithaca Youth Bureau Ruth Davis, Same as above. above Supervisor (Arts) Jeff Gyrusco;120 North Cayuga Street, Ithaca N.Y. 273-6633 Historic Ithaca, Director Pie � Richard Pager; Architectural Planner, Historic Ithaca,Same as above. John Kieper, 900 East Avenue, Rochester, N.Y.14607 ( 716) 271-3361 Director,. George Eastman House International Museum of K .y€63, . Alas Cul n \-es.kuz., `i Photography (ere,_ AQn cr 5 r,4 r4. hm r,z� yrju < sew- V a ye- cy 1=.1.1-7Ser.C'S ebnr (C &S t-Eccaf- n Walter Stainton (Middle initial H, ) 1735 Ellis Hollow Rd. 5180 Professor Emeritus Reasearcher on Warton Studios. ` cQ c�scz U (�� ✓ f_� Q Q.c �Ca. r,\C/Y� ����-cam c u v .e n S c2 n fi r\c� m . O . Oz �'\eA) \1,\ \guz..∎n c k 1-$-• Cr)cu t-e_ cl i0Th u S k n rte ce C cF �(3� $ ct 0:6 a._ kila A b�s�-�-� - �(Y1ce lC� cs m S e�c m lk.) l In Sp y" k - . e @ c cs- �1l ca s kA Gf t :c ri c( (1 i C t cLAQ_S col/ \Cx,i COX c-� S k rO c,� c� @�i1 Y " r k �' Y'Y)ca( c 2}t e C ∎■n = C �c Q�c cn r�l AC_ cL1'� Se ' VI Vow-Q b�ScS •- 01/ c� .sVl " � c�, St . ,� — SF, 4 Tc is cx-� vv,.<_ Len. r, _,.- Future Contacts -(32-- Scl K s c�„ b �t-c� s Cc�u�cL Mary Tomlan President, Board of Historic Ithaca. J c i - tc, e � (Cu e-c_.0s (s sV COvt S Co L, v\J..0i4 • Calt c l d s_ea . l c GL t S,,ces c ih SLieu..wv� F Mrs. James Buyoucos Summer: Savercool Rd. Trmbg.14886 387-9054 Lki" Winter 316 N. Geneva St. 272-3271 Chairman of Civic projects, Ithaca Garden Club. C1coss,cs Andy Giles Photographer 213 Cascadila Park Ithaca 272- 8402 -- 212 the Commons Barbara Hall W .1EiCT5 Star Street 272-2345 5 Z t3 � ck-m-.2---, W-tSr Y2) «-v) S <<< � , '.( Skip Landon d�, die ca r t aC c,c4-, Tr-(2-0)17-(Q. &e.6-ktte.- -42. r i ? Z I t 1 a I a N I a 1. 1 0 a 1 i I, I a I L d/7 S O B r g O Al • I '-- 4 r I a I .4..iViii I I 04 Q r..-- T --... 4( i�*'HI c A i NI 1 'ued.1sN I J C 1 3 111 ) µ n w= , 0 i JS0///,O9/',sways$W d1MO1 d p1H4f Nf/3.(1/R?OdN1 SjS/W7dd NO ref.7.77r NUW 0 /I Ode0Pyl/.,°N 4'.91/1 11 Z Pare✓vr .\ 41 r. ,ist 1 , • . • •, • .'20 • . • -• . , • I,r J �Gq d 1 1 1 76 1 1 1 i 1 willo REN wrote = Race ° ice. :44 _ F r w cb RENWICK PfIRK K;1 "pMR' i i r/ ,i co ,i I 1b OF S/tlOVO� K st 1 aY{ I TOWER ' ' _ u El .7 CROSSMRN PICTURES /NC. > MOMS P/C)7/RE 377/0/0-0 ;x.' tit _ .., 1_ r 1.,•wuvrPORMr \ 111 1 . Iarra/aasras>�wvrw aca Naar MOOS,.6477/76NO-OOPTVE1W- w U6Y?•OILl«'/p/a S3Y[Er67olY.ORPIO .SYOIIM il54 41'HP 7RNA M07AP 4 �4 ,,� RNYEN A'/MP- aR. C. 4Z CHSCRD/LLI7 SCHOOL RI /7TNLET/C GROUNDS I a -T- '0' tO ale 100 Ft.to One Inch. loo zoo 300 "apripte MO br Mr$.NIrn MY CO , .. •• ■•■•• \ VW ; . 1-1000 1 , - • l '. .. • O � ,fit .. : it h. „mat GAI� UGA LAKE t • TNT 0 NM�twr i Ph. ti! t ., , , ‘.. .111714 I ...A•r ,a,, i 0 S1 t w A►RZ P ARK 1 w�M�RM►� + +++i �. I'' 1 OD Nt 14LIBMIIP t 4.011,! , 4. J:' C'• %, too FUER�'E S C) 11 ” • �r • N. � •oo1 t et* SAVA CTUAaY M. I NEwMAN et ��t 13 I 1 • MATMitAt. , 1 LAMWyse% --,.`. CsROM1TM I r, *Amos MI C A Got-F * 1 t40 I V r1_._. ; , , __... ._ , ._ _ _ . _ - '-----,,- . ----...........,,,, ....,, .., / . .. . . , .. . ....;:• , ' . '\ . itf... 4 . , • .,4.. .K. ■ ,-.4-. '',i ,i.,..:' -0! , ..,i' .' ' . „ ..• 4*>W • '",100407.7r. '1--11:---- ------ .....- - t .■4..' •.4,„. ..- >, % - . , ' . ' ' t ..----- -, ..---- ..„„,,,?!.,,, - -'''''' • „..,-.-:', -.1-'-,-' -',..:"--;-- , ■06( , . ------ _ -41...; , - . , . -,-,==-.' , •"'W 'IP% -4111/....00'-',...1'--- - .,:: - .--' ,,,',.,,r,-4:-%'''',.',. ' II . .., .t .•„-- . • . . . . - •01' ,i , :„.• -- • .. :'4' 1 .......- . , ........-- . ...-------- . \ 6 \ ._.-Z'... .0116.6.CA. •,..774 1.Clr' • ......... ....-- \ \Oh* ■ 'S..-.. .. f. t AT THE southern end of Cayuga lake is a low, level delta.plain faced upon the lakeward side by a sandy beach. A part of this land has been improved and trans- \, formed to a pleasure ground called Renwick Park, to which the people of Ithaca VVV resort in large numbers in the summer, for there is direct electric car connection from the campus to the city and from there to the park. Connected with this is a large boat house where row boats and sail boats are rented ; and from the Ren- wick pier all of the lake steamboats start. These steamboats make frequent trips to the summer er cottages along the lake shore, so that at almost any time of the day l� or evening one is able to take a sail upon the lake. 4 Memo Bob Cutia From Ruth Davis June 1, 1983 John Kieper. Director George Eastman House International Museum of Photography 900 East Ave. Rochester New York 14607 Contacted November 14 , 1982 by Ruth about the idea of a museum for the early Ithaca films at Stewart Park , He was very enthusiastic, Said he keeps in touch with Walter Staiton, and comes to Ithaca once in a while to see Walter. Walter H. Stainton 1735 Ellis Hollow Road Ithaca New York 14850 Ruth contacted Walter 's wife, 4une 1st. She said she was certain Walter would be very interested in the project. Ruth suggested that he meet with John Kieper and Bob Cutia. Mrs. Stainton said that Walter had lots of ole photographs about the film company and some showed the inside and sets at the present location, when it was a movie studio. She also mentioned that Walter had given footage of the old movies to the Museum fo Modern Art, thinking they would take care of the old type of film, but they hadn' t done so. It seems that it spoiled, She did say there was more around. Ruth suggested that Walter be our consultant, and that we promised not to tax his energy by meetings and so forth. She said that was exactly right and that under those circumstances she thought he would be glad to talk to Bob by phone and a meeting later. It seems to me that large photos displayed on the walls with a history read out be each one one be a good start for this project; and if after talking to the two men, we start by involving the county and city Historical organizations, the preservation professors and students at Cornell and perhaps a funding organization such as America The Beautiful through the Arts Council , we shouldn' t have too much trouble establishing this historic, and intrinsic to our park, site. Visitors schoolchildren and the whole community would benifit honoring the early spawning of the movie industry. Museum expertise and photogra- phers like Andy Gilles in this community could be involved. Grants would mean jobs. Work study projects or theses material could be Sterwart Park preservation Film Studio -Contacted in person „ 1983 by Ruth Davis Historic Ithaca 120. North. Cayuga Street Diary Tbmlan President, Board of Historic Ithaca Jeff Gyriscl Director, Historic Ithaca Richard Piper Architect, Preservation, Historic Ithaca Listened to plan for proceedures for investigation a renovation of the building at Stewart Park that was the old movie studio, and agreed to help by investigating the building and coming to a first meeting to act as consultants on what might be needed to proceed with the project. Richard will look at the building, getting the keys from us. John Wilson has keys to the building. Also a DeWitt Historical contact was made. Chris was contacted and is going to set postcards and pictures for us to look at, next week. Helen Blauvelt said that bhere was a lot of books and written material. Chris said that there was so much that they were duplicating scene of the material to meet the demand of people using the collection. Bob asked me to write a letter to John Piper at Eastman asking him to came to a meeting after the 20th. with Walter Stainton. I think it would be good to have Barbara Hall tape Walter in an "on the spot" interview. I ui erstand Walter is writing a book on the movie industry when the studio was used. It would be fine if the projects coincided. ,/ '/ — ./Ifit: ° )41-67----- ?-1A1-*--) "I'd2e7. '1/6f ct`i'ir Notes-Davis June' 16 , Meeting about Park-Warton Restoration. At Youth Bureau at 1:00 John Kisper, Bob Cutia, Ruth Davis After meeting Ruth Took John to park to look at buildings. John felt they should be identified. Meeting: Bob talked about his idea of a museum and how much ist should be done at the park for the community,etc. John mentioned that a film group at Astoria Long Island had a grant to do something concerning early filming in New York state. He also mentioned that vidio should not be overlooked. He said he would kee p his ears open about grants, projects, etc. John said he would be happy to attend a meeting in July. The 14th. at one was decided on. : I I . • I ! S • t t ' Returned phone call to Walter Staiton June 29 . 