HomeMy WebLinkAbout04-08-13 Board of Public Works Meeting AgendaBOARD OF PUBLIC WORKS
OFFICIAL NOTICE OF REGULAR MEETING
A meeting of the Board of Public Works will be held on Monday, April 8, 2013, at 4:45 p.m. in
Common Council Chambers — Third Floor, City Hall, 108 East Green Street, Ithaca, New York.
Agenda
1. Additions or Deletions to Aaenda (Items 1 -5: 15 min.
2. Mayor's Communications
3. Communications and Hearinas from Persons Before the Board
4. Response to the Public
5. Reports
Special Committees of the Board
Council Liaison
Board Liaisons
Superintendent and Staff
Other Department Heads
6. Approval of Minutes
7. Administration and Communications
8. VOTING ITEMS
8.1 Buildinas. Properties. Refuse and Transit
8.2 Highways, Streets and Sidewalks
8.3 Parking and Traffic
8.4 Creeks, Bridaes and Parks
8.5 Water and Sewer
9. DISCUSSION ITEMS
9.1 Repair to Cascadilla Creek Walkway
9.2 Boat Slip Rental Fees
10. FOR YOUR INFORMATION
10.1 2013 Report Card for America's Infrastructure from ASCE
11. New Business
12. Adjournment
If you have a disability that will require special arrangements to be made in order for you to fully
participate in the meeting, please contact the City Clerk at 607- 274 -6570 at least 48 hours before the
The Board of Public Works meets on the second, third and fourth Wednesdays of the months at 4:45 p.m. All meetings are voting
meetings, opening with a public comment period. Meeting agendas are created from prior public input, Department operating, planning
issues, and requests made to the Superintendent. The Board reserves the right to limit verbal comments to three minutes and to request
written comments on lengthy or complex issues. This information may then be used to create committee agendas, with the speaker or
author invited to attend.
Notes for BP Agenda, April 8, 2093
9.1 Repair to Cascadilla Creek Walkway
Attached is Kent Johson's memo providing four repair options for the Cascadilla Creek
Walkway, per the Board's request. Please note that no sidewalk currently exists in the
cemetery.
9.2 Boat Slip Rental Fees
We have provided a copy of the license agreement made in 1985 with McPherson Sailing
Products, which utilized the same property that Finger Lakes Boating Center uses. More
information will be provided before and/or during the meeting.
10.1 2013 Report Card for America's Infrastructure from ASCE
American Society of Civil Engineers released their 2013 Report Card for America's
Infrastructure report on March 19, 2013. Enclosed is the Executive Summary from this report
to give you an overview. Also included is a portion of the report dedicated to New York.
Kathy cjehrivi,9, E.xeo tive Ass�statAt
For R-Ra geo jo vvuw
Aotiv g skperivutevudevvt of Public Worhs
April 4, 2023
Page 2
9.3 Boat Slip Rental Fees
According to the Tompkins County Assessment Office, waterfront property along Cayuga Lake
is generally valued at $2,000 per foot for the first 50 linear feet, $1,500 for the next 50 feet, and
$1,000 for each 50 feet after.
The waterfront properties leased by Finger Lakes Boating Center are 250 feet and 400 feet
long, along the waterfront.
Property #1
First 50 feet
Second 50 feet
Remaining 150 feet
Total:
Property #2
First 50 feet
Second 50 feet
Remaining 300 feet
Total:
$2,000 X 50'= $100,000
1,500 X 50'= 75,000
1,000 X 150 = 150,000
250' $325,000
$2,000 X 50'= $100,000
1,500 X 50'= 75,000
1,000 X 300 = 300,000
400' $475,000
Total Assessed Value of both properties might be $800,000.
Page 3
CITY OF ITHACA
108 East Green Street Ithaca, New York 14850 -5690
OFFICE OF THE CITY ENGINEER
Telephone: 607/274 -6530 Fax: 607/274 -6587
April 2, 2013
TO: Tom West, Director of Engineering
Tim Logue, City Transportation Engineer
FROM: Kent Johnson, Junior Transportation Engineer KJ7
RE: Repair to Cascadilla Creek walkway - four scope options
I have been tasked with developing a list of maintenance options for the portion of the
Cascadilla Creek walkway from Stewart Ave. to the point at the west property line of 504
Stewart Ave. The four options listed below (in no particular order) include very rough,
planning -level cost estimates as well as key pros and cons of each choice.
