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GOVERNMENT ENERGY ACTION PLAN 2011
A Pathway to Reducing GHG Emissions 30% by 2020
FALL 2011 Town of Ithaca, NY
LETTER FROM SUPERVISOR
I am pleased to present to our
community the Town of Ithaca‟s first
“Government Energy Action Plan,” (EAP)
which reflects and articulates a vision of
energy smart, sustainable practices for
our local government as we serve our
citizens. Our commitment to reducing
energy demand, utilizing clean energy
sources, and saving taxpayer dollars will
yield positive benefits in the near-term without compromising
the interests of future generations. The Town of Ithaca recently
joined the County and the City in their long-standing formal
commitment to sustainability and climate action, setting the
stage for the community to achieve significant reductions in
energy consumption and carbon emissions while improving
quality of life for all members of the community. While this
initial plan takes aim at reducing emissions within government
operations, town government can only do a small part of what
is required to create a truly sustainable future. Ithaca is
fortunate to have many businesses, institutions, community
organizations, and individual residents who are demonstrating
every day that reducing energy consumption and using clean
sources of energy is good for our families, good for business,
and good for the future of the Town. Because we believe that
everyone must contribute and everyone must benefit, we invite
Town residents to engage in the next phase of this process to
set goals and create a Community Energy Action Plan.
Achieving our goals will require an ongoing commitment to
sustainability, demonstrated not only through public policy,
but also through individual action. This plan contains specific,
achievable recommendations aimed at reaching the targets we
have committed to. The actions recommended in the EAP are
phased to limit expenditures in the short-term and rely to the
degree possible on grants, collaborations with other
municipalities and community organizations, or existing staff
resources. Furthermore, the mid-to-long-term initiatives can
be funded in part by the savings realized from the no-low-cost
short-term actions. While some recommendations entail the
expenditure of public funds, the great majority would achieve
meaningful long-term savings for our taxpayers though
reduced public and private costs. The EAP should not be
viewed as a rigid document, but rather as a framework for
ongoing discussion about how the Town of Ithaca can best
shape a bright future. I look forward to the implementation of
this plan, the creation of the Community Energy Action Plan,
and ensuring the Town of Ithaca‟s vibrancy and leadership
through the 21st century.
Sincerely,
Herb Engman
Town Supervisor
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................ 4
Introduction and Background ........................................................................................................... 5
GHG Emissions Inventory Results ..................................................................................................... 7
Proposed Actions: Reducing Energy Demand & Utilizing Renewables ....................................... 8
Implementation ................................................................................................................................ 16
APPENDIX A: Government GHG Emissions Inventory Results .................................................... 22
APPENDIX B: Existing Actions ......................................................................................................... 25
APPENDIX C: B20 Fleet Case Study – Tompkins County .............................................................. 27
APPENDIX D: Renewables ............................................................................................................... 29
APPENDIX E: Policy Templates ....................................................................................................... 33
APPENDIX F: Climate Smart Communities Resolution................................................................. 34
APPENDIX G: Tools and Resources ................................................................................................. 38
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Town of Ithaca conducted a greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
inventory of government operations using 2009 as the baseline year.
During that year, the Town of Ithaca‟s government operations used
46, 548 MMBTus of energy and emitted 3,928 tons of CO2e at a cost
of $1,015,508. Figure 1 below illustrates the proportion of emissions
per sector, highlighting the areas that the Town should focus on to
achieve deep reductions in GHG emissions reductions.
Following the completion and analysis of this inventory, the Town
Board committed the Town to the following reduction goals:
80% reduction in GHG emissions below 2009 levels by 2050
30% reduction in GHG emissions below 2009 levels by 2020
This plan outlines the actions needed to reach our interim target of a
30% reduction in GHG emissions below 2009 levels by 2020, as well
as the implementation strategies that will support these efforts:
Water Treatment Energy Efficiency Improvements
Water Conservation Practices
Wastewater Treatment Energy Efficiency Improvements
Fleet
Biodiesel (B20) as Fuel Source
Limit Idling
Reduce Mileage
Optimize Fleet and Vehicle Size
Vehicle Maintenance
Buildings and Facilities
Lights Out Policy
HVAC System Upgrades
Lighting Retrofits
Energy Efficient Computer Hardware
Green Building Policy
Streetlights
Streetlight upgrades
LED streetlights in municipal lights
Remove unused lights
Renewable Energy Purchase renewable energy credits
Solar Power Purchase Agreement Figure 1: GHG Emissions by Sector
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND
The Town of Ithaca boldly asserted its commitment to climate
protection and sustainability in April of 2009 as its Town Board
passed a resolution to join the “Climate Smart Communities”
initiative, a partnership program between New York State and local
municipalities (see Appendix F). In signing on to this partnership, the
Town of Ithaca pledged to work toward lowering greenhouse gases
and saving taxpayer dollars through climate smart actions that also
promote community health and safety, affordability, economic
strength, and quality of life.
In pursuit of these goals, the Town of Ithaca acquired funding to hire
a half-time Sustainability Planner to carry out planning and
implementation objectives. In September 2010, the Sustainability
Planner came on board, and shortly thereafter, the Town of Ithaca
became a member of ICLEI: Local Governments for Sustainability. In
doing so, the Town further solidified its commitment to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) at the local level and to enhance
sustainability efforts. This plan marks the third milestone in a multi-
step process to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the Town of
Ithaca through an Energy Action Planning process:
1. Conduct a Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory
2. Establish a Reduction Target
3. Develop an Action Plan
4. Implement the Action Plan
5. Monitor Progress and Report Results
In addition to the Town Board‟s leadership, this process has, from the
beginning, involved the Planning Board, the Conservation Board, and
the Comprehensive Plan Committee. Members of these groups have
lent tremendous insight, expertise and perspective to the process,
and have provided concrete feedback and recommendations that
continue to form the basis of the energy and greenhouse gas
emissions reduction strategy. This “Energy Action Plan” details the
priorities identified by these boards and committees, and guides the
Town as it works towards achieving its greenhouse gas emissions
reduction targets.