1983 eitrHe suggested Don Fredrickson, Cornell. Theatrts Department Is counter part of Walter's Cronell position before he retired. Would be very important on films, photos and mezrorabilia. Told Walter Barbara would tape him in August. He agreed. Historical Society Director Greg Williams Walter mentioned that a lot of the material collected is not copywited and original collectors have not been credited. I asked about the old bathhouse building and what it was in the Warton comple Walter said that it was a film studio and that the platforms and 44111ins were (C";,'s ) for cameras. That the ceiling holes and tracts were for lights. He said that the original exterior was hollow tile and that the porches were enclosed. He said that the building was not stucco in those days. The big room was the studio roan, . John Keipper and I saw were the shingles were and assumed that it was a closed porch. I think that Walter said the structure was originally like the existing pavillion. June 29th. Walked through Walton Studio with Richard Pieper. He agreed that the bmmlding in such a prominent place in the • park should be better lookin_g and devoted to people rather than a maintenance garage. We told Denny he was looking at it as the old Warton Studio He saild it will probably be expensive to get to pre-bath house shape. He seemed intersested and &Ld he would continue to do research on the hollow tile and when it was put in. We think we have different info on when it happened and also on where the tower stood. He told me the big house at the end was the cascidila boat house He would like to look at it again and I asked him to come sometime when Bob • could walk through it with him. Radio indicates a p4nk renovation. Time for this project is right, we have to join together effectively. • II I :' � �=r , 11 �1 r ;l • CITY OF ITHACA 1 701 NORTH CAYUGA STREET ITHACA, NEW YORK 14850 OFFICE OF TELEPHONE 273-6364 YOUTH BUREAU CODE 607 TO: Bob Cutia FROM: Ruth Davis RE: Summary of meeting conerning renovations of old bath house building, Stewart Park (once a movie making facility) DATE: July l4 , 1983 PURPOSE: To further explore possibilities of restoring the pavillion and Warton Studio Building; to provide a focal point for the park. PRESENT: ,Bob Cutia Ruth Davis Jeff Gyrisco (Director Historic Ithaca) John Kiepper (Director of International Films, Eastman Kodak) Walter Stainton, Professor Emeritus, Cornell (Authroty on old movie facility) Richard.Piper (Architect, Historic Ithaca) - Absent 1 . Bob Cutia briefed committee about other groups looking into Stewart Park development. He also talked about his long term interest in the Warton Studio renovation. 2. Jeff Gyrisco related that John Kiepper, when visiting the site with Ruth Davis, found the building structurally sound. He mentioned that the loggia (porch) had been closed in at . a point in time, and mentioned the additions of "ceramic tile" . Jeff and Ruth had suggested that this important area should be a focal point of the park, for people to learn about its history and use for viewing films, lectures, etc . Jeff explained the possibility of getting the site on the historic register when Bob Cutia gets authorization for it, and notifies or meets with Jeff, he will put it in motion. 3. Walter Stainton presented old site pictures and showed the actual movie scenes and actors on sets at the pavillion, and adjoining area. Heralso showed some interior scenes. He mentioned that some of the "myths" about the movie days were not authentic but that it was of great importance because it was "a beginning" in the movie industry. It was one of the first "location" sites. "Perils of Pauline" was not shot here, and only parts of other Pearl White silent films were made here. Ar EU.,a!Or.port r r Emp■•yer war ar Af■rmatwe Acton Program _ I - 2 Important actors did come here and it was our exciting time for towns people who were "extras" . Warton was not the only company that used this location, but Warton held the lease. Stainton' s book on the subject is near- ing completion. 4 . John Kiepper suggested that if they did silent films again (saying some were being renovated) that they be shown here as a film festival. The films would be 35 mm, developed with money from the State Arts Council. They would have to be shown under strict regulations. John suggested when we're ready at the park, a tent could be used to get a local orchestra to perform for the movies as was done for Peter Pan, in Ruth Davis ' film series. He would probably start them with Cornell Cinema in the Statler, but thought they should be part of the park renovation program. He felt they would attract a large audience. (We had talked about activiites, video tape, and displays in the bath house renovation at a previous meeting) . He encouraged Ruth' s "now and then" idea, using new video tape projects to supplement the old films. Ruth mentioned approaching Ellen Buyoucos about the Garden Club doing the plantings around the two structures if renovated . • ti 11 i POW j s °4; CITY OF ITHACA 1 701 NORTH CAYUGA STREET ITHACA, NEW YORK 14850 OFFICE OF TELEPHONE: 273-8364 YOUTH BUREAU CODE 607 July 24, 1983 MEMO: C. Robert Cutia, Director, Ithaca Youth Bureau Ruth Davis, Arts Supervisor, Ithaca Youth Bureau Jeff Gyrisco, Director, Historic Ithaca John Kiepper, Director, International Museum of Photography, George Eastman House Richard Piper, Architectural Consultant, Historic Ithaca Walter Stainton, Professor Emeritus, Cornell University CONCERNING: JULY 14TH MEETING: one o'clock at Youth Bureau, Entrance, Stewart Park, Ithaca, NY PURPOSE: To investigate proceedures of preserving buildings and site of the Warton Studio and filming heritage of Renwick Park (new Stewart Park) TENTATIVE AGENDA: (Please add to this meeting any ideas and findings that may help develop this project.) 1. Introductions - 2. Richard Piper: Report of his visiting the site and observations of conditions in regard to restoration. 3. Robert Cutia: Remarks about City conmittment. 4. Jeff Gyrisco: On proceedure of restoration, and funds. 5. Walter Stainton: On the material his research can contribute. 6. John Kiepper: On Museum ideas and funding. 7. Ruth Davis: On stages of proceedure, people to involve, various points of planning. 8. Robert Cutia: Recap and Plans. SELECTION OF NEXT MEETING DATE *Will those unable to attend please notify Chris Brill at the Youth Bureau. Ruth Davis JK An Equal Opportunity Employer with an Affirmative Action Program" i• .. provided as it was done when the restoration of the Clinton House took place. Barclay Jones Prof. of City and Regional Planning Director Urban Regional Studies 111 West Sibley Cornell 502 Turner Place 272-6146 The person who could have done an outstanding job on this was the late Prof. Jacbbs. I don 't know if this man exactly replaces him but he was recommended ,and certainly has knowlAge and input to work study and field students. 0 ..APPr ' .,rs-+..�, 07-.1 tom, r-'''.'„ , �, ... { .' « rte-c`� .1 .. -„ , ,, F C'_j l En ,; . . fit .. i c4 * -- PHILIP M. t White and Associates . - ....J +4... ....o.-mss.._s.ki.,.., x.4____„,..r,...b ..4=-4 mss....-4 s>-n.....w..... Horticultural Cr Arboricultural Consulting•New York State Licensed Landscape Architect Mecklenburg,N.Y. 14863 •Telephone(607)387-7O2Z 6370 August 15, 1986 Nis. Leslie Chatterton Coordinator Ithaca Landmarks Preservation Commission 108 East Green Street Ithaca, New York 14850 Dear MS. Chatterton: This concerns the public uproar about changing Stewart Park "for the better.” In my opinion, it really needs only a few minor changes. Other cities have named parks historical monuments to prevent such drastic changes as are proposed for Stewart Park (i.e. , Highland Park in Rochester, the Commons in Boston, Central Park in New York, etc.), While Stewart Park is not of their scale, nevertheless, to the smaller Ithaca community, it is fine "as is.” As one old enough to remember the Old Wharton Studios, the skeet shooting range on the shore, and the old City baseball league games, it seems that Stewart has had enough change to bring it into the 21st century without several million dollars of so-called "improvements." Wouldn't it be appropriate at this tine to have your commission designate the park as an historical landmark? Sir rely, -t - ....,-.2 Philip M.JWhite August 14 , 1986 Ithaca Landmarks Preservation Commission R .I.;_._�4s_' Leslie Chatterton, Coordinator 108 East Green Street Ithaca, New York 14850 ! To: Members of the Landmarks Commission : The preservation of Stewart Park and its protection from a drastic transformation contemplated by the City of Ithaca have become necessary. Because the park is a precious resource for the entire community, unique in its site and natural beauty, I believe that the Landmarks Preservation Commission should bring its historical pre- spective to bear on this issue. Stewart Park deserves to be given landmark status. Since 1894 , when it was first shaped as Renwick Amusement Park, it has been the chief area of recreation for residents of Ithaca. From this period date the dance and picnic pavilions , one of which was later rented by Wharton , Inc. for producing silent films. In another section of the present park, the Cascadilla School built its boathouse, a major building that has been called ` Ithaca' s most striking example of the Shingle Style of architecture. " Plans to rehabilitate