Notes:
(1) the estimates relate to construction costs if work is performed by City crews
(2) the estimates do not include design costs or inspection costs
(3) the estimates do not include any potential land acquisition or mapping costs
(4) if the work is performed by contract, it is probably realistic to assume that the cost
estimates will double
Option 1 - Repair of existing sidewalk and staircase, and make slight
improvements to the existing railing. Estimated cost: $16,000
In Option 1, the City would replace damaged concrete and would make modest
improvements to the existing railing to meet current safety standards (like attaching
chain link fence onto the existing railing to fill in the gaps) while striving to keep costs
as low as possible. We would accept that the walkway would remain somewhat
narrow (4' wide) and that the railing will be utilitarian in appearance.
Pros:
1. Lowest cost option that retains public access along this corridor.
2. Least complicated option.
Cons:
1. Minimal railing repair may result in a less attractive product than in Option 2 or 3,
where a completely new railing is proposed.
2. The sidewalk will continue to be narrower than is generally preferred.
Assumptions:
1. 114' x 4' sidewalk @ -$20 /sqft (about twice the City's standard material & labor
cost for placing sidewalks to account for the more difficult work location) _
$9,100
2. 40'x 4' stairs /sidewalk @ - $40 /sgft (about 4x the City's standard material &
labor cost for placing sidewalks to account for the increased complexity of this
portion of the work) _ - $6,400
3. About $500 in materials for chain link fence sections
Total = +/-$16,000
Option 2 - Expand width of sidewalk and staircase, install new railing. Estimated
cost: $30,000
In Option 2, the City would replace the 4' wide sidewalk with a 6' wide sidewalk.
Upon the south edge of the sidewalk would be installed a new railing meeting current
safety standards (so the effective width of the sidewalk would be -5'). To widen the
sidewalk, the City will need to increase the 4' -wide easement to 6' (at this point, the
assumption is that the property owner will grant the increased easement width free of
charge). This widening would be southward over, or replacing, the existing concrete
wall /railing base (the property owners do not want to see the sidewalk widened
northward). The staircase would be rebuilt slightly wider to achieve a 5' wide
effective width as well.
Pros:
1. Wider sidewalk allows for a 5' -wide clear width for pedestrians and provides a
good anchor for the new railing.
Cons:
1. Cost. The benefit of the improvements may not justify the cost when the City
faces so many other, likely more pressing, needs.
Assumptions:
1. 114'x 6' sidewalk @ -$20 /sqft (about twice the City's standard material & labor
cost for placing sidewalks to account for the more difficult work location) _
$13,700
2. 40'x 6' stairs /sidewalk @ -$40 /sqft (about 4x the City's standard material &
labor cost for placing sidewalks to account for the increased complexity of this
portion of the work) _ -$9,600
3. 114' Railing @ - $50 /If = - $5,700
Total = +/-$30,000
Option 3 - Expand width of sidewalk and install new railing. Replace staircase
with ramp. Estimated cost: $45,000
In Option 3, the City would perform the work mentioned in Option 2 except that the
staircase would be replaced by a ramp /retaining walls to allow the use of City
sidewalk snow - clearing vehicles. Accessibility should be improved with the inclusion
of the ramp, yet it will likely be steeper than ADA generally calls for, and the ramp
may be more difficult to walk along when slippery than stairs (the slope may be about
as steep as the sidewalks along the upper block of Buffalo St. (- 15 %)). Due to the
more complex nature of this option, the City may opt to hire a contractor to perform
part, or all, of this work, which would likely increase the overall cost substantially.
Additionally, if this level of investment is pursued, it would seem prudent to consider
the entire pedestrian corridor between Stewart Ave. and University Ave. so that
improvements can be made in a coordinated and comprehensive way.
Pros:
1. Provides accessibility (albeit, marginal) for people using wheelchairs.
2. Easier to plow snow.
Cons:
1. Fairly high cost and complexity associated with the new ramp. As mentioned in
Option 2, limited funds may be better allocated to other needs.
2. The switch to a ramp instead of stairs may make walking more difficult when
surfaces are slippery.