REDUCING OUR IMPACT: EMISSIONS GOALS FOR THE TOWN OF
ITHACA
The Government Operations GHG Inventory was initiated to assist
the Town in understanding the scope and nature of the challenges
we face in reducing our impacts. The findings of the inventory, which
are summarized in this plan, brought to light the biggest sources of
greenhouse gas emissions within town buildings, fleet, and
infrastructure, allowing us to identify priorities and opportunities for
reducing emissions and energy-related costs. This newfound
awareness of the Town‟s impact provided the basis for setting
ambitious, yet achievable greenhouse gas emissions reduction
targets. This data also provides the Town of Ithaca with a baseline
for comparing future performance and tracking progress of energy
conservation initiatives and emission reduction strategies. The Town
Board carefully considered the actions and improvements already
planned, weighed the impacts of proposed actions, and came to
agreement on ambitious, yet achievable emissions reduction targets.
Recognizing that all sectors of the community, especially the local
government, must accept responsibility for their share of reducing
the risks associated with climate change, the Town Board endorsed
the following GHG emissions reduction goals:
80% reduction below 2009 levels by 2050
30% reduction below 2009 levels by 2020
This action plan was developed around achieving the interim goal of
reducing emissions 30% by 2020. It represents a first attempt at
codifying and quantifying the improvements, projects, and programs
that will be necessary to reach the Town‟s reduction targets. While
this plan does serve as a starting point for reducing emissions and
energy costs, it is essential to establish a regular and ongoing
process of keeping the actions on track and benchmarking progress
toward the goal. The exact scope and nature of the actions may
evolve as unexpected challenges arise, new opportunities become
available, technologies advance, and state and federal policies
change. This plan also serves to account for the big picture by
addressing climate change and energy consumption through a
systematic, integrated strategy. This approach helps the Town avoid
the “random project portfolio,” which can diminish the effectiveness
of actions taken in a vacuum or without consideration for the overall
strategy and goal. In addition to the Government Energy Action
Plan, the Town is also leading the effort to create and implement a
Community Energy Action Plan. Similarly, the update to the 1993
Comprehensive Plan is for the first time featuring sustainability as an
integrating principle, and specifically guides the Town to reduce
energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in municipal
operations.
GHG EMISSIONS INVENTORY RESULTS
In April 2011, the Town of Ithaca completed an inventory to measure
greenhouse gas emissions for the baseline year of 2009. Detailed
results and analyses can be found in the “Baseline 2009: Greenhouse
Gas Emissions Inventory Report – Government,” and also in Appendix
A of this plan.
During 2009, the Town of Ithaca emitted approximately 3,928 tons of
CO2e (carbon dioxide equivalent). 3,928 tons sounds like a lot, but
what does that mean? The amount of greenhouse gas emissions
emitted by the Town of Ithaca in 2009 is equivalent to:
PROPOSED ACTIONS: REDUCING ENERGY DEMAND & UTILIZING RENEWABLES
This Plan proposes strategies based on promoting energy
conservation, increasing energy efficiency, reducing vehicle miles
traveled, maximizing the effectiveness and efficiency of operations,
and switching to renewable energy sources. While these strategies
are focused on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, they will have
added benefits including reduced air pollution, savings on utility and
fuel bills, reduced wear and tear on vehicles, conservation of natural
resources, and improved indoor air quality and human health. The
recommended actions detailed below can be characterized as either
short-term, “base actions” or mid-long-term actions. This Plan also
includes an Implementation section, which details the available tools,
resources, and people necessary to carry out the action.
The Short-term actions:
Reduce demand by improving efficiency
Require a low to moderate investment
Provide a quick return on investment
Produce energy savings that can be reinvested into longer-
term projects
Should be implemented in the next three years (2012-2014)
The Mid-Long-Term Portfolio actions are:
Supply-side actions made more cost-effective by initial
investments in energy efficiency to reduce demand (e.g.
Solar PV)
Improvements, projects, and technologies that will likely
evolve given the rapid development of technology,
availability of funding, and support from local, state, and
federal programs
Actions requiring more technical assistance, and perhaps a
larger capital investment
Implemented by 2020 to reduce demand
The Renewable Portfolio:
The utilization of renewable, non-GHG-producing energy could make
a significant contribution to GHG reductions within the Town‟s
government operations. With energy efficiency as the foundation in a
succession of efforts aimed at reducing energy consumption,
lowering GHG emissions, and improving air quality, renewable
energy is a critical component of the town‟s overall energy strategy.
Based on the Town of Ithaca's specific conditions, energy
consumption patterns, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction
goals, it is recommended that the Town prioritize solar PV
(photovoltaic) over other renewable energy sources during the first
wave of implementation of the Energy Action Plan. Solar PV is the
most appropriate renewable technology for the Town of Ithaca for a
number of reasons. More than 60% of the emissions produced from
government operations are a result of electricity consumption, due
primarily to lighting loads, water treatment and pumping loads, and
sewer pumping. Other renewable technologies, such as biomass,
geothermal, and solar thermal are best suited to replace natural gas
consumption, which amounts to a mere 11% of the Town's total
emissions. Furthermore, the benefits and performance of solar PV
systems continue to outweigh the rest due to the high level of
reliability and durability, consistent performance, attractive financing
mechanisms, and minimal maintenance. Similarly, a solar PV system
should be designed to anticipate ancillary uses beyond electricity for
the building, such as powering electric vehicles that may become
part of the Town‟s fleet mix in the future.
The proposed actions are addressed below by sector: water
treatment, wastewater treatment, buildings and facilities, vehicle
fleet, and streetlights and traffic signals. Where applicable, projected
CO2e emissions reductions are included, along with how much the
action contributes to the overall reduction goal. Renewables are also
discussed in their own section.
WATER TREATMENT
Water Treatment
ACTION Tons CO2e
reduced
% towards
goal
Energy Efficiency
Improvements to Water
Treatment System
286
24.24%
Promote Water
Conservation Practices
Amongst Residents
n/a n/a
TOTAL 286 24.24%
Water treatment and pumping account for the largest source of GHG
emissions in the Town of Ithaca, and should therefore be the primary
focus and priority of the Town‟s energy reduction strategy. Energy
efficiency improvements to the water treatment system could include
but are not limited to:
Facilities upgrades (HVAC, lighting, building envelope, etc.)