or modify these buildings , or change the use they have at present, ought to have the oversight of the Landmarks Commission. Even without its buildings , the park would merit landmark designa- tion. Its effective, open design and informal landscaping, its swings and benches and duckpond, allow people to congregate easily with their families and to enjoy the lakefront in tranquillity throughout the seasons. More than ever, our busy city life requires this free space that has served us so well for ninety years . Various gifts of monuments , trees and a rose garden by individuals and civic groups all have their place in the present park. Again, the LandmarksCommission is the appropriate body to consider proposals to remove or relocate these gifts . In this letter I do not speak for any group. My interest in the heritage and progress of Ithaca has , however, led me to membership in several civic organizations . I have been a board member of Historic Ithaca, the DeWitt Historical Society and the Ithaca Garden Club. I greatly respect the work of the Landmarks Commission in safeguarding our common heritage. Sincerely yours , \\^ c- Mary Ellen Buyoucos 316 North Geneva Street Ithaca, New York 14850 • l�,r'd «•,,�1,11 Q1WE 1fl `117 t,P 'S\ORA7E0`q CITY OF ITHACA 108 EAST GREEN STREET ITHACA, NEW YORK 14850 DEPARTMENT OF TELEPHONE:272-1713 PLANNING &DEVELOPMENT CODE 607 H.MATTHYS VAN CORT•DIRECTOR MEMORANDUM To: Ithaca Landmarks Preservation Commission From: Susan J. Cummings, Council ( /-1 Re: Stewart Park Buildings , t Date: September 17, 1986 I would like to request that the ILPC consider designation of the Stewart Park buildings. This action has been suggested a number of times in the past several years both by the Commission and by members of the public, but has been repeatedly sidetracked by more pressing business . As I indicated to the Commission several months ago the buildings would seem to me to be eligible, and, in addition, with the passage of the Environment Bond Act money would be available for assistance to municipally- owned landmarks. These wonderful structures are in tremendous need of our carefully guided care. I am assuming that this suffices as a formal request for designation and should get the process moving. Let me know your initial thoughts on this matter so that I can report to the Planning and Development Committee next week. SJC/mc cc: Mayor John C. Gutenberger Common Council Superintendent of Public Works J. Dougherty Board of Public Works Historic Ithaca An Equal Opportunity Employer with an Affirmative Action Program" ITU4'' •'= I�1Jli :•'�'s s 11111\`\ „..- CITY OF ITHACA 108 EAST GREEN STREET ITHACA, NEW YORK 14850 ITHACA LANDMARKS TELEPHONE: 272-1713 PRESERVATION COMMISSION CODE 607 STEWART PARK SITE VISIT AUGUST 18, 1987 I. 1894-1915 Trolley Park/Cascadilla School A. construction of Cayuga Lake branch of Ithaca Street Railway B. William Webster, landscape architect: 1) Two north and south boulevards above lake road on the hill(?) 2 ) formal entrance garden south and east of the pavilions, large raised flower bed w/moat (site of present flag pole?) 3) park land to south remained wooded 4) carriage entry and road along the lake shore 5) lawns and turnaround between lake shore road and tracks to south C. trolley stopped south of the tower D. survives; pavilions, teahouse no longer survives; pier, pier boathouses, water tower, and bandstand never built; colonnade E. tower located between two pavilions F. bandstand on north side of court G. menagerie south/southwest of dancing pavilion relocated to west of lagoon H. 1896 completion of Cascadilla Boathouse I . 1896 stage added to dancing pavilion J. 1913 Renwick wildwood bird sanctuary (Fuertes) K. 1917 concrete arch constructed at southern entrance to sanctuary II. Wharton Movie Studio 1915-1920 A. conversion of dancing pavilion/theater to studio B. construction of storage buildings (none survive) III. Municipal Park 1921 A. 1921 removal of trolley tracks B. conversion of "studio" to athletic building "An Equal Opportunity Employer with an Affirmative Action Program" -2- C. introduction of automobile entrance and drive along southern edge D. land between North Cayuga St. and RR acquired to provide direct auto access from City streets E. channel connected to the lagoon F. Lake shore road truncated/remained as lakefront parking area G. 1923 City purchase of Cascadilla School property H. Park Road extended to form a loop around the old track I. headland stabilized and enclosed for bird refuge J. Russell Van Nest Black Planning Study, includes Stewart Park K. 1927 Stewart memorial flagpole south of pavilion group, set in formal garden recalling trolley era entrance garden IV. 1934 Hewitt and Metzger Plan/Work Relief projects A. eastern range of tennis courts B. bathing ramp C. construction of pedestrian suspension bridges D. land between Fall Creek and Inlet graded, drainage systems installed E. golf course laid out and seeded TO: Interested Parties FROM: John M. Bacon, Architectural Conservator ,15.4.Conservator i . RE: Stewart Park Landmark Designation DATE: 12 October 1987 This memorandum will sum up the"research Historic Ithaca has been performing with respect to the Stewart Park designation. The Ithaca Landmarks Preservation Commission (ILPC) recommended the designation of the entire park for local landmark status at its 24 August meeting. This recommendation was forwarded to the Planning and Development Board (PDB) for consideration at their 22 September meeting. The PDB voted to send the recommendation back to the ILPC for further consideration. The PDB members stated that the case for the entire park was not clear enough, i.e. they would not argue with the designation of the buildings, but feel that the landscape either doesn't merit landmark status or should not otherwise be involved in the ILPC process. In general, it appears that the board members are unsure how and if the ILPC would/should review a landmark composed of both buildings and historic landscapes. It should be noted that the ILPC expressed similar reservations during the initial designation hearing in August (which no PDB member attended) . With this background in mind, Historic Ithaca has contacted other municipalities were city-owned and -maintained parks have been or are in the process of being designated as local landmarks. The contacts have been primarily with representatives of the landmarks boards in the cities selected. Specific questions about the method of designation, review procedures, and relation to "normal maintenance" were asked. The results of this survey are presented in Appendix I. In all but one city (Albany) the person or persons contacted felt that designation was beneficial to the park and city as a whole. There was no apparent animosity or major problems with the relationship between the landmarks boards and the parks and other maintenance departments. But in the cities without well- defined standards and criteria for evaluation and review (i.e. all those except Boston, New York City, and hopefully Syracuse) , the landmark review process does not run as smoothly as preservationists might hope. This appears especially true in Buffalo; without the Friends of Olmsted Parks watching the process, it is uncertain what might happen to the city-owned and -maintained Olmsted parks. Thus designation is not the problem in other cities; in fact, it appears to be the rule. Once designated, carefully worked-out standards and criteria appear to be the key to regular and successful review of landmark parks. Of course, the Secretary of the Interior' s "Standards for Rehabilitation and Guidelines for Rehabilitating Historic Buildings" (1983 edition) contain useful if general standards for historic landscapes. These are found in the sections on "Building Site" and "District/Neighborhood" (Appendix II) . The "District/Neighborhood" section states, "The relationship between historic buildings, and streetscape and landscape features within a historic district or neighborhood helps to define the historic character and therefore should always be a part of the rehabilitation plans. " Further, it recommends, "Identifying, retaining, and preserving buildings, and streetscape, and landscape features which are important in defining the overall historic character of the district or neighborhood. Such features can include streets, alleys, paving, walkways, street lights, signs, benches, parks and gardens, and trees. " The section goes on to recommend replacement in kind, maintenance, and other basic preservation measures. Then it addresses the more difficult questions of "design for missing historic features" and "alterations/additions for the new use. " The advice in these sub- 12 October 1987 page 2 sections is clear and reasonable and can be used to create a set of standards from which both general and specific criteria can be derived. The Secretary of the Interior' s "Standards" are the most