Assumptions:
1. 100' x 6' sidewalk @ -$20 /sqft (about twice the City's standard material & labor
cost for placing sidewalks to account for the more difficult work location) _
$12,000
2. Replace stairs with 50' x 6' sidewalk ramp @ - $500 /If = - $25,000 (this estimate
is quite uncertain because there are so many unknowns at this point ... design of
retaining wall along sidewalk? Need to raise the manhole near the base of the
ramp? Impact to bridge abutment? Etc.)
3. -114' Railing @ - $50 /If = - $5,700
Total = +/-$45,000
Option 4 - Abandon the walkway, prohibit public access. Estimated cost: $8,000
In Option 4, the City would remove the concrete sidewalk, abandon the 4' public
easement, and install a small retaining wall on City property where the stairway is
currently located. Atop the retaining wall, fencing could be installed to further
discourage public access. The City would need to retain an easement along this
corridor to have access to the utilities located under the current sidewalk. Note: to
reduce costs, the small retaining wall could be avoided via grading /landscaping.
Pros:
1. Lowest initial cost. Lowest long -term cost.
Cons:
1. Pedestrians walking up Cascadilla Park Road will need to walk through the
cemetery to reach Stewart Ave., which may take longer depending upon where
their destination is located.
Assumptions:
1. Removal of approximately 150' of sidewalk, minor re- grading, and seeding @ 16
hrs. labor x 4 people x $50 /hr. _ - $3,200.
2. Install small retaining wall over existing staircase @ -1.5 cy of concrete ( -$750)
+ labor to form retaining wall (2 days of labor as shown above @ $3,200) _
-$4,000
Total = +/-$8,000
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Made this _ jy day of
February, 1985 , by and between
The City of Ithaca, a
1.. .
municipal corporation with
,e or offices at 108 E. Green St.,
_ A .xN Ithaca , NY , hereinafter
^s. YZ called the"LICENSOR"
M 1965
CITY
and l#h2r�, N. Y.
r
r' McPherson Sailing Products, Inc.
730 Willow Avenue
Ithaca, New fork 1 4850
hereinafter
called the "LICENSEE"
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, the LICENSOR desires to license all of its right title and interest
in the land as hereinafter described, and
WHEREAS, the their '
buttingpropeortysforhe boat docks hereinafter
atInlet Bank. Pier Road
coniunction with the e
NOW, THEREFORE, this License Agreement witnesseth that in consideration of the
mutual covenants and agreements herein contained, the parties hereto do hereby agree
as follows:
1. The LICENSOR hereby does LET to the LICENSEE and the LICENSEE does hereby
TAKE from the LICENSOR all of that land bounded westerly by Cayuga Inlet; easterly
by the Old Pier Road; extending northerly 250 feet from land of the City of Ithaca
currently being utilized by Pierce & Cleveland, Inc., containing approximately
7,500 sq. feet of land
With the privileges and appurtenances thereunto pertaining.
2. The term of the License Agreement shall be twelve (12) months, commencing
on January 1, 1985 and ending on December 31, 1985
both dates, inclusive, unless sooner terminated as herein provided.
3. The term o` this License Agreement shall, at the end of the demised term,
be automatically continued for renewal terms of one year, all the conditions,
provisions and covenants of this instrument to continue and
all respects as herein provided, unless either party renewal of
re-,-I; ,t� cci mail at least one (1) month before the demised term or any
�;
t to renew and continue said License Agreement.
its or their intention no
117/ef 511fA Rer
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LICENSE AGREEMENT
Made this
Z �t day of February, 1985 by and between
The City of Ithaca, a
?+ municipal corporation with
offices at 108 E. Green St.,
Ithaca, NY, hereinafter
,
J called the ''LICENSOR"
Ut
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1 �
and j;- MAY 3 19$5 � Pierce Cleveland, Inc.
l �L DITICE Johnson's Boat Yard
K. Y. 101 Pier Roa d
Ithaca, New York 14850
hereinafter
called the ''LICENSEE"
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, the LICENSOR desires to license all of its right title and interest
in the land as hereinafter described, and
WHEREAS, the LICENSEE desires to use the land as hereinafter described in
conjunction viith their abutting property for boat docks on Inlet Bank Pier Road
NOW, THEREFORE, this License Agreement witnesseth that in consideration of the
mutual covenants and agreements herein contained, the parties hereto do hereby agree
as follows:
1. The LICENSOR hereby does LET to the LICENSEE and the LICENSEE does hereby
TAKE from the LICENSOR all of that land bounded westerly by Cayuga Inlet, easterly
by a line parallel to and 15 feet easterly from Cayuga Inlet; southerly by the land
of the LICENSEE; northerly by a line parallel to-and 400 feet from the land of
the LICENSEE, containing approximately 6,000 sq. feet of land
% ,iith the privileges and appurtenances thereunto pertaining.