Pump, motor and drive upgrades or replacements
Overall system improvements for greater efficiency and
operations
These energy improvements should be addressed through a
comprehensive building performance contract, whereby an ESCO
(Energy Services Company) studies and analyzes current conditions,
builds an appropriate work scope, and implements the most cost-
effective measures to achieve energy savings. Savings resulting from
the energy improvements will then be used to pay for the work. 20%
is a conservative estimate of total energy savings from such a project,
a target well within reach given current conditions. When this Plan
was adopted, the Town had undergone a preliminary energy audit
with Wendel Energy Services and was considering how to move
forward based on the initial report. The next step is to undergo a
comprehensive energy study through the NYSERDA Flex-Tech
Program, which provides a 50% cost share for the project. The Town
can also reduce energy-related costs and the associated GHG
emissions by facilitating water conservation practices amongst
residents. Some strategies for doing so include:
Adopting a 3-tier, “pay-per-usage” fee structure for water
customers to incentivize water conservation. Currently, all
customers pay a flat rate, regardless of usage.
Adopt building ordinances requiring the use of low flow
devices in homes (shower heads, faucets, toilets, etc.)
Offer rain barrels at a reduced cost to Town residents
Provide support for rain gardens and other stormwater
retention/water conservation practices through the
Department of Public Works
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
Wastewater Treatment
ACTION Tons CO2e
reduced
% towards goal
Energy Efficiency
Improvements to
Wastewater Treatment
Facility
404 34%
Energy Efficiency
Improvements to
Wastewater Pumping
Stations
n/a n/a
TOTAL 404 34%
Starting in the Summer of 2011, the Ithaca Area Wastewater
Treatment Facility began construction on a $9 million dollar energy
performance contract, which includes building envelope
improvements, lighting upgrades, equipment replacement,
renewable energy, and more. Over the term of the contract, the Town
is expected to save $4 million in energy-related costs. The annual
savings the Town of Ithaca can claim from this project is
approximately 10%. Although already “on the books,” the Town can
continue to lend support and enthusiasm to the project, participating
in appropriate meetings and evaluating progress throughout. The
Town can extend energy efficiency beyond the wastewater treatment
facility to include the pumps that make up the sewer infrastructure.
The most streamlined approach is to include sewer pumps in the
proposed water treatment system energy improvements.
VEHICLE FLEET
Vehicle Fleet
ACTION Tons CO2e
reduced
% towards goal
Utilize Biodiesel (B20)
as Fuel Source for
Vehicles
136 11.53%
Limit Idling of Heavy
Duty Trucks
69 5.82%
Reduce Vehicle Fleet
Mileage
3 0.24%
Limit Idling of all
Vehicles
Optimize Fleet and
Vehicle Size
n/a n/a
Maintain and Repair
Vehicles Regularly
n/a n/a
TOTAL 208 17.59%
As of 2011, the Tompkins County highway department uses B20 (20
% biodiesel/80% diesel fuel mix) in its fleet. It is possible to expand
the contract to include additional municipalities, and therefore, the
Town should waste no time in transitioning its vehicle fleet to B20 by
partnering with the Tompkins County highway department, an action
that accounts for 1/3 of needed emissions reductions. While the cost
of B20 is slightly higher than conventional diesel, substantial savings
will occur with the implementation of the remaining actions
(reducing idling, mileage, fleet size, etc.), which involve changes in
operation and behavior rather than financial investments. The
success of the County‟s B20 transition is detailed in Appendix C.
Limiting idling of all vehicles but especially heavy duty vehicles,
reducing unnecessary trips and drive time, optimizing fleet and
vehicle size (i.e. “right-sizing,”) and practicing regular maintenance
and repair on all vehicles has few costs (financial or otherwise) and
carries many benefits:
Reduced GHG emissions in the vehicle fleet
Enhanced air quality and pollution reduction
Enhanced human health
Increased longevity and durability of vehicles
Enhanced worker productivity
Reduced fuel costs
Reduced maintenance/repair costs
Greater overall operational efficiency
These actions can be organized into and implemented through a
comprehensive Green Fleet Policy, which the Town should develop
and enact immediately. In addition to partnering with the Tompkins
County Highway Department, the Town should strongly consider
convening a municipal fleet task force to explore opportunities for
partnering with other municipalities, especially the City of Ithaca and
Tompkins County, to reduce emissions in the vehicle fleet.
BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
The four municipal buildings under the Town‟s control – Town Hall,
Public Works office building, Public Works barn, and Public Works
salt shed – represent a small portion of the GHG emissions reduction
potential. In the Spring of 2011, the Town Hall building underwent a
lighting retrofit and is now equipped with high efficiency lamps and
ballasts, expected to save the Town up to $2,000 annually on
electricity bills and contributing 0.5% towards the 30% GHG
emissions reduction goal. In addition to this lighting retrofit, the
Town of Ithaca can reduce lighting-related energy consumption by
implementing a “lights out” policy in all buildings. Simply put, a lights
out policy would require that:
All lights except EXIT signs are turned off at night and on
weekends
All basement and hallway lighting are turned off when
spaces are not in use
Task lighting at individual desks and in offices will be turned
off when employees are away from their desks for more than
15 minutes
Phasing in the most energy efficiency computer hardware will also
contribute towards the achievement of the Town‟s GHG emissions
reduction target. All new computers, monitors, and printers should
meet Energy Star certification to achieve optimal energy efficiency.
The Green Procurement Policy currently under development will
reinforce this action by requiring that the Town purchase Energy Star
certified equipment and electronics. Improvements to the HVAC
system, including the boiler and the chiller, in Town Hall will result in
marginal GHG emissions reductions, but should be addressed
Buildings and Facilities
ACTION Tons CO2e
reduced
% towards
goal
“Lights Out” Policy
(electricity
conservation)
17 1.40%
Increase Chiller
Efficiency
6 0.50%
Efficient Lighting
Retrofits
6 0.48%
Energy Efficient
Computer Hardware
(Computers, Printers,
Monitors)
6 0.50%
Reflective Roofing 3 0.29%
HVAC Fan Upgrades 3 0.23%
Increase Boiler
Efficiency
2 0.15%
Municipal Green
Building Policy
n/a n/a
TOTAL 43 3.55%
systematically when the time comes to replace or repair the system
and individual pieces of equipment. Reflective roofing (i.e. “white
roofs”) reflects more sunlight than dark ones do, turning less of the
sun‟s energy into heat. Increasing the reflectance of a building can
reduce the temperature of buildings, and thus, the energy required
to cool them. The incremental cost of installing a white or light-
colored roof results in lower utility bills, and is generally recovered in
one to six years. When replacing the roofs of any town-owned
buildings, reflective roofs should be installed. Finally, the Town
should adopt a policy requiring that all new construction of
municipal buildings and facilities meet strict green building
requirements, whether LEED or otherwise.
