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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2018 Town of Ithaca Audit Report FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF TOWN OF ITHACA ITHACA, NEW YORK FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 TOWN OF ITHACA INDEX December 31, 2018 Tab Independent Auditor’s Report 1 Management’s Discussion and Analysis 2 Financial Statements 3 Independent Auditor’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting and on Compliance and Other Matters Based on an Audit of Financial Statements Performed in Accordance with Government Auditing Standards4 TOWN OF ITHACA TABLE OF CONTENTS December 31, 2018 Page Independent Auditor’s Report ......................................................................................................... - Management’s Discussion and Analysis .............................................................................. I-XVIII Statement of Net Position ............................................................................................................ 1-2 Statement of Activities .....................................................................................................................3 Balance Sheet – Governmental Funds .............................................................................................4 Reconciliation of the Total Fund Balances Shown in the Governmental Funds to Governmental Activities Shown in the Statement of Net Position ......................................................................................................................................5 Statement of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balances – Governmental Funds ........................................................................................... 6-7 Reconciliation of the Statement of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance of the Governmental Funds to the Change in Net Position of Governmental Activities Shown in the Statement of Activities ........................................................................................................... 8-9 Statement of Net Position – Proprietary Funds ..............................................................................10 Statement of Revenues, Expenses, and Changes in Fund Net Position – Proprietary Funds .....................................................................................................................11 Statement of Cash Flows – Proprietary Funds ...............................................................................12 Statement of Fiduciary Net Position – Agency Funds ...................................................................13 Notes to Financial Statements .................................................................................................. 14-43 Schedule of Changes in Total OPEB Liability and Related Ratios ...............................................44 Schedule of Revenues and Expenditures Compared to Budget – Major Funds .............................................................................................................................45 Schedule of the Town’s Proportionate Share of the Net Pension Liability ...................................46 Schedule of the Town’s Pension Contributions .............................................................................47 Capital Projects Fund – Detailed Balance Sheet………………… ................................................48 Capital Projects Fund – Detailed Revenues and Expenditures…… ..............................................49 Independent Auditor’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting and on Compliance and Other Matters Based on an Audit of Financial Statements Performed in Accordance with Government Auditing Standards........................................................................................ 50-52 INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT Supervisor and Town Board Town of Ithaca Ithaca, New York 14850 Report on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying financial statements of the governmental activities, the business-type activities, each major fund, and the aggregate remaining fund information of the Town of Ithaca, NY, as of and for the year ended December 31, 2018, and the related notes to the financial statements, which collectively comprise the Town’s basic financial statements as listed in the table of contents. Management’s Responsibility for the Financial Statements Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America; this includes the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. Auditor’s Responsibility Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America and the standards applicable to financial audits contained in Government Auditing Standards, issued by the Comptroller General of the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement. An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion. 521!Fbtu!Vqmboe!Spbe Juibdb-!Ofx!Zpsl!!25961 xxx/txdmmq/dpn 718.383.6661!0!718.384.7468!)Gby* Opinion In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the respective financial position of the governmental activities, the business-type activities, each major fund, and the aggregate remaining fund information of the Town of Ithaca, NY, as of December 31, 2018, and the respective changes in financial position and, where applicable, cash flows thereof for the year then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Other Matters Required Supplementary Information Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America require that the Management’s Discussion and Analysis (pages I-XVIII), the Schedule of Changes in Total OPEB Liability and Related Ratios (page 44), the Schedule of Revenues and Expenditures Compared to Budget - Major Funds (page 45), the Schedule of the Town’s Proportionate Share of the Net Pension Liability (page 46), and the Schedule of the Town’s Pension Contributions (page 47), be presented to supplement the basic financial statements. Such information, although not a part of the basic financial statements, is required by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board who considers it to be an essential part of financial reporting for placing the basic financial statements in an appropriate operational, economic, or historical context. We have applied certain limited procedures to the required supplementary information in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America, which consisted of inquiries of management about the methods of preparing the information and comparing the information for consistency with management’s responses to our inquiries, the basic financial statements, and other knowledge we obtained during our audit of the basic financial statements. We do not express an opinion or provide any assurance on the information because the limited procedures do not provide us with sufficient evidence to express an opinion or provide any assurance. Other Information Our audit was conducted for the purpose of forming an opinion on the financial statements that collectively comprise the Town of Ithaca’s basic financial statements. The supplementary information presented on pages 48 through 49 is presented for purposes of additional analysis and are not a required part of the basic financial statements. The information is the responsibility of management and was derived from and relates directly to the underlying accounting and other records used to prepare the basic financial statements. Such information has been subjected to