2. The term of the License Agreement shall be twelve (12) months, commencing
on January 1, 1985 and ending on December 31 1985
both dales, inclusive, unless sooner terminated as herein provided.
3. The term of this License Agreement shall, at the end of the dom iced term,
be automatically continued for renewal terms of one year, all the conditions,
in
provisions and covenants of this instrument. to continue in force and to apply
all respects as herein provided, unless either party has notified the other by
registered mail at least one (1) month before the demised term or any renewal of
its o+- their intention not to renew and continue said License Agreement.
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that the aforementioned public primary information sources should be consulted for verification of the information contained on this website. While efforts
have been made to use the most current and accurate data, Tompkins County assumes no legal responsibility for the information contained in this
intemet -based Geographic Information System. User assumes all risks and responsibility for determining whether this map is sufficient for purposes
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American Water Works Association
Bill Gray - Public Affairs Advisory
From: "Public Affairs" <publicaffairs @awwa.org>
To: William Gray <billg @cityofithaca.org>
Date: 3/19/2013 4:28 PM
Subject: Public Affairs Advisory
Having trouble viewing the email below? Please click here.
Note: To ensure delivery to your inbox please add publicaffairs @awwa.org to your address book
x� American Water
Works Association
Alert Utility Members
Public Affairs Advisory
Who: American Society of Civil Engineers
What: 2013 "Report Card for America's Infrastructure"
When: Released Today
The American Society of Civil Engineers today released its 2013 "Report Card for America's
Infrastructure." This report grades the condition of U.S. drinking water and wastewater
systems, roads, bridges, transit systems, schools and other infrastructures.
Page 1 of 2
The ASCE Report Card assigns both drinking water and wastewater infrastructure a grade of
"D," while the U.S. overall infrastructure gets a grade of "D + ". In comparison, when ASCE last
issued its report in 2009, the organization gave U.S. infrastructure an overall grade of "D ", with
a specific grade of "D-" for both drinking water and wastewater.
ASCE cites AWWA's Buried No LongerTm report in explaining the water infrastructure
challenge. Utilities may find the report and the recently released Buried No Longer Pipe
Replacement Modeling Tool to be helpful in measuring and articulating local infrastructure
needs.
Previous ASCE Report Card reports have spawned both national and local media coverage,
and it's possible that utilities will be contacted by area media outlets for comment on the
grades. The Buried No Longer campaign tools, especially the adaptable briefing matrix and
op -ed, can be helpful in organizing thoughts prior to interviews or placing opinion pieces in
publications.
AWWA has released a statement and utilities are welcome to reference it when talking with
media.
For additional questions please contact Greg Kail, AWWA director of communications, at 303-
734 -3410.
AWWA Continues to Deliver Valuable Membership Benefits
AWWA members receive discounted rates on conferences, publications, webinars, and
seminars. Click here to learn more about membership advantages.
file: //C: \Documents and Settings \billg \Local Settings\ Temp \XPgrpwise \5148922Ccoimain... 3/21/2013
Microsoft Word - APWA Endorses ASCE 2013 Report Card for Ameri... http: / /www2.apwa .net/ /Documents /APWA Endorses ASCE 2013 Repo...
LUFOR
AR
lMMEDIATERELEASE;
March 19, 2013 AMfRlCANPUBUC WORKS ASSOCIATION
2345 Grand Blvd., Suite 700
CONTACT: Laura Bvri um.. Kansas City. MO 64108 -2625
APWA Media RelationsfCornmunicatioris Nianager
P: (202) 216 -6i36,
UjE:
lbynum�caapwa.net
America's infrastructure Grade Up to a D +; Continued Investment Needed
1i4"ASHINGTON, D.C. — The American Public Works Association (APWA) announced its
endorsement of the 2013 Report Card for American's infrastructure that was released today by
the American Society for Civil Engineers (ASCE). A slight uptick occurred in the 2013 Report
3rd. `5 rclim.ulative -rade for the nation's infrastructure systems, which rose to a D- grade point,
average overall from: a D or "Poor: At Risk" rating in 2009.