STREETLIGHTS AND TRAFFIC SIGNALS
Streetlights and Traffic Signals
ACTION Tons
CO2e
reduced
% towards goal
Replace streetlights with
efficient lamps
27 2.32%
Evaluate lighting districts
and remove unnecessary
lights
n/a n/a
Install LED lamps in
Town-owned lights
n/a n/a
TOTAL 27 2.32%
As of this writing, it is not feasible for the Town to replace streetlights
with LED lamps due to the barriers from the utility and the extreme
cost to the Town associated with taking ownership and control of the
streetlights. Until LED streetlights become a viable option for the
Town, all mercury vapor lamps under the Town‟s control (which are
the least efficient) should be replaced with the more efficient high
pressure sodium lamps. This process can be completed as old lamps
burn out, or by 2020 to meet the 30% GHG emissions reduction
target, whichever comes first. The Town can also take steps to reduce
emissions associated with streetlighting by evaluating existing
lighting districts and removing any unnecessary lights as well as
installing LED lamps in Town-owned lights (i.e., parking lot).
RENEWABLES
Renewables
ACTION Tons
CO2e
reduced
% towards goal
Purchase 10% of
electricity from
Renewable Energy
Certificates (RECs)
207 17.57
Solar Power
Purchase
Agreement
n/a n/a
TOTAL 207 17.57
As the Town implements actions to reduce energy demand, improve
energy efficiency, and utilize renewable energy sources, major cuts in
emissions can be achieved through the purchase of Renewable
Energy Credits or RECs. Until the Town is able to install renewable
energy systems of its own, RECs offset fossil fuel based electricity
consumption through clean, renewable energy. The purchase of RECs
supports the development of new renewable energy generation
capacity nationwide, while significantly reducing the GHG emissions
associated with the Town‟s electricity consumption. The Town should
not delay in purchasing RECs for 10% of its total electricity
consumption, however, treating this measure as a stepping stone to
more substantive and truly local renewable energy generation.
Based on the Town of Ithaca's specific conditions, energy
consumption patterns, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction
goals, solar PV has emerged as the most appropriate renewable
technology for the Town of Ithaca for a number of reasons. More
than 60% of the emissions produced by the Town‟s operations are a
result of electricity consumption, due primarily to lighting loads,
water treatment and pumping loads, and sewer pumping. Other
renewable technologies, such as biomass, geothermal, and solar
thermal are best suited to replace natural gas consumption, which
amounts to a mere 11% of the Town's total emissions. Furthermore,
the benefits and performance of solar PV systems continue to
outweigh the rest due to the high level of reliability and durability,
consistent performance, attractive financing mechanisms, and
minimal maintenance. It is recommended that the Town pursue a
Power Purchase Agreement (PPA), an arrangement between a third
party company and a host customer, whereby the burden and risk
associated with solar power is separated from the advantages to
provide low-cost, reliable renewable energy to the host customer.
Since the Town itself doesn't pay taxes, it cannot access a large part
of the financial incentive structure available (tax credits). A PPA is an
arrangement whereby a third party company purchases and owns
the system, and sells the energy it creates back to the town at a price
that is lower than what the Town currently pays for electricity.
Because the third party company can easily take advantage of all
available incentives as a corporation, the Town has to come up with
little to nothing up front and could still take advantage of the cost
and carbon savings of solar power. For a closer look at the relative
costs and benefits of multiple renewable energy sources, and
resources on Power Purchase Agreements, see Appendix D.
POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS
The Town can support the implementation of these actions by
adopting focused policies to guide decision-making and achieve
desired outcomes. The development and adoption of the following
policies are encouraged to support the actions recommended in this
Energy Action Plan:
Green Fleet Policy
Green Procurement Policy
“Lights Out” Conservation Policy
See Appendix E for sample policies and resources.
INTEGRATION WITH OTHER PLANS
This Energy Action Plan should be included in the Town‟s
Comprehensive Plan as an addendum. Additionally, the updated
Comprehensive Plan includes, for the first time, a focus on
sustainability, with a chapter devoted specifically to energy and
climate protection goals and objectives. Many of the actions
recommended here are reinforced and expanded upon in the Energy
and Climate Protection chapter of the Comprehensive Plan.
EXISTING ACTIONS
The Town of Ithaca has been implementing energy saving,
sustainability actions long before commitments to greenhouse gas
emissions reduction and climate protection were endorsed. Appendix
B highlights a strong tradition of energy efficiency and conservation
within Town operations, which represent a foundation to build upon
as the recommendations detailed in this plan are implemented.
IMPLEMENTATION
This section includes guidelines for the implementation of the actions recommended in this plan. Each action item is accompanied by a description
of where the responsibility for implementation lies, and the approximate timeframe in which the action should be completed.
Water Treatment
Action Item Description Principal Implementer(s)
Timeframe
Energy Efficiency Improvements to
Water Treatment System
Bolton Point Commission with leadership from
the Town of Ithaca Commissioner and the Town
of Ithaca Town Board
Mid-Term complete by 2017
Promote Water Conservation Practices
Amongst Residents
Conservation Board, Bolton Point Commission
Short-Mid-Term 2012-2017
Wastewater Treatment
Action Item Description
Principal Implementer(s) Timeframe
Energy Efficiency Improvements to
Wastewater Treatment Facility
Town Board, Public Works
Short-Term Construction
began 2011 and will finish in
2012-2013
Energy Efficiency Improvements to
Wastewater Pumping Stations
Town Board, Public Works
Short-Mid-Term 2012 - 2017
Vehicle Fleet
Action Item Description
Principal Implementer(s) Timeframe
Utilize Biodiesel (B20) as Fuel Source for
Vehicles
Public Works
Mid-term by 2017
Limit Idling of Heavy Duty Trucks
Public Works
Short-term 2012 – 2014
Limit Idling of all Vehicles
Public Works
Short-term 2012 – 2014
Reduce Vehicle Fleet Mileage
Public Works
Short-Mid-term 2012 – 2017
Optimize Fleet and Vehicle Size
Public Works
Mid-Long-term 2015 – 2020
Maintain and Repair Vehicles Regularly
Public Works
Ongoing 2012 – 2020
Buildings and Facilities
Action Item Description
Principal Implementer(s) Timeframe
Lights Out Policy (electricity
conservation)
Town Supervisor, All Town Staff
Short-term 2012 – 2014
Increase Chiller Efficiency
Public Works
Mid –term 2015 – 2017
Efficient Lighting Retrofits
Public Works
Completed Spring 2011
Energy Efficient Computer Hardware
(Computers, Printers, Monitors)
IT
Short-Mid-term 2012 – 2017
Reflective Roofing
Public Works
Short-term 2012 – 2014
HVAC Fan Upgrades
Public Works
Mid –term 2015 – 2017
Increase Boiler Efficiency
Public Works
Mid –term 2015 – 2017
Municipal Green Building Policy
COC, Town Board
Short-term 2012 – 2014
Streetlights and Traffic Signals
Action Item Description
Principal Implementer(s)
Timeframe
Replace streetlights with efficient lamps
Public Works
Short-Long-term 2012 – 2020
Evaluate lighting districts and remove
unnecessary lights
Public Works
Short-Mid-term 2012 – 2017
Install LED lamps in Town-owned lights
Public Works
Mid-Long-term 2015 – 2020
Renewables
Action Item Description
Principal Implementer(s)
Timeframe
Purchase 10% or more of electricity
from Renewable Energy Credits (RECs)
Accounting
Short-term 2012, ongoing
Solar Power Purchase Agreement
Town Board, Accounting
Mid-Long-term 2015 – 2020
APPENDIX A: GOVERNMENT GHG EMISSIONS INVENTORY RESULTS
Sector Emissions
Buildings and Facilities
The four buildings owned and operated by the Town of Ithaca were responsible for 6% of
overall emissions. They used 3,133 MMBtus of energy and emitted 229 tons of CO2e, costing
the town $56,419 annually.