the auditing procedures applied in the audit of the basic financial statements and certain additional procedures, including comparing and reconciling such information directly to the underlying accounting and other records used to prepare the basic financial statements or to the basic financial statements themselves, and other additional procedures in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. In our opinion, the information is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the basic financial statements as a whole. Other Reporting Required by Government Auditing Standards In accordance with Government Auditing Standards, we have also issued our report dated October 18, 2019 on our consideration of the Town of Ithaca’s internal control over financial reporting and on our tests of its compliance with certain provisions of laws, regulations, contracts, and grant agreements and other matters. The purpose of that report is to describe the scope of our testing of internal control over financial reporting and compliance and the results of that testing, and not to provide an opinion on internal control over financial reporting or on compliance.That report is an integral part of an audit performed in accordance with Government Auditing Standards in considering Town of Ithaca’s internal control over financial reporting and compliance. Sciarabba Walker & Co., LLP Ithaca, New York October 18, 2019 The following is a discussion and analysis of the Town of Ithaca’s financial performance for the year ended December 31, 2018. The Town of Ithaca discussion and analysis is designed to (a) assist the reader in focusing on significant financial issues, (b) provide an overview of the Town’s financial activity, (c) identify changes in the Town’s financial position (its ability to address the next and subsequent year challenges), (d) identify any material deviations from the financial plan (the approved budget), and (e) identify individual fund issues or concerns. The section is a summary of the Town’s financial activities based on currently known facts, decisions, or conditions as provided by the Town’s Finance Officer. It is also based on both the government-wide and fund-based financial statements. The results of the current year are discussed in comparison with the prior year, with an emphasis placed on the current year. This section is only an introduction and should be read in conjunction with the Town’s financial statements, which immediately follow this section. HIGHLIGHTS Financial Highlights: The Town’s net position, as reflected in the Statement of Net Position, increased by $1,746,241 (7.19%). Revenue, as reflected in the Statement of Activities, increased $1,001,888 (5.19%). Expenditures increased by $507,449 (2.81%). The General Town-wide Fund (the primary operating fund) fund balance increased by $413,775 (7.92%) for the year ended December 31, 2018. Town Highlights: Year-end fund balance increased in general, highway, and capital projects and decreased in fire fund for major Town funds in Fiscal Year 2018. In Fiscal Year 2018, the Town received prepaid property taxes of $488,787. $228,045 of which was allocated to the following funds: $75,405 general, $56,651 highway, $74,957 fire, $15,567 water, $4,703 sewer, and $762 lighting districts. These amounts have been reflected within the governmental funds as deferred inflows of resources. The remaining balance of $260,742 is cash due to the County which has been reflected within the general funds as a due to other governments at year-end. During 2018, the Town added a Highway Town-Wide Fund. This fund is combined with the Highway Part-Town Fund for financial statements purposes. G ENERAL F UND - Fund equity increased by $413,775, with revenues and other sources of $6,334,819 exceeding expenditures and other uses of $5,921,043. Sales and mortgage taxes both increased while real property taxes, departmental income and state aid per capita decreased compared to 2017. Ending fund balance totaled $5,635,251, which includes reserves of $832,626 for the Parks and Open Space Plan Reserve, $235,096 for the General Benefit Reserve, $40,173 in the Preserve Maintenance Reserve, $9,752 in the Land I Stewardship Reserve and $4,426 in the Cemetery Maintenance Reserve. (Townwide + Part- Town + Risk) H IGHWAY F UND - With revenues and other sources of $4,386,103 exceeding expenditures and other uses of $3,740,160, fund equity increased by $645,943. Ending fund balance of $2,913,454 includes reserves of $283,905 for the Highway Equipment Reserve and $79,412 for the General Benefit Reserve. (Townwide + Part-Town) W ATER F UND - For Fiscal Year 2018, the net position of the Water Fund decreased by $1,744,286. Operating and non-operating expenditures totaling $5,935,793 exceeded operating and non-operating revenues of $4,191,507. Year-end net position of $6,260,798 includes $23,838 for the General Benefit Reserve. S EWER F UND - Net position of the Sewer Fund increased by $51,571 in Fiscal Year 2018. Operating and non-operating revenues of $2,790,453 exceeded operating and non-operating expenditures of $2,738,882. Net position at year-end of $5,418,841 includes $12,046 for the General Benefit Reserve. F IRE P ROTECTION F UND - With expenses of $3,349,006 exceeding revenues of $3,280,530, fund equity decreased by $68,476 to total $2,010,352 at year-end. The Town of Ithaca has an informal policy to maintain the fund balance percentage of any fund, calculated as the percentage of the fund’s year-end unreserved net assets compared to the next year’s budgeted expenditures, at a minimum of 25%. A 25% fund balance percentage represents the approximate amount necessary to cover the expense of three months of operations.For the year ended December 31, 2018, all major funds exceeded this 25% goal. Collections of sales taxes and mortgage tax increased in Fiscal Year 2018. S ALES T AX - Collections increased to $3,388,799 in 2018 from the previous year’s total of $3,184,969, an increase of $203,830 or 6.40%. Sales tax revenues are split between General Fund and Highway Fund. M ORTGAGE T AX - Collections for 2018 totaled $299,934, an increase of $20,143 or 7.20% over the previous year’s total of $279,791. Year-end balances for the Town’s reserve accounts either increased or decreased over the prior year and are as follows: P ARKS AND O PEN S PACE P LAN R ESERVE -The General Fund includes reserve funds designated for the purpose of future park development and the purchasing of development rights, as outlined in the Town’s Parks and Open Space Plan. The balance at year-end was $832,626. H IGHWAY E QUIPMENT R ESERVE - The Highway Fund includes reserve funds established for the purchase/replacement of highway equipment and machinery. The balance at year-end was $283,905. II G ENERAL B ENEFIT R ESERVE - The General Fund, Highway Fund, Water Fund, and Sewer Fund equity includes reserve funds established for managing unanticipated increases in employee fringe benefit costs (e.g. NYS Retirement, Health Insurance). The aggregate balance at year-end was $350,392. P RESERVE M AINTENANCE R ESERVE -The General Townwide Fund includes reserve funds designated for the maintenance of the Pine Tree Wildlife Preserve, donated to the Town in 2013. In conjunction with the donation of the land, the amount of $40,000 was also donated to provide for future maintenance of the preserve. The balance at year end was $40,173. L AND S TEWARDSHIP R ESERVE - In 2014, the Town purchased the development rights to the Indian Creek Farm with financial assistance through a State of New York grant. This grant included $10,000 to be held in reserve by the Town, designated for the future stewardship of the Indian Creek Farmlands. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the balance of this reserve totaled $9,752. C EMETERY M AINTENANCE R ESERVE –The General Townwide Fund includes reserve funds designated for the maintenance of the cemetery. The balance at year end was $4,426. The Capital Improvement Program (CIP) process continues to be improved and refined. Timely project reviews, detailed mapping, design, planning, and the development of five- year budget projections have strengthened the fiscal accountability of the Town’s CIP, improving the Town’s ability to analyze the cost of future borrowing needs and the potential impact that such long-term borrowing would have on the property tax levy and property tax rates. This analytical process assists the Town Board in prioritizing those projects that will better serve the needs of the Town residents and maintain the quality of the Town’s transportation, water and sewer infrastructures. C ONSTITUTIONAL D EBT L IMIT - The Town of Ithaca maintains a very low direct debt burden. At year-end the Town had exhausted only 3.02% of its debt-contracting power. On November 8, 2018, Moody’s Investors Service assigned an Aa1 rating to the 2018 Bond Issue. The Aa1 rating reflects the Town’s “moderately-sized tax base supported by above- average resident wealth and income and higher education anchors Cornell University and Ithaca College. The Town further benefits from a strong financial position and ample reserves, as well as manageable debt and pension burdens.” Moody’s notes that “financial management is strong as evidenced by consistently healthy reserves.” OVERVIEW OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS This annual report consists of three parts: MD&A (this section), the basic financial statements, and required supplementary information. The basic financial statements include two kinds of statements that present different views of the Town: The first two statements are government-wide financial statements that provide both short-term and long-term information about the Town’s overall financial status. III The remaining statements are fund financial statements that focus on individual parts of the Town, reporting the Town’s operations in more detail than the government-wide statements. The fund financial statements concentrate on the Town’s most significant funds. Thegovernmental funds statements tell how basic services were financed in the short term as well as what remains for future spending. The governmental activities include most of the Town’s basic services such as public safety, parks and recreation, and general administration. Property taxes finance most of these activities. Theproprietary funds provide the same type of information as the government-wide financial statements, only in more detail. Enterprise funds are used to report the funds presented as business-type activities in the government-wise financial statements. The enterprise funds are those that the Town charges customers to provide. These include the sewer and water services offered by the Town. Fiduciary fundsstatements provide information about the financial relationships in which the Town acts solely as a trustee or agent for the benefit of others. The financial statements also include notes that explain some of the information in the statements and provide more detailed data. The statements are followed by a section of required supplementary information that further explains and supports the financial statements with a comparison of the Town’s budget for the year. GOVERNMENT-WIDE STATEMENTS The government-wide statements report information about the Town as a whole using accounting methods similar to those used by private-sector companies. The statement of net position includes all of the Town’s assets and liabilities. All of the current year’s revenues and expenses are accounted for in the statement of activities regardless of when cash is received or paid. The two government-wide statements report the Town’s net position and how they have changed. Net position, the difference between the Town’s assets and liabilities, is one way to measure the Town’s financial health or position. Over time, increases or decreases in the Town’s net position are an indicator of whether its financial position is improving or deteriorating, respectively. To assess the Town’s overall health, you need to consider additional non-financial factors such as changes in the Town’s property tax base and the condition of facilities and infrastructures. In the government-wide financial statements, the Town’s activities are shown as governmental activities and business-type activities. The Town’s basic services are included as governmental activities such as road maintenance (transportation), and administration (general governmental support). Property taxes finance most of these activities. Business-type activities are reported separately as they recover most of their expenses through charges to customers for the services provided. IV FUND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The fund financial statements provide more detailed information about the Town’s funds, focusing on its most significant or “major” funds – not the Town as a whole. Funds are accounting devices the Town uses to keep track of specific sources of funding and spending on programs: Some funds are required by State law and by bond covenants. The Town establishes other funds to control and to manage money for purposes (such as repaying its long-term debts) or to show that it is properly using certain revenues. The Town has three kinds of funds: Governmental Funds: Most of the Town’s basic services are included in governmental funds, which generally focus on (1) how cash and other financial assets can readily be converted to cash flow in and out and (2) the balances left at year end that are available for spending. Consequently, the governmental funds statements provide a detailed short-term view that helps you determine whether there are more or fewer financial resources that can be spent soon to finance the Town’s programs. Because this information does not encompass the additional long-term focus of the government-wide statements, reconciling statements (page 5 and pages 8-9) have been added to explain the relationship (or differences) between them. Proprietary Funds: Consist of the water and sewer funds, those funds for which the Town provides services and then charges customers for providing the service. The proprietary statements include all assets and liabilities, both short-term and long-term, including debt and capital assets. Accrual accounting is used, and focus is on economic resources. Fiduciary Funds - Agency Funds: The Town acts in an agency capacity for assets that are ultimately transferred to others, such as payroll withholdings. The Town also reports deposits associated with its rental activities in this fund. The Town excludes these activities from the government-wide financial statements because it cannot use these assets to finance its operations. V FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF THE TOWN AS A WHOLE The Town’s combined net position increased by $1,746,241 or 7.19%. Current assets increased by $66,810 while current liabilities decreased by $2,028,991 or 0.31% and 39.04%, respectively. Capital assets increased by $1,945,613 (net of 2018 depreciation expense of $1,568,807) or 7.01%. Long-term serial bond debt increased by $3,103,000 or 28.81%. The increase reflects the 2018 bond proceeds issued of $4,150,000 