"With the slight increase shown in this ear's Report Card cumulative GPA and,: th Several
sate jo,iles acted for 1ncreir,cr: =_al ii: Pro=rernents, Rep r ,, � �-��: rcd.e e
tl-:e ort ar:� in..�i._a._� a � �r °..• i rat
upward movement," said APWA Executive Director Peter B. Icing. "But an overall grade of D+
remains unacceptable." King noted. "Improving our nation's basic infrastructure is in
everyone's best interest. Investment and system wide improvements affect long term growth,
employment and strengthens our business climate and global competitiveness."
"Once again, the ASCE assessment shows we have a backlog of overdue maintenance that
needs to be addressed to bring the nation's infrastructure to a state of good repair," Kling
added. "The investment needed by 2020 across all infrastructure categories is estimated at $3, -6,
trillion, leaving a shortfall of $1.6 trillion. As a nation, the must create long -term funding
sources, and infest, improve and enhance our critical infrastructure," said Kling.
AP,n!A also issued a statement to its 28,500 members calling on lavymakers to r_arefully review
the report card findings and recommit to supporting infrastructure initiatives. For more
information on the ASCE findings, and to take a more in -depth look at state infrastructure facts,
or to download the tablet or smartphone app, go to www .infrastructurereDortcard.org..
For more information on APWA, visit www.apwa.net. For APWA Media queries, please contact APWA Media
Relations and Communications M3PBger (Laura Bynum, at lbynum@a apwa.net.,
About APWA
The American Public Works Association (wrvw pWa.neJ is a not-for-profit, international organization of rrore
than 28,500 members involved in the fteld of public works. APWA serves its members by promoting professional
excellence and public awareness through education, advocacy and the exchange of knowledge..4PVVA is
headquartered in Kansas City, Missouri, has an office in Washington, D.C. a^.'63 _hooters ir NorthAmeric:%
#;Nr
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2013 ReportCard on America's Infrastructure I New York Overview
• News
• Get TnvnlvRd
New York
New York Key Facts:
Water and Environment
Dams
http: / /www.infrast wturereportcard .org/newyork/new -york overview/
• New York's dam safety program has 12.49 Full -Time Employees that each oversee an average of
458.4 state regulated dams.
• New York has 403 high hazard dams.
• 88% of the state regulated dams in New York have an Emergency Action Plan.
• New York's state dam safety program has an annual budget of $1,386,500.
Drinking Water
• New York has reported $27 billion in drinking water infrastructure needs over the next 20 years.
Hazardous Waste
• New York has 87 sites on the National Priorities List.
Levees
• New York has approximately 146 miles of levees according to the current FEMA Midterm Levee
Inventory.
Wastewater
• New York has reported $29.7 billion in wastewater infrastructure needs over the next 20 years.
Transportation
Aviation
• There are 141 public -use airports in New York.
Bridges
• 2,169 of the 17,420 bridges in New York (12.5 %) are considered structurally deficient.
• 4,718 of the 17,420 bridges in New York (27.1 %) are considered functionally obsolete.
• New York received $429.3 million from the Federal Highway Bridge Fund in FY2011.
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2013 ReportCard on America's Infrastructure I New York Overview
Inland Waterways
http:// www .infrastrwturereportcard.org/new york/new -york overview/
• New York has 390 miles of inland waterways, ranking it 22nd in the nation.
Ports
• New York's ports handled 52 million short tons of cargo in 2009, ranking it 17th in the nation.
Rail
• New York has 37 freight railroads covering 3,479 miles across the state, ranking it 13th by
mileage.
Roads
• Driving on roads in need of repair costs New York motorists $4.551 billion a year in extra
vehicle repairs and operating costs - $403 per motorist.
• 60% of New York's roads are in poor or mediocre condition.
• New York has 114,546 public road miles.
• New York's highway vehicle -miles traveled in 2009 was approximately 6,767 per capita, ranking
it 49th in the nation.
• New York's gas tax of 50.6 cents per gallon has not been increased in 0 years.
Transit
• New York has 3,764,951 annual unlinked passenger trips via transit systems - motor bus, heavy
rail, light rail, and commuter rail.
Public Facilities
Parrs and Recreation
• New York has reported an unmet need of $95.4 million for its parks system.