Streetlights/Traffic Signals
The streetlights and traffic signals under the jurisdiction of the town in 2009 were responsible
for 2.4% of overall emissions, using 867 MMBtus of energy, emitting 92 tons of CO2e, at a
total cost of $29,025.
Water Delivery Facilities
The Southern Cayuga Lake Intermunicipal Water Commission, a.k.a. Bolton Point, is jointly
owned by five municipalities in the county. The 21 pump stations provide water to 5,900 total
housing units and nearly 5,000 housing units in the Town of Ithaca using 17,300 MMBtus and
emitting 1,774 tons of CO2e at a cost of $459,479.
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Given the joint ownership structure explained previously, this inventory measured 42% of the
energy consumption, CO2e output, and cost associated with the Town of Ithaca‟s proportional share of ownership. The Town‟s share of emissions
from the Ithaca Area Wastewater Treatment Facility in 2009 represented 20% of overall government emissions, using 8,249 MMBtus of energy,
emitting 784 tons of CO2e, and costing the Town $278,734.
Vehicle Fleet
Due to gaps in data, 2010 data, which was comparable to 2009, was used to calculate emissions from the Town of Ithaca‟s vehicle and equipment
fleet. There are 86 vehicles in the Town‟s fleet, which comprises 23.3% of overall CO2e emissions. The fleet used 11,486 MMBtus of energy, and
emitted 915 tons of CO2e, which cost the Town $74,937.
Employee Commute
Employees at Town Hall, Public Works, and Bolton Point were surveyed in order to better understand commuting patterns, which the Town of
Ithaca may have some influence over by incentivizing activities that promote energy-savings, such as alternative modes of transportation,
carpooling, etc. Employee commuting in 2009 represented 3.4% of overall emissions, using 5,512 MMBtus of energy, emitting 134 tons of CO2e,
costing government employees a total of $116,914.
Source Emissions
Electricity was the primary source of emissions for the Town of Ithaca‟s operations in 2009, with 60% of emissions resulting from electricity to
power buildings, facilities, and pumps associated with water and wastewater treatment. Gasoline accounted for 16% of emissions, with diesel fuel
and natural gas representing 11%. 2% of overall emissions are attributable to methane from the wastewater treatment plant.
Energy Costs
Overall, the Town of Ithaca spent $1,015,508 in 2009 on energy. Employee commuting costs are incurred directly by individual employees,
therefore making the actual cost of energy for government operations $934,632. The greatest energy expense is the water treatment facility,
accounting for 43% of all energy costs. The Town‟s share of the wastewater treatment facility accounts for 27% of overall energy costs, with the
fleet representing 11% of overall energy spending by the Town. 6% of energy expenditures are in the Town‟s buildings, while less than 1% is spend
on streetlights.
APPENDIX B: EXISTING ACTIONS
Town Hall
Efficient lighting retrofit completed
Uses daylight for space lighting
Member of Tompkins County Solid Waste “ReBusiness Program,” and working to enhance recycling and waste reduction strategies
Public Works
Purchases used and refurbished vehicles and equipment when possible
Most byproducts/waste collected and generated are reused in some way: leaves to compost, dirt and gravel from excavation to road
material, brush and downed trees to mulch
Lubricants, oil, hydraulic fluid and antifreeze from vehicle fleet are collected and returned to vendor where it is reprocessed and made
available for reuse
Vehicle/equipment lending and borrowing system with neighboring towns
Energy efficient lighting in Public Works office facility
Uses solar power for remote bank monitoring
Ithaca Area Wastewater Treatment Facility
Methane from digesters provides 100% of the heat for the digesters, ¼ of electricity needs, and some heat for the buildings
Recently entered into a building performance contract and is expected to reduce CO2e emissions by 961 tons annually (67% from
electricity reductions, 33% from natural gas.) With a 42% share of the plant, the Town of Ithaca can expect to reduce emissions by 404 tons
CO2e annually. Over the next 20 years, it is estimated that IAWWTF will save close to $9 million in utility costs, based on a mutually agreed
upon 3.5% annual escalation rate.