and principal payments of $1,047,000 during the year. Unrestricted net position increased by $2,864,349 or 49.33%. The Town’s current ratio (ratio of current assets to current liabilities) was 6.9:1 at December 31, 2018. The Town’s quick ratio (cash and assets easily converted to cash compared to current liabilities) was 5.3:1 at December 31, 2018. Figures A-1 and A-2 present condensed information derived from the Town’s government-wide statements. FIGURE A-1 Governmental Business-type Condensed Statement of Net PositionActivitiesActivities 2018201720182017 Current assets 13,388,513$ 13,305,871$ 8,439,815$ 8,455,647$ Non-current assets 12,042,359 11,851,649 17,667,636 15,912,733 Total Assets25,430,872$ 25,157,520$ 26,107,451$ 24,368,380$ Deferred outflows, as restated1,811,9741,110,312171,46795,069 Total Deferred Outflows of Resources1,811,974$ 1,110,312$ 171,467$ 95,069$ Current liabilities 1,259,511$ 3,987,846$ 1,908,920$ 1,209,576$ Non-current liabilities, as restated10,280,212 10,381,491 12,559,287 9,809,488 Total Liabilities11,539,723$ 14,369,337$ 14,468,207$ 11,019,064$ Deferred inflows1,352,755987,083 131,07272,030 Total Deferred Inflows of Resources1,352,755$ 987,083$ 131,072$ 72,030$ Invested in capital assets, net of debt 9,118,770$ 8,629,719$ 6,719,225$ 8,365,663$ Restricted 1,485,390 1,446,151 35,884 35,845 Unrestricted net position, as restated 3,746,208 835,542 4,924,530 4,970,847 Total Net Position14,350,368$ 10,911,412$ 11,679,639$ 13,372,355$ VI FIGURE A-2 Governmental Business-type Activities Activities Changes in Net Position 2018201720182017 REVENUES Program revenues: Charges for services$ 409,666371,524$ 5,784,147$ 5,371,656$ Operating grants and contributions 371,277 269,171 - - Capital grants and contributions 235,042 293,411 - - General revenues: Property taxes 7,881,966 8,288,697 1,189,760 1,094,165 Non property taxes 3,266,137 3,445,296 - - Unrestricted state aid 281,051 339,172 - - Interest earnings 16,447 25,471 7,464 4,658 Other general revenues 373,484 294,140 589 1,405 $ 12,835,07013,326,882$ 6,981,960$ 6,471,884$ Total Revenues PROGRAM EXPENSES General government support $ 2,538,9602,446,751$ - $ - $ Public safety 3,201,013 3,432,909 - - Transportation 3,330,976 3,520,351 - - Culture and recreation 1,132,655 1,234,521 - - Home and community services 2,150,312 1,874,278 - Water and sewer - - 6,053,791 5,701,236 $ 12,353,91612,508,810$ 6,053,791$ 5,701,236$ Total Expenses Transfers2,620,884( 604,211)( 2,620,884)604,211 CHANGE IN NET POSITION3,438,956$ ( 123,057)$ ( 1,692,715)$ 1,374,859$ Figure A-3 shows the sources of revenue for 2018. FIGURE A-3 Sources of Revenue for 2018 State and Fines and Interest, federal fees, 1.08% 0.16% sources, Other, 0.37% 4.44% Charges for services, 30.31% Sales and property taxes, 63.64% VII Figure A-4 represents the Town’s 2018 expenditures by program. FIGURE A-4 Expenditures by Program Interest on long-term debt, Depreciation, General 0.00% 5.35% support, 12.59% Public safety, Home and 18.49% community services, 41.78% Transportation, Culture and 15.61% recreation, 6.18% Total costs of services provided by the Town (Figure A-5) were $18,562,601. These charges were offset by grants and contributions of $562,582 and charges for services of $6,155,671, resulting in net cost of services of $11,844,348. FIGURE A-5 Total Cost of Services GovernmentalBusiness - TypeTotal Programs 201820182018 General government support $ - 2,446,751$ 2,446,751$ Public safety - 3,432,909 3,432,909 Transportation - 3,520,351 3,520,351 Culture and recreation - 1,234,521 1,234,521 Home and community services - 1,874,278 1,874,278 Water and sewer 6,053,791- 6,053,791 Total12,508,810$ 6,053,791$ 18,562,601$ Net Cost of Services GovernmentalBusiness - TypeTotal Programs 201820182018 General government support $ - 2,260,246$ 2,260,246$ Public safety - 3,432,629 3,432,629 Transportation - 3,204,829 3,204,829 Culture and recreation - 1,133,179 1,133,179 Home and community services - 1,543,821 1,543,821 Water and sewer 269,644- 269,644 Total11,574,704$ 269,644$ 11,844,348$ VIII FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF THE TOWN’S FUNDS Figure A-6 shows the change in fund balances for the year for the Town’s funds as presented in the Town’s Statement of Revenues, Expenditures and Changes in Fund Balance-Governmental Funds. At December 31, 2018, the Town reported a combined fund balance of $11,671,588. Total fund balance increased by $3,321,263 in 2018 FIGURE A-6 Governmental Funds Total Dollar Governmental Fund Balances 20182017 Change $ 5,221,4765,635,251$ 413,775$ General Fund 2,267,511 2,913,454 645,943 Highway Fund 2,078,828 2,010,352 ( 68,476) Fire Fund ( 999,876 1,454,426)2,454,302 Capital Projects Fund 236,936 112,655 ( 124,281) Other Funds $ 8,350,325 11,671,588$ 3,321,263$ Total Fund Balance GENERAL FUND BUDGETARY HIGHLIGHTS Actual revenues were higher than budget estimates by $215,785 and actual expenditures were less than budgeted expenditures by $991,897. Figure A-7 summarizes the General Fund original budget, actual expenditures and the variances for the year ended December 31, 2018. FIGURE A-7 Variance Condensed Budgetary Comparison- Original Favorable General Fund 2018 BudgetActual(Unfavorable) REVENUES $ 2,809,118 2,808,000$ 1,118$ Real property taxes 1,645,296 1,468,000 177,296 Non-property taxes 400,302 471,650 ( 71,348) State sources 871,800 763,081 108,719 All other $ 5,726,5165,510,731$ 215,785$ Total Revenues EXPENDITURES $ 1,637,813 1,914,087$ 276,274$ General government support 71,284 92,884 21,600 Public safety 439,562 512,360 72,798 Transportation 1,055,573 1,154,876 99,303 Culture and recreation 1,114,682 1,454,550 339,868 Home and community services 1,292,072 1,474,125 182,053 Employee benefits $ 5,610,9866,602,882$ 991,896$ Total Expenditures $ 608,303 1,402,106$ ( 793,803)$ Other financing sources 310,058309,955 ( 103) Other financing uses IX CAPITAL ASSETS The Town records expenditures for land, buildings, equipment, machinery and infrastructures (roads, water and sewer systems) as capital assets in the Statement of Net Position. Annual depreciation expense is recorded in the Statement of Activities to reflect the use of these assets over their useful lives. Land and construction in progress are not subject to depreciation. The Town’s depreciation methods, assumptions regarding useful lives and capitalization thresholds are described in Notes 1K and 1L in the current year’s Notes to the Financial Statements. In 2018, the Town expended $3,551,148 on capital additions. Figure A-8 reflects the changes in net capital assets. FIGURE A-8 Governmental Business-type ActivitiesActivities 2018201720182017 Changes in Net Capital Assets $ 599,780 599,780$ - $ - $ Land 361,466894,145 2,383,388 622,473 Construction in progress 3,119,3522,969,164 - - Buildings 2,426,8802,351,620 792,002 752,944 Equipment and machinery 6,245 3,696 - - Furniture and furnishings 639,501 596,951 - - Non-building improvements 4,698,4254,627,003 14,492,246 14,537,316 Infrastructures Total $ 11,851,64912,042,359$ 17,667,636$ 15,912,733$ Major additions in 2018 included: Infrastructure $ 420,032 Construction in progress 2,459,157 Equipment acquisitions 671,959 Total $ 3,551,148 DEBT ADMINISTRATION Long-term debt increased by $3,103,000 as a result of current year bonding of $4,150,000 and principal payments of $1,047,000. The Town’s liability for compensated absences increased $13,478 to $186,053 during 2018. The Town’s net pension liability associated with their portion of the New York State and Local Employees’ Retirement System (ERS) decreased $645,701 to $390,624 during 