Schools
• Public school districts in New York spent a total of $14.3 billion on capital outlays for school
construction and acquisition of land and existing structures in fiscal years 2005 -2008.
• It is estimated that New York schools have $2.1 billion in infrastructure funding needs.
Energy
• New York produces 32.286 gigawatt-hours of renewable energy every year, ranking it 4th.
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Overview: Executive Summary
Every family, every community and every business needs infrastructure to thrive. Infrastructure
encompasses your local water main and the Hoover Dam; the power lines connected to your house
and the electrical grid spanning the U.S.; and the street in front of your home and the national highway
system.
Once every four years, America's civil engineers provide a comprehensive assessment of the nation's
major infrastructure categories in ASCE's Report Card for America's Infrastructure (Report Card). Using
a simple A to F school report card format, the Report Card provides a comprehensive assessment of
current infrastructure conditions and needs, both assigning grades and making recommendations for
how to raise the grades. An Advisory Council of ASCE members assigns the grades according to the
following eight criteria: capacity, condition, funding, future need, operation and maintenance, public
safety, resilience, and innovation. Since 1998, the grades have been near failing, averaging only Ds,
due to delayed maintenance and underinvestment across most categories.
Now the 2013 Report Card grades are in, and America's cumulative GPA for infrastructure rose slightly
to a D +. The grades in 2013 ranged from a high of B- for solid waste to a low of D- for inland waterways
and levees. Solid waste, drinking water, wastewater, roads, and bridges all saw incremental
improvements, and rail jumped from a C- to a C +. No categories saw a decline in grade this year.
The 2013 Report Card demonstrates that we can improve the current condition of our nation's
infrastructure — when investments are made and projects move forward, the grades rise. For example,
greater private investment for efficiency and connectivity brought improvements in the rail category;
renewed efforts in cities and states helped address some of the nation's most vulnerable bridges; and,
several categories benefited from short-term boosts in federal funding.
We know that investing in infrastructure is essential to support healthy, vibrant communities.
Infrastructure is also critical for long -term economic growth, increasing GDP, employment, household
income, and exports. The reverse is also true – without prioritizing our nation's infrastructure needs,
deteriorating conditions can become a drag on the economy.
While the modest progress is encouraging, it is clear that we have a significant backlog of overdue
maintenance across our infrastructure systems, a pressing need for modernization, and an immense
opportunity to create reliable, long -term funding sources to avoid wiping out our recent gains. Overall,
most grades fell below a C, and our cumulative GPA inched up just slightly to a D+ from a D four years
ago.
We invite you to take a deeper look at the nation's infrastructure conditions in the 2013 Report Card –
from the state infrastructure facts, to the interactive charts, to our three key solutions.
A brief summary of the findings for each category is below. Click on any heading to get more detailed
information on the category and explore the interactive content.
I I P a g e
Water and Environment
Dams: Dams again earned a grade of D. The average age of the
84,000 dams in the country is 52 years old. The nation's dams are
aging and the number of high- hazard dams is on the rise. Many of
these dams were built as low- hazard dams protecting undeveloped
agricultural land. However, with an increasing population and greater
development below dams, the overall number of high- hazard dams
continues to increase, to nearly 14,000 in 2012. The number of
deficient dams is currently more than 4,000. The Association of State
Dam Safety Officials estimates that it will require an investment of $21
billion to repair these aging, yet critical, high - hazard dams.
Drinking Water: The grade for drinking water improved slightly to a D. At the dawn of the 21 st century,
much of our drinking water infrastructure is nearing the end of its useful life. There are an estimated
240,000 water main breaks per year in the United States. Assuming every pipe would need to be
replaced, the cost over the coming decades could reach more than $1 trillion, according to the
American Water Works Association (AWWA). The quality of drinking water in the United States remains
universally high, however. Even though pipes and mains are frequently more than 100 years old and in
need of replacement, outbreaks of disease attributable to drinking water are rare.
Hazardous Waste: There has been undeniable success in the cleanup of the nation's hazardous
waste and brownfields sites. However, annual funding for Superfund site cleanup is estimated to be as
much as $500 million short of what is needed, and 1,280 sites remain on the National Priorities List with
an unknown number of potential sites yet to be identified. More than 400,000 brownfields sites await
cleanup and redevelopment. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that one in four
Americans lives within three miles of a hazardous waste site. The grade for hazardous waste remained
unchanged at a D.