Bolton Point Water Treatment Facility
Preliminary walk-through audit to assess energy savings opportunities completed
Occupancy sensors in main facility
Energy efficiency lighting in main facility
Community Partnerships
Intermunicipal Sustainability Collaboration
County-wide Energy Campaign
Tompkins County Council of Governments
Tompkins County Climate Protection Initiative
APPENDIX C: B20 FLEET CASE STUDY – TOMPKINS COUNTY
In 2008 Tompkins County Legislature passed a resolution adding an energy and greenhouse gas emissions element to the County‟s comprehensive
plan. In 2009 the Tompkins County Planning department implemented a green fleet policy. The policy set a goal of 10% reduction in greenhouse
gas (GHG) emissions in 5 years using 2008 as a baseline year and an 80% reduction by 2050. After examining several options to reduce greenhouse
gas emissions, it became evident that the use of biodiesel was the easiest and most cost effective method of reduction. The Alternative Fuels
Consortium was formed to explore availability and pricing. After several meetings a request for bid was advertised. Tompkins County Highway
Division received their first load of B20 biodiesel on April 9, 2009 the provider was Mirabito Energy. Initially biodiesel had very little effect on the
fleet performance. Biodiesel did not create any substantial changes in engine power. Engine efficiency remained within 2% compared to ultra low
sulfur diesel fuel. After 10 to 14 days of biodiesel being in service, some vehicles in addition to the fuel dispensing pumps required fuel filter
replacement. This was due to the solvent like nature of biofuels. The biodiesel tends to loosen any built up dirt or debris (corrosion, wax buildup)
in the fuel system. As the particles are loosened they are trapped in the systems fuel filter clogging it and restricting fuel flow into the engine. No
TOMPKINS COUNTY HIGHWAY DIVISION
Jeffery V. Lucas, Equipment Service
Manager170 Bostwick Road, Ithaca, NY 14850
607-274-0300
further issues were noted after the fuel filters were changed. One very noticeable difference in the use biodiesel is the engine exhaust smell.
Standard ultralow sulfur diesel has a harsh smell that in close quarters tends to burn the eyes. Biodiesel has a distinct “French fry” smell that is
much more tolerable and is somewhat liked by shop personnel.
Highway continued the use of B20 until the fall of 2009. Concerns regarding the performance of the biodiesel in the winter months, because of
the higher temperature at which biodiesel gels (a condition where the fuel goes from a liquid to a gel state, disabling the engine). Its use was
discontinued on November 3, 2009. The use of B20 resumed the following June. No issues such as fuel filter replacements were necessary during
the second introduction of B20. The use of B20 continued through the summer and into the fall of 2010. After additional research it was decided to
use biodiesel throughout the winter in order to further push reduction goals. The concerns about biodiesel performance in winter months
remained. We felt the use of biodiesel in the winter months would be possible though because the Highway dept. stores fuel underground. The
stored fuel is maintained at a constant 50 to 55 degrees. Also all mainline snow and ice vehicles are stored in a heated building when not in use.
When the vehicles are in use the radiant engine heat tends to warm returning fuel to approximately 85 to 90 degrees. It was decided to reduce the
bio mix to a 10% blend in hopes to lower the gel temp of the fuel. In November of 2010 Tompkins County Highway received its first load of B10
biodiesel. B10 was used throughout the winter months with absolutely no adverse effects. There were absolutely no cases of engine failure due to
fuel gel caused by B10. Highway switched the biodiesel blend back to B20 in the spring of 2011 and its use has continued to date. In November
of this year we intend to return to B10 for the winter season.
To date Tompkins County Highway has received 87,500 gallons of B20 biodiesel and 35,000 gallons of B10 blend resulting in a reduction of
348,250 pounds of GHG. On average the cost of biodiesel is $0.40 to $0.50 more than ultra low sulfur diesel depending on the blend. Total cost of
the bio portion of the fuel for the 122,500 gallons is $55,125.00. The cost per pound of GHG reduced is $0.16.
APPENDIX D: RENEWABLES
The utilization of renewable, non-GHG-producing energy – particularly solar generated electricity – could make a significant contribution to GHG
reduction within Town of Ithaca government operations. With energy efficiency as the foundation in a succession of efforts aimed at reducing
energy consumption, lowering GHG emissions, and improving air quality, renewable energy is a critical component of the town‟s overall energy
strategy. Research findings on the feasibility of various renewable energy options for the Town are summarized below:
Solar PV
DESCRIPTION:
Solar PV is likely the most feasible and effective renewable energy option for the Town given the reliability and performance of the systems, the
Town‟s high percentage of electricity consumption (60%), and the attractive financing mechanisms available through state and federal agencies.
The Town has numerous facilities with several thousand square feet of roof space to support roof-mounted systems, as well as dozens of acres
potentially available for ground-mounted systems. NYSERDA currently provides incentives for the installation of new solar electric of PV systems,
reimbursing customers $1,750 per kW for systems up to 50 kW. In general, incentives for a typical residential or commercial system cover
approximately 25-35% of the installed cost of a PV System but not more than 40%, after all tax credits are applied. More information can be found
at: http://www.nyserda.org/funding/2112pon.asp
The most attractive financing option for municipalities and for the Town of Ithaca is clearly a Power Purchase Agreement, which is described in the
“Proposed Actions” section of this plan. To learn more about Power Purchase Agreements, visit:
http://www.epa.gov/greenpower/buygp/solarpower.htm
The Town of Ithaca has also applied for the New York Power Authority‟s “100 MW Solar PV Initiative,” which if selected, would enable the Town to
serve as a host site to a solar PV system without the responsibility of maintenance and repair or the increased costs of renewable energy. NYPA
expects to notify eligible participants of their status by Fall 2011. To learn more visit: http://www.nypa.gov/solar/100mw/default.htm
RECOMMENDATION:
The Town of Ithaca should proceed with a solar site evaluation from a local renewable energy contracting company.
Solar Thermal
DESCRIPTION:
Solar thermal is one of the most cost effective renewable energy measures available for domestic hot water users in residential buildings. The hot
water consumption in the Town‟s buildings is a small portion of the overall water consumption, and thus, overall natural gas usage. This renewable
technology is best suited to the residential sector, and is highly incentivized by NYSERDA and the federal government. NYSERDA‟s “Solar Thermal
Incentive” provides incentives for electrically heated hot water, with some funding available for natural gas systems. This program covers
approximately 15-20% of installed costs, and can be reviewed here: http://www.nyserda.org/funding/2149attg.pdf
The state provides a tax rebate to commercial entities of 25% of installed costs up to $50,000, which the Town is unable to access due to its tax
exempt status. Similarly, the federal government provides a tax rebate of 30%, which is also unavailable to municipalities. This information,
however, can be useful when implementing the community-wide emissions reduction plan.
RECOMMENDATION:
Because its best application is residential, and the available financing mechanisms are not accessible to the Town (our systems are natural gas and
we are not able to access the federal tax rebate), solar thermal is not recommended as a renewable option for the Town at present. If more
attractive financing options for municipal or commercial applications become available, the Town should pursue solar thermal given its quick
return on investment.