2018. In 2018, the Town implemented the provisions of Governmental Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 75, Accounting and Financial Reporting for Postemployment Benefits Other Than Pensions. The standard replaces the requirements of previously issued Statement No. 45, Accounting and Financial Reporting by Employers for Postemployment Benefits Other Than Pensions. The standard requires the Town to report a liability on the face of the financial statements for the OPEB that they provide. The actuarially calculated liability includes the accumulated sick time recognized by the Town which can be credited to the employee’s portions of health insurance at the date of retirement. The Town’s liability for post-employment benefits under GASB 75 was $7,882,297 as of December 31, 2018. X The Town’s most recent bond rating, as determined by Moody’s Investor Service, Inc., is Aa1. Constitutional Debt Limit The Town of Ithaca is restricted by the New York State Constitution, Article VIII, Section 2, on the manner of creating and paying local indebtedness. The Town can only create debt for “Town” purposes. The outstanding payback period for indebtedness is restricted to the period of usefulness. As the issuer of debt (borrower) the Town is required to pledge in full faith and credit for the payments of principal and interest to the bondholder (investor). As required under the New York State Constitution, the Town of Ithaca cannot create debt in excess of 7% of the five (5) year average full valuation of taxable property. The following summary provides information regarding the Town’s indebtedness, debt limit and net debt-contracting margin as of December 31, 2018. Five-year average full valuation of taxable property1,424,067,011$ Debt limit - 7% thereof99,684,691 Inclusions: Serial bonds15,541,500 Exclusions: Water and sewer debt (1)( 12,617,911) Total net indebtedness2,923,589 Net debt contracting margin96,761,102$ Percent of debt contracting power exhausted3.02% (1) Sewer and Water indebtedness are excluded pursuant to Section 136.00(4-a) and 136.00(2), respectively, of the Local Finance Law. Detailed information regarding the Town’s long-term liabilities is presented in Note 6C in 2018 Notes to the Financial Statements. Figure A-9 reflects changes in the Town’s debt for 2018. FIGURE A-9 Governmental ActivitiesBusiness-type Activities 2018201720182017 Outstanding Debt $ 3,221,9302,923,589$ 10,948,411$ 7,547,070$ Serial bonds SCLIWC serial bonds- - 1,669,500 2,053,750 154,776 165,599 20,454 17,799 pensated absences Com 953,622365,137 25,487 82,703 Net pension liability 6,318,3447,063,661 818,635 726,609 Otherpost-employment benefits, as restated $ 10,648,67210,517,986$ 13,482,487$ 10,427,931$ Total Figure A-10 depicts historical changes in fund balances for the Town of Ithaca for the period 2014 through 2018. Information for the Capital Projects Fund is omitted. XI Factors Bearing on the Town’s Future On June 24, 2011, Chapter 97 of the Laws of 2011 (the “Tax Levy Limitation Law”) was signed into law. The Tax Levy Limitation Law applies to all local governments, including most school districts, independent special districts, and to town and county improvement districts as part of their parent municipalities tax levies. The Tax Levy Limitation Law restricts, among other things, the amount of real property taxes (including assessments of certain special improvement districts) that may be levied by or on behalf of a municipality in a particular year, beginning with fiscal years commencing on or after January 1, 2012. It expires on June 16, 2016 unless extended. Pursuant to the Tax Levy Limitation Law, the tax levy of a municipality cannot increase by more than the lesser of (i) two percent (2%) or (ii) the annual increase in the consumer price index (“CPI”), over the amount of the prior year’s tax levy. Certain adjustments would be permitted for taxable real property full valuation increases or changes in physical or quantity growth in the real property base as defined in Section 1220 of the Real Property Tax Law. A municipality may exceed the tax levy limitation for the coming fiscal year only if the governing body of such municipality first enacts, by at least a sixty percent vote of the total voting strength of the board, a local law (resolution in the case of fire districts and certain special districts) to override such limitation for such coming fiscal year only. There are permissible exceptions to the tax levy limitation provided in the Tax Levy Limitation Law, including expenditures made on account of certain tort settlements and certain increases in the average actuarial contribution rates of the New York State and Local Employees’ Retirement System. Municipalities are also permitted to carry forward a certain portion of their unused levy limitation from a prior year. Each municipality prior to adoption of each fiscal year budget must submit for review to the State Comptroller any information that is necessary in the calculation of its tax levy for each fiscal year. The Town exceeded the allowable increase in the tax levy limit in Fiscal Years 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018. In 2018, the adopted tax levy was $245,923 or 2.67% over the allowable increase. Of this increase, 80.1% was attributed to increases in property taxes, 19.1% to increases in water and sewer benefit fees, and 0.80% to increases in PILOT payments. The local unemployment rate has consistently been lower than the state and national unemployment rates during and after the 2008 recession. The average annual unemployment rate for 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively, in Tompkins County was 6.1%, 5.2%, 4.4%, 4.4%, 4.2%, 4.2% and 3.3% compared with 8.5%, 7.7%, 6.3%, 5.3, 4.9%, 4.7% and 3.8% for New York State, and 8.1%, 7.4%, 6.2%, 5.3%, 4.9%, 4.4% and 3.9% for the national average. Description2012201320142015201620172018 National Average8.1%7.4%6.2%5.3%4.9%4.4%3.9% New York State8.5%7.7%6.3%5.3%4.9%4.7%3.8% Tompkins County6.1%5.2%4.4%4.4%4.2%4.2%3.3% The low unemployment Rates for Tompkins County are due in part to the stabilizing influence of the local colleges and other large employers. Cornell University and Ithaca College in particular, with combined totals of over 10,000 employees and 28,000 students, support a wide array of businesses in the retail, service and real estate sectors. XVII The Town of Ithaca will continue an aggressive Capital Improvement Program (CIP). The Five-Year CIP for Fiscal Years 2018-2022 identifies various capital projects to be constructed at a total estimated cost of $20,475,000. Of this total, $10,400,000 is for the improvement of water infrastructure, $3,050,000 for sewer infrastructure, $1,000,000 for storm water drainage improvements, $4,050,000 for road improvements, $1,500,000 for improvements to Town facilities, and $475,000 for parks and trails development. Funding will be provided with $8,677,000 from current year revenues or reserves, $98,000 from grants and donations, and $11,700,000 from the issuance of new long-term bonded debt. Taxable assessed valuation of real property in the Town continues to increase. In 2014, the taxable assessed valuation of real property in the Town totaled $1,294,998,380. In 2018, the total was $1,470,783,820, an increase of 13.57% from 2014 to 2018. The average annual increase has been 3.23%. Description20142015201620172018 Taxable Assessed Valuation1,294,998,380$ 1,323,741,670$ 1,366,007,677$ 1,409,909,397$ 1,470,783,820$ Change from Prior Year1.681%2.220%3.193%3.214%4.318% Sales Tax collections in 2018 totaled $3,388,799, an increase of $203,830 or 6.4% over the 2017 total of $3,184,969. 