widely-accepted and "official" in use, and their provisions for historic landscape and building sites are explicit and useful. The City of Boston has developed such a system of standards for designated landmarks from which specific criteria for each are derived (Appendix III) . The 1983 Boston Landmarks Commission report on the potential designation of Back Bay Fens for landmark status provides an excellent example of these standards and criteria. The report contains the following sections: location of the property including map, description, significance, economic status, planning context, alternative approaches, recommendations, bibliography, general standards and criteria, and specific standards and criteria (these last two sections form Appendix IV) . The general standards and criteria could very easily be applied to Stewart Park and other historic landscapes/sites in Ithaca. Similarly, the specific standards and criteria cover much the same activities that would be under review in Stewart Park. Historic Ithaca also retains the reports for the Boston Common and Franklin Park, where the standards and criteria are slightly different. The Boston reports present a compelling model and are not actually that complex. They seem to be effective and are deemed adequate by both the landmarks and maintenance people (per phone conversations) . A similar system could be employed in Ithaca, with the participation of the ILPC, Department of Public Works (DPW) , and other interested organizations. Historic Ithaca has recently broached the subject with members from these groups. Two related problems have emerged that have led people to hesitate to sit down and even begin to discuss a system of standards and criteria for Stewart Park. The first of these is the still incomplete set of guidelines being produced by Trowbridge & Trowbridge in consultation with the Stewart Park Advisory Group (SPAG) . SPAG has not met in several months and not yet been able to vote on the revised guidelines. One person contacted suggested that SPAG might be the group to discuss and develop standards and criteria-- if they are not addressed in the guidelines. The other major variable is the proposed Parks Commission, which will almost certainly become a reality (but when?! ) . The relationship between the Parks Commission and the DPW has not been adequately defined to date. The final set of guidelines will hopefully offer suggestions for some of these questions. In the meantime, a set of standards and criteria could be developed by the ILPC and the DPW, so that the nomination can be advanced and finally decided upon. It is unclear how long a recommendation from the ILPC stays "alive" without action by the PDB or the Common Council. Part of this effort should also explain that the functioning of the ILPC and its relation to the PDB and the Common Council. The ILPC has an unnecessarily negative image among some uninformed people involved in this process. Appendix V presents a rough outline of for a set of standards and criteria for Stewart Park, based largely on the Boston reports and conversations with Robert Page of the Syracuse Landmark Preservation Board. Mr. Page is going through this very process with the Syracuse Department of Parks for already-designated Upper Onondaga Park in that city. Perhaps this material can be presented to the ILPC at its 21 October meeting. � ti 11 °1_ 1 icj ® 1r4 * Miran CITY OF ITHACA 1 OB EAST GREEN STREET ITHACA, NEW YORK 14850 OFFICE OF TELEPHONE. 272-1713 CITY ATTORNEY CODE 607 MEMORANDUM 10: leslie A. • -tterton, Planning Department Fia'l: - , City Attorney Imo:: • ...- 20, 1987 SUBJECT: Stewart Park Designation This is in response to your memo of October 15th on this natter. Since it appears that you are going to modify the designation, I suggest you treat the fi cation as a new designation and follow the procedure, including filing with Clo®mn Council, closely. 1 :blh An Equal Opportunity Employer with an Affirmative Action Program '� ITS'1111'4 RECEIVED NOV 23 1981 • yc�R°�RATEO�00' CITY OF ITHACA 108 EAST GREEN STREET ITHACA, NEW YORK 14850 ITHACA LANDMARKS TELEPHONE 272-1713 PRESERVATION COMMISSION CODE 607 TO: Mayor Gutenberger , Common Council , Planning Board FROM: Leslie Chatterton �11Z- RE: Stewart Park Landmark Designation DATE: November 20, 1987 At the regular monthly meeting held on November 18, 1987 the Ithaca Landmarks Preservation Commission voted to withdraw the August 24, 1987 recommendation to designate Stewart Park as a local landmark. • The Commission as directed by the Planning Board is currently working to refine and clarify the designation and will hold a public hearing on the modified proposal within the next two months. LAC:eh 0-hd-STEPK.LAC An Equal Opportunity Employer with an Affirmative Action Program" 1 y i .,=,\. l i Q.k. n P - u_v-( te-ce .- Le s cry 4c) . kettft-kc-6YityQrusefk*T Lc3-12u2-0-- A---- C .J.ic difc_ 42_J. _ (c-t I ct'Z' 75 -e_9_. t 9-Q11 1 C Q 4, PaoLej P,0 S oC.c_5 Vl L r) -- ie, t e__s2. ry) rri e Kr-Livc_cLit.A., k-ez__,,__ ry-)ciaCe_ dyn(--2,-c_a—s2 VG Q- c ),-Q c --"A0 AA. (\327 .--k-d Vey. On-) et< %" TOLL) • c CA/A C-1-)0a-S C_-_>o---er--) • r Tge - -dIA--e:-(--Q.' (SLiaL--0 -J2--S .( (----- 6\x Q( iY1c/Uc t CO + . . -L Gt S CQ Mc( v< e n L('-)C2t3--ark....L .k---Cc r1 C4./1 e) \AcQ C ( � 7 ce -c17t,- 4 ryze� C ti a"N e ,n c \'c, asol 1 lac yr, 0-1 a v ti,__Q,,-- Rev (y)(.l (rt c(L_ vlci a 1 Cam\ c C2s_iL Yc eS .ot or, - -e'c-a,_< < (d-.c= _St L c fie P \n c \k CIA cm n C v S ( s\n C-f ff)k ►,ci .,,ti, _ g` 43-k_. lecs.22 at-FezA_cce-A— 4 ae4. g-vtd--- A (-0, — C C _ _ \oo<Ll 01 c> ee�( hil sc m s-. c , _ t ( r1 ct W-2,_Q__ ' S 4)_ CYO r--- , ?e Vncm --\-- _ fczoe. eft( v ,,Lr k rTh -ems :y_ A` . , Ur-- __is __a- _ . \ Vic' c 9 QUO ..' 6-ef\AQ.S . A k in L * lam_ c c V-iYI - v^E t v -- � _ on - tI V kczots, \ cPti.s ...A l 'ot._)--1.__-<:) cry,,,t.,,,,L9,-, , �()`S , RS2� CLD- Metysi„y(c_.\-„,„,• &!r) _ J\` ' \CM c vu-) �` c . ce r■ e\L. Le crwlekRK: --; If Stewaet Park could talk. thr s'ories mull fill a book. It's been a ;hjpping r' part. a movie studio. a trolley, station C r eui An amusement park. But mostly !: St_w?rt Park has spent the 20th century in the sl^e car'acity as today A place Jfor recreation. Stewart Prrk is named after former Ith?ca 9ry r ant State Senator Edwin C. Stewart. t-- who in his will created A trust fund for :J preservation of the perk. a 39-acre snreae on the southern edge of Cayuga Lake. It was oric'inally known as Port P.envick and later Renwick Park. In 1790 r.ajor �. Janes !',en' ick of New York City purch?se F01 acres from the orininal devolutionary .:- War lane tract orantee- Pnctrev 'ioodie an,' opened a shall port on the property's southeast corner. In the lest I^^?s the Cayuga Lake Railway Company purchased the property_ and in — 119t built an electric trolley leaeino from town to the lake. They developed U an amuse 'ent park there, with a theater for vaudeville performances a pavillion for sorer concerts, docks for boat rental and a smell zoo. " version of the -t 4 ,- x y zoo still exists today. . " ' In nit the next owner the Renwick Park 1- • ' -.4 gL tof and Traffic Association, rented the site ; - • to tlherton Studios Inc. which made w P. ; , ; movies on the lake's shore for five ' – years. Screen personalities were fre- :s ''� ;; quently seen in Ithaca • early movie 1 ' di.: ere?t5 <IIch as Pe-r1 '-`Hite Lionel '?rrry- -�:__ more -starred in Ithaca films. It'ticrns - from 1 '1A to 1919 often played extras' . - :4 , .",., in the Mrs. a i( - But by the en' of the deca1e the park • y was deteriorating. t'hen the City nur- y :` chased it in the 1920s. most of the ny :: ' pp builc�inns niers and pavillions were run •it dor:n. The lawns were overgrown. an(' the lendscane was disfinured with picture sets and old shacks. ` ;- i ,. , In his will Stewart left a S10r7.Y)C trust I' t '. to be user for the renovation of the park. a _ j-. Today it has tennis courts. baseball fiel^ z a swingsets and acres of lawn and oicnic are i lis gr . .` cr li1 t : t And once. lthaeans could scrim off the 17. park's shore. Not any Wore. In i '(3 I s% inrinn vas banned because of the rurky a conr4ition of the water. v i t • p ( Reprinted by rerrlssion of John 'wines t Ithaca Journal staff). - t _ c ? ' At the t�resent time. the City of Ithaca I . i. has uncier study najnr renovations for Stewrrt Perk. v, STEW!.4T PARK: o —7 If Steaa%# Park cc l e WI . the t'ories 4— wc',l'f fill a boot. It's been a shtppinrt cc) p'+rt. e movie stueio. a trolley station cni an amusement park. Gut mostly ,q Stewart Park has vent the 20th century 1-7: in the same caracity as today A place for recreation. Stewart Prrk is named after former Ithaca -iaycr ane State Senator E&'in C. Ste'- rt. who in his will created a trust fund for preservation of the park. a 39-acre snreac+ on the southern edge of Cayuga Lake. It was originally known as Port P.envick and later Remick Park. In 1790 !ajor r:. Jams Remick of New York City purchased FO acres fron the original Revolutionary yam, War lane tract grantee. Pnc+rev 'ioodie any' opened a shall port on the property's Cel • southeast corner. In the last I"^'1s the Cayuga Lake Railway Company purchaser the property_ and in 119a built an electric trolley leading frog town to the lake. They developed r an anuse^ent park there, with a theater for vaudeville performances a pavillion for surrey concerts. docks for boat rental and a snail zoo. version of the zoo still exists today. `3 In 1�1e the next owner the Renwick Perk i . _,, ' i_ and Traffic Association, rented the site _ y " a which rade -- -.,:k to fh rioa Stueios Inc. :- movies on the lake's shore for five Q .. ! rs • .j Y . years. Screen Personalities were fee- 4uentiy seen in Ithaca- early movie 1 . '�'' erects s!"ch as Pe-rl ,.