Wind
DESCRIPTION:
NYSERDA‟s Small Wind Explorer calculator (http://nyswe.awstruepower.com) rates potential wind energy sites for the Town - Town Hall, Public
Works, and Bolton Point - as „Very Poor‟ for wind resources. Through its “On-site Wind Turbine Incentive Program,” NYSERDA provides $3.50/kWh
up to 10,000 kWh and an additional $1.00/kWh beyond 10,000 kWh, capped at $400,000 per site. In general, NYSERDA does not recommend nor
will it consider funding projects on sites rated as „Very Poor.‟ Overall, wind resources (speed, consistency, turbulence) are not suitable for small-
scale commercial wind generation in the area. To learn more about the program, visit: http://www.nyserda.org/funding/2097summary.pdf
RECOMMENDATION:
The Town should not proceed with on-site wind generation at these particular sites, but should keep in mind the incentive programs to support
community wind projects on sites with better wind resources that come about in the future.
Biomass
DESCRIPTION:
Biomass is slowly emerging as a viable option for heating in the region. While many obstacles and barriers to wide adoption still exist, production
potential is estimated to have the capacity to power nearly half of the households in Tompkins County. There are well over a hundred thousand
acres in Tompkins County that are underutilized when it comes to their potential for producing biomass, including roughly 40,000 acres of fallow
fields or inactive farmlands that, with little or no inputs, could be harvested for standing biomass1. Additionally, local renewable energy installers
are beginning to include biomass systems installations as part of their offerings. To learn more about biomass initiatives in New York State, visit the
New York Biomass Energy Alliance at: http://newyorkbiomass.org/
RECOMMENDATION:
While current biomass programs through NYSERDA support research and development, it is likely that residential and commercial incentives will
become available as technologies and production capacity improves. When the Town is faced with replacing its boilers at Town Hall, Public Works,
and Bolton Point, a feasibility study under NYSERDA‟s “Flex-Tech” program (a 50% cost-sharing incentive) should be conducted to consider
biomass as a heat source. To learn more about “Flex-Tech” visit: http://www.nyserda.org/programs/flextech.asp
Geothermal
DESCRIPTION:
The Town of Ithaca is scheduled to replace the Town Hall parking lot in the next year, raising questions about whether the time is ripe to explore a
geothermal system, which requires excavation to install pipes in the ground. A feasibility study costing somewhere between $10,000 and $15,000
would be the first step in exploring a geothermal system. Rough calculations completed by Taitem Engineering in the Spring of 2011 revealed that
Town Hall alone would require a 42-ton system at a minimum cost of $800,000.
RECOMMENDATION:
Without any funding opportunities available through NYSERDA at this point, a geothermal system is highly cost prohibitive to the Town in the
short-term and should not be pursued under current conditions.
District Energy
1 Excerpted from Cornell Cooperative Extension of Tompkins County report, “Preparatory Work for Establishing a Nonfood Biomass-Based Energy
Industry in Tompkins County,” 2011.
DESCRIPTION:
The Town is part of a task force comprised of representatives from the County, Ithaca College, the Ithaca Downtown Alliance, the Tompkins County
Climate Protection Initiative, and other stakeholders charged with exploring funding sources for a feasibility study on the potential of a district
energy combined heat and power plant on South Hill. This plant could provide heat and power to the largest energy users in the area, including
most County, City, and Town buildings, the Ithaca Commons, Ithaca College, the South Hill Business Campus, the now-defunct Emerson Complex,
and several other commercial and residential entities.
RECOMMENDATION:
Although this effort is in its initial stages and requires long-term planning, the Town should stay involved and support in any way possible to
ensure success and take advantage of the opportunity to save money and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, while facilitating the development of
local renewable energy generation.
APPENDIX E: POLICY TEMPLATES
Sample Policies and Resources
Green Fleet
Guidance on policy development:
http://www.garfieldcleanenergy.org/pdf/transportation/2010FleetsWkshp/G-NECI-Fleet-Policy-Guidelines.pdf
Tompkins County Green Fleet Policy:
http://www.tompkins-co.org/ctyadmin/policy/documents/01-44.pdf
City of Seattle Green Fleet Policy:
http://www.cityofseattle.net/environment/Documents/CleanGreenFleetAP.pdf
Green Procurement Policy
ICLEI Resource Guide: Environmentally Preferable Purchasing:
http://www.icleiusa.org/action-center/learn-from-
others/Environmentally_Preferable_Procurement_Guide_FINAL.pdf/?searchterm=procurement
Town of New Castle, NY
http://www.newcastle-ny.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=766:green-procurement-policy&catid=142:green-
businesses&Itemid=331
City of Portland, OR: Sustainable Procurement Policy:
http://www.responsiblepurchasing.org/UserFiles/File/Portland,%20OR_SustainableProcurementPolicyFinal_2008.pdf
APPENDIX F: CLIMATE SMART COMMUNITIES RESOLUTION
STUDY SESSION OF THE ITHACA TOWN BOARD
MONDAY, APRIL 27, 2009
TB RESOLUTION NO. 2009-086: Town of Ithaca Resolution to Participate in New York State Department of Environmental
Conservation “Climate Smart Communities” Initiative
WHEREAS, the Town of Ithaca Board believes that climate change poses a real and increasing threat to our local and global
environments which is primarily due to the burning of fossil fuels; and
WHEREAS, the effects of climate change may endanger our infrastructure, economy and livelihoods; harm our farms, orchards,
ecological communities, including native fish and wildlife populations; reduce drinking water supplies; and pose potential health
threats to our citizens; and
WHEREAS, we believe that our response to climate change provides us with an unprecedented opportunity to save money, and to
build livable, energy-independent and secure communities, vibrant innovation economies, healthy and safe schools, and resilient
infrastructures; and
WHEREAS, we believe the scale of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions required for climate stabilization will require
sustained and substantial efforts; and
WHEREAS, we believe that even if emissions were dramatically reduced today, communities would still be required to adapt to the
effects of climate change for decades to come,
IT IS HEREBY RESOLVED that Town of Ithaca, in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to a changing climate will
1. Combat Climate Change by Becoming a Climate Smart Community
Set goals to reduce GHG emissions and adapt to predicted climatic changes. Establish a task force of local officials and community
members to review the issues and propose a plan of action. Work cooperatively with similar task forces in neighboring communities
to ensure that efforts complement and reinforce one another.
2. Set Goals, Inventory Emissions, Move to Action
Gather data, inventory GHG gas emissions, and establish baselines for local government operations and community sectors.