2018 also sets a new historical high for sales tax collections, surpassing the previous historical high total received in 2017. Sales tax revenues are distributed between the General Townwide Fund, General Part-Town Fund and Highway Part-Town Fund. Description20142015201620172018 Sales Tax Collections $ 3,067,3363,135,084$ 3,003,943$ 3,184,969$ 3,388,799$ Mortgage Tax Collections 415,760329,274 286,227 279,791 299,934 Mortgage Tax collections increased 7.2%, from collections totaling $279,791 in 2017 to $299,934 in 2018. Mortgage tax revenues are assigned to the General Townwide Fund. FINANCIAL CONTACT The Town’s financial statements are designed to present users (citizens, taxpayers, customers, investors and creditors) with a general overview of the Town’s finances and to demonstrate the Town’s accountability. If you have questions about the report or need additional financial information, contact the Town’s Supervisor, Town of Ithaca, 215 North Tioga Street, Ithaca, NY 14850. XVIII TOWN OF ITHACA STATEMENT OF NET POSITION December 31, 2018 ASSETS GovernmentalBusiness-type ActivitiesActivities Dvssfou!Bttfut; Cash11,289,894$ 5,559,683$ Cash, restricted1,485,39035,884 Accounts receivable: Water and sewer rents- 1,144,776 Due from other funds36,053- Due from other governments563,486 1,694,237 Other receivables2,429 5,235 Prepaid expenses11,261 - Upubm!Dvssfou!Bttfut 8,439,81513,388,513 Dbqjubm!Bttfut-!net; 11,148,21415,284,248 Construction in progress894,1452,383,388 Upubm!Dbqjubm!Bttfut 17,667,63612,042,359 Upubm!Bttfut 25,430,87226,107,451 DEFERRED OUTFLOWS OF RESOURCES Efgfssfe!Qfotjpo!Pvugmpx 1,437,726125,774 Efgfssfe!PQFC!Pvugmpx 374,24845,693 Upubm!Bttfut!boe!Efgfssfe! Pvugmpxt!pg!Sftpvsdft$ 26,278,91827,242,846$ See notes to financial statements. Intergovernmental EliminationsTotal $ 16,849,577-$ 1,521,274- 1,144,776- -( 36,053) 2,257,723- 7,664- 11,261- 21,792,275( 36,053) 26,432,462- 3,277,533- 29,709,995- ( 36,053)51,502,270 1,563,500- 419,941- $ 53,485,711( 36,053)$ - 1 - TOWN OF ITHACA STATEMENT OF NET POSITION (continued) December 31, 2018 LIABILITIES GovernmentalBusiness-type ActivitiesActivities Dvssfou!Mjbcjmjujft; Accrued liabilities701,647$ 776,468$ Bond interest payable22,719 52,802 Due to other funds- 36,053 Due to other governments260,742 16,000 Long-term debt, current portion274,4031,027,597 Upubm!Dvssfou!Mjbcjmjujft 1,908,9201,259,511 Mpoh.Ufsn!Efcu- non current 2,649,18611,590,314 Qsfnjvn!po!Cpoet!qbzbcmf 36,629104,397 Dpnqfotbufe!Bctfodft 165,59920,454 Ofu!Qfotjpo!Mjbcjmjuz 365,13725,487 PQFC!Mjbcjmjuz 7,063,661818,635 Upubm!Mjbcjmjujft 14,468,20711,539,723 DEFERRED INFLOWS OF RESOURCES Efgfssfe!Qfotjpo!Jogmpx 1,144,980110,802 Efgfssfe!!Qspqfsuz!Ubyft!Jogmpx 207,77520,270 NET POSITION Jowftufe!jo!Dbqjubm!Bttfut-! net of related debt9,118,770 6,719,225 Sftusjdufe; Culture and recreation886,977- Equipment283,905- Benefits314,50835,884 Vosftusjdufe 4,924,5303,746,208 Upubm!Ofu!Qptjujpo 11,679,63914,350,368 Upubm!Mjbcjmjujft-!Efgfssfe!Jogmpxt! boe!Ofu!Qptjujpo$ 26,278,91827,242,846$ Intergovernmental EliminationsTotal $ 1,478,115-$ 75,521- -( 36,053) 276,742- 1,302,000- 3,132,378( 36,053) 14,239,500- 141,026- 186,053- 390,624- 7,882,296- 25,971,877( 36,053) 1,255,782- 228,045- 15,837,995- 886,977- 283,905- 350,392- 8,670,738- 26,030,007- $ 53,485,711( 36,053)$ - 2 - TOWN OF ITHACA STATEMENT OF ACTIVITIES For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 Program Governmental Activities Revenue Operating Functions/ProgramsCharges forGrants and ExpensesServicesContributions General governmental support2,446,751$ 18,676$ 167,829$ Public safety3,432,909280- Transportation3,520,35122,111- Culture and recreation1,234,521- 101,342 Home and community services1,874,278 330,457 - Total governmental activities12,508,810$ 371,524$ 269,171$ Business-type activities: Water 3,496,709 3,196,948 - Sewer 2,557,082 2,587,199 - Total business-type activities6,053,791 5,784,147 - $ 6,155,67118,562,601$ 269,171$ Hfofsbm!Sfwfovft; Real property taxes and related tax items Non-property taxes Interest earnings Fines and fees - town court State aid not restricted to specific purposes Other miscellaneous revenues Transfers Upubm!Hfofsbm!Sfwfovft Dibohf!jo!Ofu!Qptjujpo Ofu!Qptjujpo- beginning of year-!as restated Ofu!Qptjujpo- end of year See notes to financial statements. Net (Expenses) ProgramRevenues and RevenueChanges in Net Position Capital Grants and GovernmentalBusiness-type ContributionsActivitiesActivitiesTotal $ ( 2,260,246)-$ - $ ( 2,260,246)$ ( 3,432,629)- - ( 3,432,629) 293,411( 3,204,829) - ( 3,204,829) ( 1,133,179)- - ( 1,133,179) ( 1,543,821)- - ( 1,543,821) $ (11,574,704)293,411$ - $ (11,574,704)$ - - ( 299,761) ( 299,761) -- 30,117 30,117 -- ( 269,644) ( 269,644) $ (11,574,704)293,411$ ( 269,644)$ (11,844,348)$ $ 1,189,7608,288,697$ 9,478,457$ 3,445,296- 3,445,296 25,4717,46432,935 219,329- 219,329 339,172- 339,172 58975,400 74,811 ( 2,620,884) 2,620,884 - ( 1,423,071)15,013,660 13,590,589 ( 1,692,715) 3,438,956 1,746,241 10,911,41213,372,35424,283,766 $ 11,679,63914,350,368$ 26,030,007$ - 3 - TOWN OF ITHACA BALANCE SHEET – GOVERNMENTAL FUNDS December 31, 2018 Major Funds GeneralHighwayFire Bttfut!boe!Puifs!Efcjut; Unrestricted cash5,190,316$ 2,521,936$ 2,421,544$ Restricted cash1,122,073363,317- Due from other funds- 112,976- Due from other governments263,151138,067- Prepaid expenses93,47429,303- Other receivables2,429 - - Upubm!Bttfut!boe!Puifs!Efcjut$ 3,165,5996,671,443$ 2,421,544$ Mjbcjmjujft-!Efgfssfe!Jogmpxt!pg!Sftpvsdft-!Gvoe!Frvjuz-!boe!Puifs!Dsfejut; Mjbcjmjujft; Accrued liabilities650,632$ 167,984$ 336,235$ Due to other funds49,413 27,510 - Due to other governments260,742 - - Upubm!Mjbcjmjujft 195,494 960,787 336,235 Efgfssfe!Jogmpxt!pg!Sftpvsdft;75,40556,65174,957 Gvoe!Cbmbodft; Nonspendable - prepaid expenses93,47329,303- Restricted1,122,073363,317- Committed- - - Assigned1,690,7522,520,8342,010,352 Unassigned2,728,953- - Upubm!Gvoe!Cbmbodft 2,913,4545,635,251 2,010,352 Upubm!Mjbcjmjujft-!Gvoe!Frvjuz- !boe!Puifs!Dsfejut$ 3,165,5996,671,443$ 2,421,544$ See notes to financial statements. Nonmajor Major FundsFundsTotal CapitalOther Governmental ProjectsFundsFunds $ 113,6941,042,404$ 11,289,894$ - - 1,485,390 - - 112,976 - 60,891 462,109 - - 122,777 - - 2,429 $ 113,6941,103,295$ 13,475,575$ $ 277103,419$ 1,258,547$ -- 76,923 - - 260,742 277 103,419 1,596,212 762 207,775- - - 122,776 - - 1,485,390 - 999,876 999,876 112,6556,334,593- - - 2,728,953 112,655 999,876 11,671,588 $ 113,6941,103,295$ 13,475,575$ - 4 - TOWN OF ITHACA RECONCILIATION OF THE TOTAL FUND BALANCES SHOWN IN THE GOVERNMENTAL FUNDS TO GOVERNMENTAL ACTIVITIES SHOWN IN THE STATEMENT OF NET POSITION December 31, 2018 Total fund balances in the fund financial statements for the governmental funds.11,671,588$ This amount differs from the balance of net position in the Statement of Net Position due to the following: Capital assets are included as assets in the government-wide statements and are added, net of accumulated depreciation.12,042,359 Long-term liabilities for bonded debt are included as liabilities in the government- wide statements and are subtracted.( 2,960,218) Receivables for revenues earned and measurable, but not available to provide financial resources, are included in the government-wide statements as assets and are added. 101,377 Long-term liabilities for compensated absences and other post employment benefits are included in the government-wide statements as liabilities and are subtracted.