`Mite Lionel "rrry- 1.�. 11ore starred in Ithaca films. It'�'ce"►s r ; li •• f -- fror 191A to 1.19 often played extras' ='= in the fiirs. rf F- r Ih_.-�.f ,� But by the ene a ' of the decade the park s was deteriorating. t Mhen the City nur- chased it in the 1920s. most of the �: builcsinns niers and pavillions were run _ r' ~- e - down. The lawns were overgrown. an the Y Ti: landscape was disfigured with picture ALL, sets and old shacks. ;t; In his rill Stewart left a S100•'9" trust fi` r_: . to be user' for the renovation of the park. >: _.� : Today it has tennis courts. baseball fief z ; - : . _ € - swinnsets and acres of lawn and picnic are r. . .�; „e=y. And once_ Ithacsns coulr4 swim off the - : • park's shore. Not any pore. In I�'C3. # _ _ =_ swirrin" vas banned because of the rurky a t eonc+ition of the water. v -� j • • (Reprinted by remission of John 'iaines oc Ithaca Journal staff). �- $ t - e. i fp- ' ' At the rresent tine. the City of Ithaca f has under stuey major renovations for Stewart Park. HWiTf g RNEW_ LETTERR g No. 2 -- Summer 1984 FIRST RENWICK PARK, NOW STEWART PARK : A Bit of Its Past . . . As we Tompkins Countians head for the cool resources and people for her material . The spots this summer, during our hottest months complete inventory is available at the of the year, one of the most popular stops Museum for your future reference. in the area is our lovely Stewart Park. The area now known as Stewart Park was While it is used all year around, this is originally part of the James Renwick estate. certainly its busiest time and we thought It was Military Lot No. 88 which had been you would like to know something more about granted to Andrew Moody of the Revolutionary it. The following information has come Army on July 9, 1790. It was then sold to primarily from the inventory form researched James Renwick on Dec. 12, 1790, and remained by Sarah Hector for the Division of Historic in that family, undeveloped for 104 years. Preservation of the NYS Parks and Recreation In the summer of 1894, the owners of the Dept. in Albany, who drew on a number of Ithaca Street Railway incorporated a Cayuga ' Lake Railway Company and purchased the lake property from the Renwick estate. A rail - ICE CREAM SOCIAL way line was built from Railroad Avenue to the lake and Renwick Park was the terminus Yum, yum! The 5th Annual Ice Cream for the line. The owners developed 40 acres of the property as an amusement park "with Social will be held Sunday, August 5, lawns, woods, and paths laid out by a land- from 5:00-7:30 p.m. , at our beautiful scape artist of the firm that planned Central Eight Square School on Hanshaw Road. As Park in New York City. There was a landing before, members of the Society and their where small boats were rented, a small zoo- families are invited. It is free and one logical garden, a theater for vaudeville of our most popular events. We handcrank performances, and a pavilion where 'Patsy' a number of terrific flavors, have plenty Conway's band gave concerts during the of goodies for making your own sundae (a summer months." Aware that trolley amuse- grand Ithaca tradition! ) , and hope you ment parks were a passing fad, they promptly will also take the time to admire our sold the new development to a group of handsome octagonal schoolhouse. local men who incorporated as the Renwick Manual ice cream machines are welcome Park and Traffic Association -- this group -- as are people to crank them. If you included E.G. Wyckoff, D.W. Burdick, F.C. wish to help with the festivities, please Cornell , Charles H. Blood and Uri Clark. leave your name and telephone number .with In 1915, the park was leased from this us at the DeWitt offices (273-8284) . group by Theodore and Leopold Wharton and YOUR R.S.V.P. IS REQUIRED if you plan remodeled for film studios. The Whartons to attend so we know how many people to first came to Ithaca to film "Dear Old Girl plan for. Call the DeWitt by August 3. of Mine," a film about college life See you there! ! ! (continued on page 4) 2 Summer 1984 Newsletter GRANT AWARDED FOR FIFTH YEAR IN MEMORIAM For the fifth year in a row, the DeWitt The Society lost another long-time friend has been awarded a grant by the Institute this Spring with the death of Rebecca Harris of Museum Services (IMS) , a federal agency. in May. The award of $12,082 will be applied toward She was a 1913 graduate of Cornell and staff salaries, the purchase of materials was later librarian in the School of Archi- and supplies for the conservation of collec- tecture until her retirement. Miss Harris tions, and materials for the production of was an active supporter of several brganiza- new slide shows and loan kits, tions in Ithaca, including the Paleontologi- Only 530 museums were awarded IMS grants cal Research Institution (which her father this year, out of 1 ,245 applicants. The founded) , the Cornell Women's Club of Ithaca, DeWitt's five-year track record attests to and the Cornell Public Library, as well as its continued growth in all areas and good the DeWitt. She had been a member of the work in the past. DeWitt for many, many years, had been our "clipping service" also for a long time, was a former Trustee and valuable counsel . OUR MEMBERSHIP IS GROWING We miss her. A warm welcome to all our recent new DON'T FORGET TO BITE YOUR BYTE! members -- it is a pleasure to have you join: George and Helen Bayer; Col . James Contributions to the Computer Fund are H. Hoag; Erich Sachse; Margaret Jacobs; coming in nicely now. If you haven't given Frederick L. Billard; Jean M. Cookingham; to this important project and wish to, we George and Anne Maloy; Dorothy N. Miller; would like to hear from you soon! Remember, Barbara Bundy; Roger A. Morse and family; one computer byte is a mere $25.00 -- bite Mrs. Charles Keirns; Joann, Michael , and off a few for us now! Sara Schaff; Roger and Irene Gleason; Paul H. Harrington; Laurie and Alan J. Hahn; CURRENT EXHIBITS William Jorgensen; Charlotte and Ronnie Coffman; William H. Gilmore; Julee Johnson; *"Brava Italia ! - Italians in Tompkins County, Mrs. Donald H. Bush; Heather M. Tallman; 1800s-1980s" (Opens July 21 ) Mr. and Mrs. Ed S. Hill ; Daisy Kirkpatrick; *"Without Knife or Pain : 19th Century Alterna- Priscilla D. Grout; John and Jane Bradt; tive Medicine in Tompkins County" (Opens H. G. Johnson; Nancy L. Ross; M. Lou Mc- July 28) [Concurrent with exhibit at Isaac; Jan Drier; Eric B. Nelson; Donald Hinckley Museum; see article elsewhere.] and Elizabeth MacKenzie; Doris M. Edwards; "Maple Sugaring" - illustrated with photos by Donald B. Smith; Elwood L. Peters; David W. Verne Morton. (Up through October. ) Fuller; Mary M. Benson; Sue Battaglini ; "Bake in a Gentle Oven" - 19th century baking Michael E. Lane; Ellen Vanas and William utensils , cooking equipment. (Up through Gertzog; Alice Martin; Edna R. Clausen; through September. ) Helen M. DeGraff; Clayton R. Smith; Anna *"Handed Down: Traditional Artists in the Mon- Lounsbery; and Madeline E. Grover. tessori School " - objects made by stu- We look forward to seeing you at Society dents in the folk artist program, with events coming up! objects from the DeWitt's collections (including the Tompkins County Bicen- * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * tennial Quilt) . (Opens July 17) "Mother's Day" - mothers and children photo- This Newsletter is published quarterly by graphed at the turn-of-the-century. the DeWitt Historical Society of Tompkins (Up through September) County, located in the Clinton House, 116 "William H. Miller: An Ithaca Architect and N. Cayuga Street, Ithaca, NY 14850 (607/ His Clients" - photographs , documents; 273-8284) . Margaret C. Hobbie, Director. with self-guided walking tour pamphlet Hours for the Museum are: 12:30-5:00 p.m. , p P• . , now available at no charge. (Up through Tuesday-Saturday. Membership information December) is available at our front desk or by contact- *"Teddy Bears' Picnic" (in the Collector' s ing us. A number of publications and other Kiosk, opening July 31 ) items of local and regional interest are available at the Museum desk. Members re- This has been a busy Spring and Summer, with ceive a 10% discount on sales items. many new (*) exhibits going up. We hope you will come in and browse! * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Summer 1984 Newsletter 3 RECENT ACQUISITIONS . . . (by Shannon O'Dell , Curator of Collections) Some 46 donations to the collections and archives since January 1 , 1984, have been made. Approximately 75% of these are archival and/or photographic materials. We are pleased to briefly list below some of the items which have come in to us. Of course the generosity of these donations to our collections are deeply appreciated! 