Develop quantifiable interim GHG emission targets consistent with emission reduction goals and propose a schedule and financing
strategy to meet them. Encourage stakeholder and public input and develop an action plan. Report emissions to The Climate
Registry (TCR), which has developed a standardized method for reporting emissions inventories; track and evaluate progress.
3. Decrease Energy Demand for Local Government Operations
Adopt a goal of reducing electricity use by 15 percent from projected levels no later than 2015.
Existing Public Facilities. Inventory current building electricity usage and identify opportunities for conservation and efficiency
retrofits. Obtain energy assessments from the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA), the New
York Power Authority, the Long Island Power Authority or other professionals. Consider actions such as purchasing energy efficient
equipment and appliances, such as ENERGY STAR®; improving lighting, heating, and cooling efficiency; setting thermostats for
maximum energy conservation; decreasing plug load from office equipment; and increasing pump efficiency in water and wastewater
systems.
New Public Buildings. Achieve at least minimum U.S. Green Building Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
standards (LEED Silver) for all new local government buildings.
Infrastructure. Incorporate energy efficient technologies and operations and maintenance practices into municipal street lighting,
traffic signals, and water and wastewater treatment facilities.
Vehicle Fleet and Commuting. Improve the average fuel efficiency of local government fleet vehicles. Discourage vehicle idling and
encourage bicycling, car-pooling and public transit for employees. Consider reducing the number of vehicles; converting fleet
vehicles to sustainable alternative fuels; and using electric vehicles where possible.
4. Encourage Renewable Energy for Local Government Operations
Supply as much of the local government's power, heat and hot water needs as is deemed feasible from solar, wind, and small hydro
through purchase or direct generation.
5. Realize Benefits of Recycling and Other Climate Smart Solid Waste Management Practices
Expand the "reduce, reuse and recycle" approach to waste management in local government operations and in the whole
community. Reduce the amount of solid waste generated -- promote backyard composting and educate residents on how to prevent
waste. Provide recycling receptacles in local government buildings and outdoor spaces, require duplex printing in government
offices, compost food scraps and green waste, and develop a comprehensive green purchasing program.
6. Promote Climate Protection through Community Land Use Planning
Combat climate change by encouraging low-emissions development that is resilient to climatic changes. When updating land use
policies, building codes or community plans, include provisions to combat climate change; reduce sprawl; preserve and protect open
space, biodiversity, and water supplies; promote compact, transit-oriented, bikeable and walkable communities; promote infill
development; minimize new development in floodplains; maintain or establish healthy community forests; and promote best forest
management practices and encourage tree planting, especially along waterways, to increase shading and to absorb carbon dioxide.
7. Plan for Adaptation to Unavoidable Climate Change
Evaluate risks from unavoidable climate change, set adaptation goals and plan for adaptation. Identify climate change impacts (such
as flooding, drought, and extreme temperatures) that could affect the community. Identify areas such as water supply and sewer
infrastructure that may be at risk due to future changes in climate. Factor risks into long-term investments and decision-making.
Execute climate change adaptation and preparedness measures through local government planning, development and operations,
giving priority to the highest risk areas.
8. Support a Green Innovation Economy
Identify opportunities to incorporate climate protection, sustainability and environmental goods and service industries into economic
development plans. Encourage workforce development training and school curricula that support the emerging green collar job
sector, including renewable energy and energy efficiency, as well as climate smart solid waste management practices. Procure
climate smart goods and services for local government operations.
9. Inform and Inspire the Public
Lead by example. Highlight local government commitment to reducing energy use and adapting to changing conditions. Demonstrate
the benefits of energy savings, energy efficiency, and renewable energy projects by hosting open houses; holding local meetings;
working with school districts, colleges, and universities to develop climate change curricula and programs; and regularly
communicating community climate protection goals and progress to constituents.
10. Commit to an Evolving Process
Acknowledge that research and policy on climate protection are constantly improving and evolving. Be willing to consider new ideas
and commit to update plans and policies as needed. Compare successes, cooperate and collaborate with neighboring communities
to redirect less-effective actions and amplify positive results.
MOVED: Councilwoman Hunter
SECONDED: Councilman DePaolo
VOTE: Supervisor Engman, aye; Councilwoman Leary, aye; Councilman Stein, aye; Councilman Goodman, aye; Councilman
Levine, aye; Councilman DePaolo, aye; Councilwoman Hunter, aye. Carried unanimously.
APPENDIX G: TOOLS AND RESOURCES
ICLEI – www.icleiusa.org
ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability is an association of city and county governments dedicated to improving global environmental
conditions through cumulative local action. ICLEI encourages action by focusing on improvement to the quality of life for the entire community by
reducing greenhouse gas emissions (e.g. improving air quality, reducing traffic congestion and achieving financial savings for residents and
businesses). In 2005 alone, local government members of ICLEI reduced their greenhouse gas emissions by 23 million tons. This translates to about
$600 million in annual cumulative savings, largely on energy expenditures. The Town‟s GHG emissions inventory and subsequent energy action
planning was largely supported by the software tools developed by ICLEI and the technical expertise provided by its program staff. The Clean Air
Climate Protection (CACP) software was utilized to calculate GHG emissions from local government sources and the Climate and Air Pollution
Planning Assistant (CAPPA) software was utilized to quantify the GHG emissions reductions associated with the actions recommended in this plan
to reach reduction targets.
Sustainable Cities Institute - www.sustainablecitiesinstitute.org/view/page.home/home
The Sustainable Cities Institute (SCI) is a tool that allows cities to utilize a holistic, long-term approach to sustainability planning and
implementation of healthy communities. The SCI website is a dynamic online toolbox that is shaped by its users, who post, comment and
contribute to the website. From its homepage, users can navigate through technical silos including Economic Development, Water, Materials
Management, Land Use and Transportation; as well as through classrooms, communication labs, a planning center and a library. In addition, there
are forums, webinars, a calendar, City Profiles and an interactive “Sustainable City” map. The website provides a number of resources, including
sample policies, ordinances, plans, case studies, reports, and more related to urban sprawl, inner-city and brownfield redevelopment, economic
development and growth, ecosystem management, agriculture, hydrology, biodiversity, green buildings, energy conservation, watershed
management, and pollution prevention.
Funding Opportunities and Technical Assistance
New York State Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) – www.NYSERDA.org
New York Power Authority (NYPA) – www.NYPA.gov
New York State Electric and Gas (NYSEG) – www.NYSEG.com
Department of Energy (DOE) – www.energy.gov