( 6,672,361) Current liabilities for bond interest payable are included in the government- wide statements as liabilities and are subtracted.( 22,719) Deferred outflows of resources are included in the government-wide statements and are added.1,811,974 Net pension liability is included in the government-wide statements and is subtracted.( 365,137) Prepaid pension expense is included in the fund financial statements and is subtracted.( 111,515) Deferred inflows of resources are included in the government-wide statements and are subtracted.( 1,144,980) Interfund receivables and payables within the governmental funds are eliminated in the government-wide statements. The amounts offset: Due from other funds 76,923 Due to other funds( 76,923) Total Net Position - End of Year14,350,368$ See notes to financial statements. - 5 - TOWN OF ITHACA STATEMENT OF REVENUES, EXPENDITURES AND CHANGES IN FUND BALANCES GOVERNMENTAL FUNDS For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 Major Funds GeneralHighwayFire Sfwfovft; Real property taxes2,750,189$ 2,200,000$ 3,250,000$ Real property tax items58,92910,579- Non-property tax items: Sales tax1,588,7991,800,000- Other non-property tax items56,497- - Departmental income335,952- - Intergovernmental charges101,34222,111- Use of money and property10,9685,4937,074 Rental income29,151- - Licenses and permits23,488- - Fines and forfeitures219,329- - Sale of property and compensation for loss5,61446,216- Local sources145,95619,058- State sources: Mortgage tax299,934- - State aid per capita100,368- - NYS highway improvement (CHIPS)- 132,646- Miscellaneous- - 23,456 Upubm!Sfwfovft 4,236,1035,726,516 3,280,530 Other Sources: Inter-fund transfers608,303150,000- Upubm!Sfwfovft!boe!Puifs!Tpvsdft 4,386,1036,334,819 3,280,530 See notes to financial statements. MajorNonmajor FundsFundsTotal CapitalOther Governmental ProjectsFundsFunds $ 19,000-$ 8,219,189$ - - 69,508 - - 3,388,799 - - 56,497 - - 335,952 - - 123,453 8101,126 25,471 - - 29,151 - - 23,488 - - 219,329 - - 51,830 - - 165,014 - - 299,934 - - 100,368 - - 132,646 60,765- 84,221 20,126 61,575 13,324,850 258,1132,468,684 3,485,100 278,2392,530,259 16,809,950 - 6 - TOWN OF ITHACA STATEMENT OF REVENUES, EXPENDITURES AND CHANGES IN FUND BALANCES GOVERNMENTAL FUNDS (continued) For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 Major Funds GeneralHighwayFire Fyqfoejuvsft; General governmental support1,637,813$ 75,825$ 1,950$ Public safety71,284- 3,347,056 Transportation439,5622,591,439- Culture and recreation1,055,573- - Home and community services1,114,681- - Employee benefits1,292,072518,738- Debt service (principal and interest)- - - Upubm!Fyqfoejuvsft 3,186,0025,610,985 3,349,006 Other Uses: Interfund transfers310,058554,158- Upubm!Fyqfoejuvsft!boe!Puifs!Vtft 3,740,1605,921,043 3,349,006 Fydftt!)Efgjdju*!pg!Sfwfovft! pwfs!Fyqfoejuvsft 645,943 413,776 ( 68,476) Gvoe!Cbmbodf- beginning of year 5,221,4752,267,5112,078,828 Gvoe!Cbmbodf- end of year $ 2,913,4545,635,251$ 2,010,352$ See notes to financial statements. MajorNonmajor FundsFundsTotal CapitalOther Governmental ProjectsFundsFunds $ 3,066-$ 1,718,654$ - - 3,418,340 13,342 3,120,30075,957 - - 1,055,573 - - 1,114,681 - - 1,810,810 386,112 386,112- 402,52075,957 12,624,470 - - 864,216 402,52075,957 13,488,686 ( 124,281)2,454,302 3,321,264 236,936 8,350,324( 1,454,426) $ 112,655999,876$ 11,671,588$ - 7 - TOWNOFITHACA RECONCILIATION OF THE STATEMENT OF REVENUES, EXPENDITURES AND CHANGES IN FUND BALANCE OF THE GOVERNMENTAL FUNDS TO THE CHANGE IN NET POSITION OF GOVERNMENTAL ACTIVITIES SHOWN IN THE STATEMENT OF ACTIVITIES F OR THE Y EAR E NDED D ECEMBER 31,2018 NetchangeinfundbalancesshownfortotalGovernmentalFunds.Thisamountdiffers fromthechangeinnetpositionreflectedintheStatementofActivitiesduetothe following: $ 3,321,264 Capitaloutlaysfortheacquisitionofcapitalassetsandcapitalprojectsarereportedin theGovernmentalFundsasexpenditures.IntheStatementofActivities,thecostof thoseassetsisallocatedovertheirusefullivesandreportedannuallyasdepreciation expense.IntheStatementofActivities,acquisitioncostsareremovedanddepreciation expense is added as follows: Capital expenditures1,220,130 Depreciation expense( 992,214) 227,916 ProceedsfromsalesofequipmentarerecordedasrevenueintheGovernmentalFunds. IntheStatementofActivities,againorlossisrecognizedbasedonthenetbookvalue oftheassetsold(costminusaccumulateddepreciation)andthesalepriceofthe equipment: Proceeds from equipment sales( 33,616) Loss recognized( 3,590) ( 37,206) MajorrevenuesarerecordedintheGovernmentalFundswhentheyareearned, measurableandavailabletoprovidecurrentfinancialresources.IntheStatementof Activities,majorrevenuesarerecognizedwhentheyareearnedandmeasurable, regardlessofwhentheybecomeavailable.Currentyearrevenues,earnedand measurable,arerecognizedintheStatementofActivities.TheGovernmentalFunds includeamountsthatwereearnedandmeasurableintheprioryear,andtheseamounts are removed to prevent overstating revenues on the Statement of Activities: Current year revenues 101,377 Prior year revenues( 62,139) 39,238 BondprincipalpaymentsarereflectedasexpendituresintheGovernmentalFunds. ThesepaymentsarereflectedontheStatementofNetPositionasareductionofdebt obligationsandarenotincludedintheStatementofActivities.Bondprincipal payments for the current year are as follows: 298,341 See notes to financial statements. - 8 - TOWNOFITHACA RECONCILIATION OF THE STATEMENT OF REVENUES, EXPENDITURES AND CHANGES IN FUND BALANCE OF THE GOVERNMENTAL FUNDS TO THE CHANGE IN NET POSITION OF GOVERNMENTAL ACTIVITIES SHOWN IN THE STATEMENT OF ACTIVITIES F OR THE Y EAR E NDED D ECEMBER 31,2018(continued) InterestondebtisreportedintheGovernmentalFundswhenthepaymentsare rendered.IntheStatementofActivities,interestexpenseisallocatedoverthetime periodsitpertainsto.Interestexpenseallocatedtoapplicableperiodsisgreaterthan Governmental Funds interest expense by the following amount: 2,121 PaymentsforcompensatedabsencesarereportedintheGovernmentalFundsasthey aredue.IntheStatementofActivities,theseamountsarereportedintheperiodsthat theliabilitiesareincurred.Currentyearexpendituresforamountsduefromprioryears areremovedandanexpenseisrecognizedforcurrentyearliabilitiesthathavenotbeen paid: Prior year expenses 154,776 Current year expenses( 165,599) ( 10,823) PaymentsforotherpostemploymentbenefitsarereportedintheGovernmentalFunds astheyaredue.IntheStatementofActivities,anexpenseisrecognizedbasedonan actuarialestimateofthecurrentyearcostassociatedwithamortizingtheestimated present value of future benefits over a thirty-year period: ( 388,042) PaymentsforpensionexpensesarereportedintheGovernmentalFundsastheyare due.IntheStatementofActivities,theexpenseisadjustedbasedonpension information provided by the retirement system in accordance with GASB 68: ( 17,127) AmortizationofbondpremiumsarenotreportedintheGovernmentalFunds.Inthe StatementofActivities,anadjustmenttointerestexpenseisrecognizedbasedonthe current year amortization associated with the bonds: 3,274 InterfundtransactionsareeliminatedintheStatementofActivities.Theamounts offset, and have a zero effect on operations: Transfers in 864,216 Transfers out( 864,216) - Change in Net Position$ 3,438,956 See notes to financial statements. - 9 - TOWN OF ITHACA STATEMENT OF NET POSITION PROPRIETARY FUNDS December 31, 2018 Qspqsjfubsz!Gvoet SewerWater FundFundTotal Dvssfou!Bttfut; Cash2,738,835$ 2,820,848$ 5,559,683$ Cash, restricted 23,83812,046 35,884 Accounts receivable: Accounts receivables-5,2355,235 Water and sewer rents532,117 612,659 1,144,776 Due from other governments- 1,694,237 1,694,237 Upubm!Dvssfou!Bttfut 5,156,8173,282,998 8,439,815 Dbqjubm!Bttfut-!net; Equipment and