84.21 H. Hill Jewelers jewelry box - from Ariel Burchard. 84.22 Photos of steamers and of Roy Shurger - from Lois Shurger Jayne. 84.23 Two 1912 Primary ballots - from the Dept. of Manuscripts/Archives, Cornell . 84.24 The Park Baptist Newsletter, 1889 - from Helen M. Hanmer. 84.25 Photograph of Henry Stutz - from Annette S. Page. 84.26 Photographs of Ithaca area and Cornell , and others by Ithaca photographers - from Margaret Hobbie 84.27 Four books published in Ithaca - from Lois O'Connor. 84.28 Brownie camera, laundry bag, letter - from John Marcham. 84.30 Diaries written by Viola Cruthers, 1920-31 - from Dr. and Mrs. James Hoffmire. 84.31 Dr. Humphrey's Manual , c. 1935; Ithaca City Board of Health Sanitary Code, 1938; "Quiz Me" game, 1938; Teachers Notebook of Laura Bryant' s, 1930s, of East Hill School - from Helen Avery. 84.32 Householder' s sugar card, 1918-19 - from Robert Brown. 84.33 Receipt to Liberty H. Bailey from Ithaca City Hospital - from Annette Page. 84.35 Early 20th century man's suit and suit coat - from Florence Townsend. 84.36 Photos and booklets relating to Ithaca Fire Dept. #3 - from Sally Gillette. 84.39 1960s man's lounging robe - from Anne Baldwin. 84.40 Photos relating to the Union Hotel on Cayuga Street - from Dr. Jane Carboni . 84.41 Archival and photographic material from the estate of Helen White Coryell -- from Brianwood Antiques. 84.43 Clinton family photos, glass plate negatives, IFD annual reports - from Gordon Clinton. 84.44 1905 Annual Greeting of Journal Carrier Boys - from Connie Hill . 84.45 Romeyn Berry's hayrake, pair of straight razors - from Anne G. Baldwin. 84.46 Ithaca Candy Shop box, ca. 1920s - from Leo Georgiou. 84.47 Ca. 1970s baby clothing - from Gretchen Sachse. 84.48 Early 20th century light bulbs, truss, bedpan - from Annette S. Page. 84.49 Lantern slide of Roberts Hall , Cornell - from William Roberts Shaw. Items needed for our collection: ceramic mixing bowls; cooking utensils from the early 20th century; old quilting equipment such as templates, frame; mens work clothing from the 20th century; any letters, photos, military clothing of a local Vietnam veteran; diaries, journals by men, women, and children, particularly relating to Tompkins County. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ANNUAL LACE DAY PLANNED WANTED: For research purposes only, the The sponsored by location of any spinning wheels or related he 4th Annual LACE DAY, s P Y the equipment signed GREGG, WILLIAMS, or FARN- Society and the Finger Lakes Lace Guild will HAM. Please contact: Peter Farnham, be held on Saturday, Sept. 8, from 11-4:30 Chenango Co. Historical Society, 55 Rex- p.m. , at the Museum. It is free and open to ford Street, Norwich, NY 13815. the public, and has been a well-attended event in the past. There will be bobbin lace-making demon- "Origin of Place Names" to be Reprinted strations, a do-it-yourself table, lace on display, and much more. The featured speaker The Society is in the process of reprint- is Carolyn Pierce from the Chesapeake Re- ing W. Glenn Norris ' wonderful Origin of gional Lace Guild who will address "Lace Place Names of Tompkins County, with a new Identification." Visitors are encouraged to Preface by Lois O'Connor. One of our most bring in their own laces for identification popular publications, it has been out-of- and discussion. More information: Holly Van print since Christmas. Sciver, 277-0498. Copies should be available in mid-August. 4 Summer 1984 Newsletter FROM RENWICK TO STEWART PARK. . . (continued from page 1 ) starring Frances X. Bushman and Beverly buildings. He was the electrical engineer Bayne. Attracted by the possibilities pro- who bought control of the street railway and vided by the natural setting of Ithaca for electric light companies in 1891 and started film production, Wharton Studios, Inc. , was trolley service up East Hill . In 1923, the formed and for the next five years a number of films (including the series "The Exploits City purchased the boat house from the Cas- cadilla School Association and in 1925 some of Elaine" starring Lionel Barrymore and "The additional land was given to the city by an The Mysteries of Myra") were made in Ren- ex-mayor, Henry St. John. wick Park. In the early 1930s, the City undertook The lot was sub-leased to the Interna- some improvements through the WPA Project, tional Film Service and later to the Metro adding the duck pond, extending the shore- Film Corporation and the Norma Talmadge Cor- line to the north and improving the inlet. poration. During the war, a number of "pro- Swimming at Stewart Park was possible until paganda" films were made here including the 1961 when it was banned because of the Patria series starring Irene Castle and amount of silt and pollution in the water. Milton Sills. Today, the only remaining building that With the end of the war and the growth of was part of the original trolley amusement Hollywood, the film industry in Ithaca died. park development is the big main pavilion. In 1921 , the City of Ithaca purchased the Other structures have come and gone. The property. This occurred during the mayoral boathouse was built by Cascadilla School , a term of Edwin C. Stewart who died in office private preparatory school for Cornell Uni- and left $150,000 for the development of a versity, and was originally used as a gym- park. Herman Bergholtz, the original de- nasium. It was apparently built about 1900 veloper of the park, having owned the trolley company, was hired to restore some of the (continued on page 5) Left, the water tower at Stewart Park. Note the popcorn tent to the right, the water it 1 wagon being filled at the base of the tower, and there is a photographer's studio to the back of the tower. The benches are set in front of the bandstand (not visible here) . Below, a later photograph taken during what er appears to be a busy day at the park, show- ing the bandstand. (Dates/photographers of f 1 these photographs are not known. ) $t a' !. a 7/ 'yY"5.�`z � Nan -.' 1. k '.40 . $ i , . fHdL s . a f a , . Y � . y F p ` O' tea. � .�,�;. . t ...' L \ illf,.--- _ 1.g � � .�~-- � y'� a-� � _ ? K.M t ga , Summer 1984 Newsletter 5 . * ,■ k ____________________ i ' t 1 Right, a "Cornell ,�� _.. 1, �' iI � I g ' V ' I1i1 ,11111.1�ll? '_ III 1(� Crew" (from Cas- 11 II Et3�II1+ Ih�I ^�' �''` �11 1( r7' 1 111 NIR 3. cadilla School ?) at the Inlet " g „ ,, ,�-�._ Boathouse at r. M Stewart Park. (Date of photo and photographer `, , ' 41441 unknown. ) i !r III 4. ? Lj4 i` r f jL 1 ; I I ++" `i� 1 1 1 4 tt. . --- r ,g, _.... +lack _ and certainly not earlier than 1890. The and restrooms, and the brightly colored, bathhouse was built between 1910 and 1919 canvas-topped carousel (new to the park in as a studio for the film industry. It was 1951 and privately owned) . The small zoo converted to a bathhouse between 1919 and has given many young children pleasure 1929. The huge tower, also one of the ori- through the years. The tennis courts have ginal buildings, was a water tower with an gotten plenty of good use. electric pump. It was destroyed by Hurri- Frequent visitors to the park in past cane Hazel in 1955. years will have many fond memories of other Three shingle-style pavilions remain in amusements that have come and gone, perhaps the park today. One is the large pavilion most noteworthy being the swimming. Or the on the east side, with a spacious veranda little train that even went through a tunnel , around it on three sides and facing the not to mention the many events and get lake. A smaller pavilion, sometimes used togethers through the years that refreshed as a bandstand but more frequently as a pic- and relaxed us. nic area, is near the children's playground. [Editor's Note: Dig out those photographs The Boat House is on the north side, facing and memories, for the DeWitt is planning a the duck pond, with a big veranda beneath Stewart Park "History Day" sometime around the tower. Labor Day, and you are invited to partici- Also in the park today is the refresment pate! Watch our calendar and the newspapers stand, a big pavilion for equipment storage for more information.] * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * and dates for them -- whether you are ex- Genealogy Notes perienced or just a novice at "researching The newly-formed group whose