Levees: Levees again earned a near failing grade of D- in
2013. The nation's estimated 100,000 miles of levees can
be found in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.
Many of these levees were originally used to protect
farmland, and now are increasingly protecting developed
communities. The reliability of these levees is unknown in
many cases, and the country has yet to establish a
National Levee Safety Program. Public safety remains at
risk from these aging structures, and the cost to repair or
rehabilitate these levees is roughly estimated to be $100
billion by the National Committee on Levee Safety.
However, the return on investment is clear —as levees
helped in the prevention of more than $141 billion in flood damages in 2011.
Solid Waste: In 2010, Americans generated 250 million tons of trash. Of that, 85 million tons were
recycled or composted. This represents a 34% recycling rate, more than double the 14.5% in 1980. Per
capita generation rates of waste have been steady over the past 20 years and have even begun to
show signs of decline in the past several years. The grade for solid waste improved in 2013, and it
earned the highest grade of B -.
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Wastewater: The grade for wastewater improved slightly to a D. Capital investment needs for the
nation's wastewater and stormwater systems are estimated to total $298 billion over the next 20 years.
Pipes represent the largest capital need, comprising three quarters of total needs. Fixing and
expanding the pipes will address sanitary sewer overflows, combined sewer overflows, and other pipe -
related issues. In recent years, capital needs for the treatment plants comprise about 15 % -20% of total
needs, but will likely increase due to new regulatory requirements. Stormwater needs, while growing,
are still small compared with sanitary pipes and treatment plants. Since 2007, the federal government
has required cities to invest more than $15 billion in new pipes, plants, and equipment to eliminate
combined sewer overflows.
Transportation
Aviation: Despite the effects of the recent recession,
commercial flights were about 33 million higher in number
in 2011 than in 2000, stretching the system's ability to
meet the needs of the nation's economy. The Federal
Aviation Administration (FAA) estimates that the national
cost of airport congestion and delays was almost $22
billion in 2012. If current federal funding levels are
maintained, the FAA anticipates that the cost of
congestion and delays to the economy will rise from $34
billion in 2020 to $63 billion by 2040. Aviation again
earned a D.
Bridges: Over two hundred million trips are taken daily across deficient bridges in the nation's 102
largest metropolitan regions. In total, one in nine of the nation's bridges are rated as structurally
deficient, while the average age of the nation's 607,380 bridges is currently 42 years. The Federal
Highway Administration (FHWA) estimates that to eliminate the nation's bridge backlog by 2028, we
would need to invest $20.5 billion annually, while only $12.8 billion is being spent currently. The
challenge for federal, state, and local governments is to increase bridge investments by $8 billion
annually to address the identified $76 billion in needs for deficient bridges across the United States.
However, with the overall number of structurally deficient bridges continuing to trend downward, the
grade improved to C +.
Inland Waterways: Our nation's inland waterways and rivers
are the hidden backbone of our freight network — they cant' -
the equivalent of about 51 million truck trips each year. In
many cases, the inland waterways system has not been
updated since the 1950s, and more than half of the locks are =;
over 50 years old. Barges are stopped for hours each day with = =
unscheduled delays, preventing goods from getting to market
and driving up costs. There is an average of 52 service
interruptions a day throughout the system. Projects to repair
and replace aging locks and dredge channels take decades to
approve and complete, exacerbating the problem further. Inland waterways received a D- grade once
again as conditions remain poor and investment levels remain stagnant.
Ports: This new category for 2013 debuted with a grade of C. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
estimates that more than 95% (by volume) of overseas trade produced or consumed by the United
States moves through our ports. To sustain and serve a growing economy and compete internationally,
31Pac9e
our nation's ports need to be maintained, modernized, and expanded. While port authorities and their
private sector partners have planned over $46 billion in capital improvements from now until 2016,
federal funding has declined for navigable waterways and landside freight connections needed to move
goods to and from the ports.