interest is your roots," you will find kindred spirits genealogy met at the Museum in June. The in the Genealogy Group. (Mrs. Hilda Myers meeting was informal -- with general ex- has more information if you wish to call changes of ideas and information. Several the Society. ) persons who had expressed an interest in the group were unable to join in at this MOVING? OUT OF TOWN FOR AWHILE? Please meeting. drop us a note or telephone so that we may Other meetings will be scheduled this hold your mail or forward it accordingly. summer -- check the Calendar for times 6 Summer 1984 Newsletter TWO MAJOR EXHIBITS OPEN In the best health interests of our members, we would like to present the following, Two concurrent major exhibits open on from a journal of the Dansville Sanatorium July 28: "Without Knife or Pain: 19th Cen- (a water cure in Dansville, NY) , Feb. 1885. tury Alternative Medicine in Tompkins The ABC of Health County" at the DeWitt; and "With Scalpel and Stethoscope: 19th Century Orthodox Medi- As soon as you are up, shake blanket and cine" at the Hinckley Foundation Museum. We — sheet; hope you still stop in soon to see them, Better be without shoes, than sit with wet although both will be into 1985. feet; The exhibit at the DeWitt looks at the Children, if healthy, are active, not still ; many facets of alternative medicine, its Damp beds and damp clothes will both make promises and its practices in this area. you ill ; Among the topics covered: homeopathy, eclec- Eat slowly, and always chew your food well ticism, water cures, folk medicine and home Freshen the air in the house where you remedies, patent medicine, Thomsonism and dwell ; botanic medicine, the popular health move- Garments must never be made to be tight; ment, and electrical devices; and the impact Homes will be healthy, if airy and light; of alternative therapies as they challenged If you wish to be well , as you do, I 've no orthodox medical practices. doubt, At the Hinckley, "With Scalpel and Stetho- Just open the windows before you go out; scope" focuses on orthodox medicine, tracing Keep your rooms always tidy and clean, its evolution from heroic medicine in the Let dust on the furniture never be seen; early 1800s with its bleeding and purges to Much illness is caused by the want of pure the development of scientific medicine and air. the beginnings of specialization at the end Now to open your windows be ever your care; of the century. The impact of technology, Old rags and old rubbish should never be kept; (continued on page 7) People should see that their floors are well swept; Quick movements in children are healthy and DR. PERRIN'S FUMIGATOR FOR CATARRH. - right; BEFORE L8I\D IT. AFTER USING IT. Remember the young cannot thrive without �,__, light. ^ ` See that the cistern is clean to the brim; q � Take care that your dress is all tidy and ' tW\\ _ W►/ - trim; _.�'' : r.f .:.1i Use your nose to find out if there be a bad ttOt � ,.7_7,t°//).� drain; ` � Very sad are the fevers that come in its ti`' /1. train. ..\, R= \'‘ k\, r�lid�'',* i Walk as much as you can without feeling fatigue, Xerxes could walk for full many a league. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Your health is your wealth, which your wisdom must keep, Zeal will help a good cause, and the good THE NEW DEAL IN TOMPKINS COUNTY you will reap. Historian Joanne Florino has begun research on the history of the New Deal * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Program in Tompkins County with the support of a $3,120 grant from the New York State SOME OF OUR MEMBERS will receive their re- Council on the Arts. newal notices shortly. The DeWitt advises Ms. Florino is examining the extent and in July its members with renewal dates fall - impact of Federal and State economic pro- ing between January and June that it is grams and policies in the county during time to renew; and in November for those that period of time during the Roosevelt whose renewals are due between July and administration. The project will result December. If you have any questions about in an exhibit and one-day symposium this this, please contact Jean Warholic, the Fall . Membership Chairman. Summer 1984 Newsletter 7 c - ' I 71:::1:7'—'9i - : , ',M z+ ~ X Ski q a t F t ::t.::::::1--;' L ' : $ t , ,,a�` n# e } fin+" , .•.1 It ' Y T i , '�` „,,,,to ' ^! 4 3 - - ' '4 1 AL r , 1 -, ., 101,P, , _ .. 1: 4 . ,,: --- kk a” '44 p itik x }' The Maternity Ward at the Tompkins County Hospital (then on . Street) , at Christmastime, year unknown. The DeWitt is interested in acquiring more information for an article relating to hospitals and public health •in 20th Century Tompkins County for a future exhibit -- might you share with us your photographs and material ? * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * The Society recently received an original letter (thanks to Annette Page) from F.C. TWO MEDICINE EXHIBITS. . . (from page 6) Cornell to Dean Liberty H. Bailey, acknow- ledging Dean Bailey° s gift toward a new changes in education, and the institution of Maternity Ward. Since it bridges the two standards and licensing are also considered, new exhibits concerning health and medicine A lecture series on .topics in 19th Cen- in 19th Century Tompkins County and leads tury medicine history s planned for the into an exhibit planned for.1985-86, we are Fall at both museums. Further information including it he for your nterest. The about the exhibits and lecture series is letter is dated January 30th, 1913. available from either museum in the form of "Dear Mr. Bailey: I have your letter of a posterlogue. the 27th with check enclosed for $500. For Also, the Cornell Plantations will offer your contribution to the City Hospital given a free talk on medicinal plants and their on the understanding that they accept Mater- uses by Dr. Scott Camazine, on July 28., from nity cases to the hospital and properly care 1-2:00 p.m. , at their Herb Day. (Informa- for the same. I can assure you that the tion; 256-3020. ) above conditions will all be carried out and These exhibits and programs are made in the new building there will be ample room possible, in part, by a grant from the New to properly care for such cases. York State Council on the Arts. The Curator "Thanking you for your generous gift, I is Gretchen Sachse. am, Sincerely Yours, (signed) F. C. Cornell " 8 Summer 1984 Newsletter News of the Collections VOLUNTEER NEWS We have four new people working with the Recently, we have welcomed the following Curator of Collections now and great pro- new volunteers: Eva Poysa and Robert Scho- gress is being made. knecht, who are assisting our Curator of Since April , Eva Poysa has started to Education; Harriet Tucker, who is working work with the accessioning backlog. She with our volunteer library cataloguer Carla puts in about 10 hours a week. Eva recently Weiss; and Betty Stuart, Fraces Marx, and re- retired from the Dept. of City and Regional Michelle Glade,, who will be front desk re- Planning at Cornell and her excellent cleri- cepA capabl cal skills are being put to good use. She A capable, dependable volunteer force is is a pleasure to have around as well , absolutely essential to the functioning of Beginning in May, Bob Schoknecht, who any museum. The Society is most fortunate works for the Ecology and Systematics Dept, in having a dedicated group working in all at Cornell , started to work on registration areas of service -- behind the scenes as projects as a volunteer. Currently he is well as up front. correcting and updating the donor records, Have you considered joining our volunteer putting in about five hours a week, staff? Right now, we are in particular need For the last month and a half, Karen of a volunteer to catalog our photographic Sharp, an Ithaca College student working equipment collection (a knowledge of the toward a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree, has history of photo equipment preferred) . If been working for the Society to fulfill you wish to volunteer for this project, requirements for an Art History internship, please contact Shannon O'Dell , the Curator Her project involves inventorying and re- of Collections. If you have other interests searching our oil portrait collection. She or projects you wish to volunteer for, is seeking information to fill in the gaps please contact Mrs. Hilda Myers. of our knowledge on the portraits -- parti- cularly the painters. This information will PAPER CONSERVATOR NOW IN ITHACA benefit us when we write a grant proposals Area residents will be pleased to note to interpret them in exhibits and on display, that a paper conservator, Daniel Clement, as well as provide additional insights and has established a practice in Ithaca. increase our appreciation of them. Mr. Clement is a graduate of Cornell Christine Hall , a CIVITAS workstudy stu- University and of the .Cooperstown Graduate dent from Cornell , has been working with Program in the Conservation of Historic Karen on inventorying and cataloging paint- and Artistic Works. We are fortunate to ings. Christine is also an art student and have such a well-qualified conservator in will be working on a variety of projects this area. For more information or to from exhibit painting to collection research make an appointment, please call him at all summer. 387-9608. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 DeWitt Historical Society of Tompkins County Non-Profit Organization 116 North Cayuga Street U.S. Postage Ithaca, NY 14850 PAID Ithaca, New York Permit Number 292 Ms. Andrea J. Lazarski 306 Lake 'Ave. Ithaca, NY 14850 4 ITHACA JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT • Friday,May 13,1983' THE LAKE: STEWART PARK ril!it.„;',* A ' , 1',-4"i„, ' ':,'' Swimming was permitted at park r,' i, _. ,,,, Stewuri ... By JOHN M Journal S . � .: F STEWART PARK could talk,the „�,y. a shipping port,a movie studio,a t-- ,, + park. But mostly, Stewart Park has sf capacity as today: A place for rerr . a r u .. s 4' x g ' a s n Swimming was permitted at park until 1963.Note slide in water. 4, ParC Stewart By JOHN MAINES' Journal-Staff 1'STEWARTPARK could talk,the stories would fill a book.It's been a shipping port, a movie studio,a trolley station and an amusement park. i But mostly, Stewart Park has spent the 20th century in the same capacity as today:A place for recreation. Stewart Park is named after former Ithaca mayor and state senator , Edwin C.Stewart,who in his will created a trust fund for preservation of the park,a 39-acre spread on the southern edge of Cayuga Lake. It was originally known as Port Renwick,and later,Renwick Park. In 1790,Maior"James Renwick of New York City purchased 600 acres from the ;,; y original Revolutionary War land tract grantee,Andrew Moodie,and opened a small port on the property's southeast corner. In the late 1800s the Cayuga Lake Railway Company purchased the ," + property,and in 1894 built an electric trolley leading from town to the lake. -, They developed an amusement park there,with a theater for vaudeville performances,a pavillton for summer concerts,docks for boat rental and a small zoo.A version of the zoo still exists today. ;` € � In 1914 the next owner,the Renwick Park and Traffic Association,rented d i ' the Site to Wharton Studios Inc.,which made movies on the lake's shore for ! five years. Screen personalities were frequently scene in Ithaca: early e I 1` movie greats such as Pearl White, Lionel Barrymore starred in Ithaca r y .'"'.-444 films"Ithacans from 1916 to 1919 often played"extras"in the films, air�" �T"'� '' P Y . x • But by the end of the decade,the park was deteriorating.When the city . purchased it in the 1920s,most of the buildings,piers and pavillions were run down. The lawns were overgrown,and the landscape was disfigured with picture sets and and old shacks. In his will,Stewart left a$100,000 trust to be used for the renovation of the park.Today it has of tennis courts,baseball fields,swingsets and acres of —..40,-„,, lawn and picnic area. And once,Ithacans could swim off the park's shore. Not any more. In .k 1963,swimming was banned because of the murky condition of the water. i s :r r Q4,* r) win F 4 ITHACA JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT 0 Friday,May 13,1983 THE LAKE: STEWARr PARK : v * , s..m r, . , 7-7-'. . — a . S 7 S Aga=x e- s 9 . y ' St ! Swimming was permitted at park until 1963.Nate slide in water., ; Stewart Park By JOHN MAINES • F STEWART PARK could Jou talk,rnal the Stafi stories would fill a book.It's been. a shipping port,a movie Studio,a trolley station and an amusement • park. ! But mostly, Stewart Park has spent the 20th century i • Y n the same ,-E capacity as today: A place for recreation. Stewart Park is named after former Ithaca mayor and state senator • • Edwin C.Stewart,who in his will created a trust fund for preservation of 0.m the park,a 39-acre spread on the southern edge of Cayuga Lake. - '^ It was originally known as Port Renwick,and later,Renwick Park.In 1790,Major-James Renwick of New York City purchased cres om t , • a, ' ` a o. w� o N 600 a fr the . ;; •; original Revolutionary War land tract grantee,Andrew Moodie,and opened ! '' ' '' a small port on the property's southeast corner. • Renwick Park looking east.Note steamship behind tree. In the late 1800s the Cayuga Lake Railway Company purchased the ; property,and in 1894 built an electric trolley leading from town to the lake. : t - - s .'" They developed an amusement park there,with a theater for vaudeville a a performances,a pavillion for summer concerts,docks for boat rental and a < small zoo. A version of the zoo still exists today. tY a r In 1914 the next owner,the Renwick Park and Traffic Association,rented !• .I ' ,.` ' " '- the site to Wharton Studios Inc.,which made movies on the lake's shore for` " -- �• k' zs five ears. Screen personalities were frequently scene in Ithaca: early �r �c ' Y P 9 Y F ' movie'greats such as Pearl White, Lionel d"extras"starred in Ithaca ; ""r�tr8"rS`dY*°'°."k'."°'>1:.�-?i. ;mN �.• c -,` % a"a te " �: F` .v:4, , ��:.x' +�+,,„ �',w.i= i' .,' ✓'�.. +" t • ---0 - --* . , , " Wi.--v ,,. ) : -.:IV A'i, ,..,'.44,;,,,,'-...., . ..' • x ,ate. A 1916 boat launchin on the west side near what is now g '� � � w Tretnan marina. �° � �. •7'''''' . a tl, i„,,,,,.,..0,---,),,-,,, ,--,.--, t'i 4 i .7.0 • • R ' ro- % F ve � —�`K T�''a - +m d +': chi'� �,h;-x.,,x.,+M�✓.���'F. m ��"' ' �, :,�rte f tkle f a I = u . ,� .5 err 4`'" ' ? B ,-y "4 N" P Ai x- � *•► .rte Archway entrance to bird sanctuary'in park. : - :- - Southern end of Cayuga Lake,as photographed from a dirt road on east side. A tl f k Y 9 •,,--- f i v, v tl tl k �. , 1 • (jj - T 6 ...."^ate ,r. k` • Early entrance to park.Note railroad tracks in foreground. Lake's low water level in 1973 left different scene at park shoreline. 4 ITHACA JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT • Friday,May 13, 1983 d 1 THE LAKE: STEWART PARK � ; w. "- , i f Swimming was permitted at park until 1963.Note slide in water. � � Stewart Park By JOHN MAINES a _ Journal Staff s � -, ., F STEWART PARK could talk,the stories would fill a book.It's been a shipping port,a movie studio,a trolley station and an amusement *.` tfr4 � r r • , park. 1 ��" + 4 ,t,,.,,. ,- But mostly, Stewart Park has spent the 20th century in the same t r' j ` ,II, s '-,"' capacity as today: A place for recreation. � I hi . Stewart Park is named after former Ithaca mayor and state senator �� '� Edwin C.Stewart,who in his will created a trust fund for preservation of "^`+� the park,a 39-acre spread on the southern edge of Cayuga Lake. � � , �e•. v It was originally known as Port Renwick,and later,Renwick Park. In "` 1790,Major.James Renwick of New York City purchased 600 acres from the s ' t original Revolutionary War land tract grantee,Andrew Moodie,and opened a small port on the property's southeast corner. Renwick Park looking east. Note steamship behind tree. In the late 1800s the Cayuga Lake Railway Company purchased the property,and in 1894 built an electric trolley leading from town to the lake. They developed an amusement park there,with a theater for vaudeville fir.' `' § I erformances,a pavillion for summer concerts,docks for boat rental and a Ii small zoo. A version of the zoo still exists today. ; In 1914 the next owner,the Renwick Park and Traffic Association,rented y the site to Wharton Studios Inc.,which made movies on the lake's shore for five years. Screen personalities were frequently scene in Ithaca: early movie greats such as Pearl White, Lionel Barrymore starred in Ithaca — :° *mT°rr° �. -r" t films. Ithacans from 1916 to 1919 often played"extras"in the films. r But by the end of the decade,the park was deteriorating.When the city purchased it in the 120s,most of the buildings,piers and avillions were t , run down. The lawns were overgrown,and the landscape was disfigured '� " r ^`;' �*: ' ^tl ; ' va .,t' a'. . A 1. . r with picture sets and and old shacks. r :, In his will,Stewart left a$100,000 trust to be used for the renovation of the park.Today it has of tennis courts,baseball fields,swingsets and acres of r it - a ` • �, � lawn and picnic area. t s,,, y And once,Ithacans could swim off the park's shore. Not any more In - rte� .y c. 1,'l k 'ryt a t , s.., Otaa? ° Ah7' wig; A 1916 boat launching on the west side near what is now Iceman marina. x>' '� ; mss: �z ?f• ;....,71-,-,..,',It� .# 9. 1'it t r 'lit ''1 l T --' do �..INS -. .. �,F _ r''i , t „ 10; } ` '..,V4: n w *� • Archway entrance to bird sanctuary in park. Southern end of Cayuga Lake.as photographed from a dirt road on east side. c xt 1: e l e �4 f 710°1 f l a *r� h I - _ ? e `x a N' � -.� -`•.."-+' -, �,- •t t — —*:, .. ,e .a. :p '' tr`. {a• j > M $yC •. �yy o 37 , xry .ri'!fi yys.YM�I Early entrance to park. Note railroad tracks in foreground. Lake's low water level in 1973 left different scene at park shoreline.