Rail: Railroads are experiencing a competitive resurgence as both an energy- efficient freight
transportation option and a viable city -to -city passenger service. In 2012, Amtrak recorded its highest
year of ridership with 31.2 million passengers, almost doubling ridership since 2000, with growth
anticipated to continue. Both freight and passenger rail have been investing heavily in their tracks,
bridges, and tunnels as well as adding new capacity for freight and passengers. In 2010 alone, freight
railroads renewed the rails on more than 3,100 miles of railroad track, equivalent to going coast to
coast. Since 2009, capital investment from both freight and passenger railroads has exceeded $75
billion, actually increasing investment during the recession when materials prices were lower and trains
ran less frequently. With high ridership and greater investment in the system, the grade for rail saw the
largest improvement, moving up to a C+ in 2013.
Roads: Targeted efforts to improve conditions and significant :' I" "r
reductions in highway fatalities resulted in a slight
improvement in the roads grade to a D this year. However,
forty -two percent of America's major urban highways remain -_
congested, costing the economy an estimated $101 billion in
wasted time and fuel annually. While the conditions have
improved in the near term, and federal, state, and local capital
investments increased to $91 billion annually, that level of
investment is insufficient and still projected to result in a
decline in conditions and performance in the long term. Currently, the Federal Highway Administration
estimates that $170 billion in capital investment would be needed on an annual basis to significantly
improve conditions and performance.
Transit: The grade for transit remained at a D as transit agencies struggled to balance increasing
ridership with declining funding. America's public transit infrastructure plays a vital role in our economy,
connecting millions of people with jobs, medical facilities, schools, shopping, and recreation, and it is
critical to the one -third of Americans who do not drive cars. Unlike many U.S. infrastructure systems,
the transit system is not comprehensive, as 45% of American households lack any access to transit,
and millions more have inadequate service levels. Americans who do have access have increased their
ridership 9.1 % in the past decade, and that trend is expected to continue. Although investment in transit
has also increased, deficient and deteriorating transit systems cost the U.S. economy $90 billion in
2010, as many transit agencies are struggling to maintain aging and obsolete fleets and facilities amid
an economic downturn that has reduced their funding, forcing
service cuts and fare increases.
Public Facilities
Public Parks and Recreation: The popularity of parks and
outdoor recreation areas in the United States continues to grow,
with over 140 million Americans making use of these facilities a
part of their daily lives. These activities contribute $646 billion to
the nation's economy, supporting 6.1 million jobs. Yet states and
localities struggle to provide these benefits for parks amid flat
and declining budgets, reporting an estimated $18.5 billion in
41 Page
unmet needs in 2011. The federal government is also facing a serious challenge as well since the
National Park Service estimates its maintenance backlog at approximately $11 billion. The grade for
parks remained unchanged at a C -.
Schools: Almost half of America's public school buildings were built to educate the baby boomers — a
generation that is now retiring from the workforce. Public school enrollment is projected to gradually
increase through 2019, yet state and local school construction funding continues to decline. National
spending on school construction has diminished to approximately $10 billion in 2012, about half the
level spent prior to the recession, while the condition of school facilities continues to be a significant
concern for communities. Experts now estimate the investment needed to modernize and maintain our
nation's school facilities is at least $270 billion or more. However, due to the absence of national data
on school facilities for more than a decade, a complete picture of the condition of our nation's schools
remains mostly unknown. Schools received a D again this year.
Energy
Energy: America relies on an aging electrical grid and pipeline distribution systems, some of which
originated in the 1880s. Investment in power transmission has increased since 2005, but ongoing
permitting issues, weather events, and limited maintenance have contributed to an increasing number
of failures and power interruptions. While demand for electricity has remained level, the availability of
energy in the form of electricity, natural gas, and oil will become a greater challenge after 2020 as the
population increases. Although about 17,000 miles of additional high - voltage transmission lines and
significant oil and gas pipelines are planned over the next five years, permitting and siting issues
threaten their completion. Thus, the grade for energy remained a D +.
Conclusion
Infrastructure is the foundation that connects the nation's businesses, communities, and people, driving
our economy and improving our quality of life. For the U.S. economy to be the most competitive in the
world, we need a first class infrastructure system — transport systems that move people and goods
efficiently and at reasonable cost by land, water, and air; transmission systems that deliver reliable,
low -cost power from a wide range of energy sources; and water systems that drive industrial processes
as well as the daily functions in our homes. Yet today, our infrastructure systems are failing to keep
pace with the current and expanding needs, and investment in infrastructure is faltering.
We must commit today to make our vision of the future a reality — an American infrastructure system
that is the source of our prosperity.
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