machinery446,281345,721792,002 Infrastructure2,411,29712,080,94914,492,246 Construction in progress150,179 2,233,2092,383,388 Upubm!Dbqjubm!Bttfut 14,659,8793,007,757 17,667,636 Upubm!Bttfut 6,290,75519,816,69626,107,451 Efgfssfe!Qfotjpo!Pvugmpx 45,48080,294125,774 Efgfssfe!PQFC!Pvugmpx 24,53321,16045,693 Upubm!Bttfut!boe!Efgfssfe Pvugmpxt!pg!Sftpvsdft$ 19,918,1506,360,768$ 26,278,918$ Dvssfou!Mjbcjmjujft; Accrued liabilities495,286$ 281,182$ 776,468$ Bond interest payable- 52,802 52,802 Due to other funds24,47511,57836,053 Due to other governments16,000- 16,000 Long-term debt, current portion- 1,027,597 1,027,597 Upubm!Dvssfou!Mjbcjmjujft 1,373,159535,761 1,908,920 Mpoh.Ufsn!Efcu- non current 11,590,314- 11,590,314 Qsfnjvn!po!Cpoet!Qbzbcmf 104,397104,397- Dpnqfotbufe!Bctfodft 11,5268,92820,454 Ofu!Qfotjpo!Mjbcjmjuz 9,11516,37225,487 PQFC!Mjbcjmjuz 341,305477,330818,635 Upubm!Mjbcjmjujft 13,570,500897,707 14,468,207 Efgfssfe!Qfotjpo!Jogmpxt 39,51771,285110,802 Efgfssfe!Qspqfsuz!Ubyft!Jogmpx 4,70315,56720,270 Jowftufe!jo!Dbqjubm!Bttfut- net of related debt 3,711,4683,007,757 6,719,225 Sftusjdufe; Benefits12,04623,83835,884 Vosftusjdufe 2,399,0382,525,4924,924,530 Upubm!Ofu!Qptjujpo 6,260,7985,418,841 11,679,639 Upubm!Mjbcjmjujft-!Efgfssfe!Jogmpxt boe!Ofu!Qptjujpo$ 19,918,1506,360,768$ 26,278,918$ See notes to financial statements. - 10 - TOWN OF ITHACA STATEMENT OF REVENUES, EXPENSES, AND CHANGES IN FUND NET POSITION PROPRIETARY FUNDS December 31, 2018 Qspqsjfubsz!Gvoet SewerWater FundFundTotal Pqfsbujoh!Sfwfovft; Charges for services2,587,199$ 3,196,948$ 5,784,147$ Upubm!Pqfsbujoh!Sfwfovft 3,196,948 2,587,199 5,784,147 Pqfsbujoh!Fyqfotft; Cost of sales and services2,005,5162,452,4424,457,958 Wages and benefits353,532 333,525 687,057 Depreciation148,873 427,244 576,117 Administration49,16177,430126,591 Upubm!Pqfsbujoh!Fyqfotft 3,290,641 2,557,082 5,847,723 Pqfsbujoh!Jodpnf ( 93,693) 30,117 ( 63,576) Opo.Pqfsbujoh!Sfwfovft!)Fyqfotft*; Real property taxes197,896 991,864 1,189,760 Intergovernmental charges- 589589 Interest expense- ( 206,068) ( 206,068) Use of money and property5,3582,1067,464 Upubm!Opo.Pqfsbujoh!Sfwfovft 203,254788,491991,745 Joufsgvoe!Pqfsbujoh!Usbotgfst ( 2,439,084)( 181,800) ( 2,620,884) Dibohf!jo!Ofu!Qptjujpo ( 1,744,286) 51,571 ( 1,692,715) Ofu!Qptjujpo- beginning of year, as restated 5,367,2708,005,08413,372,354 Ofu!Qptjujpo- end of year $ 6,260,7985,418,841$ 11,679,639$ See notes to financial statements. - 11 - TOWN OF ITHACA STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS PROPRIETARY FUNDS December 31, 2018 Qspqsjfubsz!Gvoet SewerWater FundFundTotal Dbti!Gmpxt!gspn!Pqfsbujoh!Bdujwjujft; Received from user charges and other assessments2,541,982$ 3,190,970$ 5,732,952$ Payments for administration( 49,161) ( 77,430) ( 126,591) Payments for wages and benefits( 379,744) ( 381,884) ( 761,628) Payments to suppliers for goods and services( 1,481,701) ( 2,407,049) ( 3,888,750) Ofu!Dbti!Qspwjefe!cz!Pqfsbujoh!Bdujwjujft 324,607 631,376 955,983 Dbti!Gmpxt!gspn!Opo.Dbqjubm!Gjobodjoh; Real property taxes197,896991,864 1,189,760 Operating grants( 41,669) 1,937,426 1,895,757 Transfers (to) from other funds( 181,800) ( 2,439,084) ( 2,620,884) Ofu!Dbti!)Vtfe!jo*!Qspwjefe!cz Opo.Dbqjubm!Gjobodjoh!Bdujwjujft 490,206( 25,573) 464,633 Dbti!Gmpxt!gspn!Dbqjubm!boe!Sfmbufe Gjobodjoh!Bdujwjujft; Proceeds from capital debt- 2,382,411 2,382,411 Acquisition of capital assets( 467,233) ( 96,199) ( 563,432) Principal paid on capital debt- ( 748,659) ( 748,659) Interest paid on capital debt- ( 200,872) ( 200,872) Ofu!Dbti!Vtfe!jo!)Qspwjefe!cz*!Dbqjubm!boe! Sfmbufe!Gjobodjoh!Bdujwjujft 1,336,681( 467,233) 869,448 Dbti!Gmpxt!gspn!Jowftujoh!Bdujwjujft; Interest on cash and CD’s5,3582,1067,464 Ofu!Dbti!Qspwjefe!cz!Jowftujoh!Bdujwjujft 2,1065,358 7,464 Ofu!Dibohf!jo!Dbti!boe!Dbti!Frvjwbmfout 2,153,600 143,928 2,297,528 Cash, beginning of year2,606,953691,0863,298,039 Cash, end of year2,750,881$ 2,844,686$ 5,595,567$ Sfdpodjmjbujpo!pg!Pqfsbujoh!Jodpnf!up!Ofu!Dbti Qspwjefe!cz!Pqfsbujoh!Bdujwjujft; Operating income30,117$ ( 93,693)$ ( 63,576)$ Adjustments to reconcile operating income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation 148,873 427,244 576,117 Amortization of bond premiums- ( 10,913) ( 10,913) Changes in receivables( 45,217) ( 5,978) ( 51,195) Changes in deferred outflows of resources, as restated( 35,246) ( 41,151) ( 76,397) Changes in liabilities, as restated 503,307 19,598 522,905 Changes in deferred inflows of resources 29,542 29,500 59,042 Ofu!Dbti!Qspwjefe!cz!Pqfsbujoh!Bdujwjujft$ 324,607631,376$ 955,983$ See notes to financial statements. - 12 - TOWN OF ITHACA STATEMENT OF FIDUCIARY NET POSITION AGENCY FUNDS December 31, 2018 Bttfut; Cash314,090$ Upubm!Bttfut$314,090 Mjbcjmjujft; Accounts payable and other liabilities314,090$ Upubm!Mjbcjmjujft 314,090 Ofu!Qptjujpo - Upubm!Mjbcjmjujft!boe!Ofu!Qptjujpo$314,090 See notes to financial statements. - 13 - TOWN OF ITHACA NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS December 31, 2018 NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES The accompanying financial statements of the Town of Ithaca have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) as applied to government units. The Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) is the accepted standard setting body for establishing governmental accounting and financial reporting principles. A. Financial Reporting Entity The Town of Ithaca, which was established in 1821, is governed by the Town Law, other general municipal laws of the State of New York, and various local laws. The Town Board is the legislative body responsible for the overall operation, the Town Supervisor serves as Chief Executive Officer and Chief Fiscal Officer. The Town provides the following principal services: fire protection, transportation (streets and highways), recreation, planning and zoning, general administration, and public improvements. Street lighting is provided by the Town Board in nine separate areas of the Town called lighting districts. It is funded by means of a tax on the real property situated within each district. The Town provides for intersection street lighting from the General Fund appropriations. Fire protection for certain areas of the Town outside the village is provided by the Town Board via the Ithaca Fire Protection District. This district is funded by means of a tax on the real property situated within the district. Services for fire protection are contracted out through the City of Ithaca and the Village of Cayuga Heights. All governmental activities and functions performed for the Town of Ithaca are its direct responsibility. No other governmental organization has been included or excluded from the reporting entity. The financial reporting entity consists of the following, as defined by Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) Statement #14, "The Financial Reporting Entity:" 1. The primary government which is the Town of Ithaca. 2. Organizations for which the primary government is financially accountable, and; 3. Other organizations for which the nature and significance of their relationship with the primary government is such that exclusion would cause the reporting entity’s general-purpose financial statements to be misleading or incomplete. The decision to include a potential component unit in the reporting entity is based on the criteria set forth in GASB Statement #14, including legal standing, fiscal dependency, and financial accountability. - 14 - B.Excluded from the Reporting Entity The following activities are jointly undertaken with other municipalities. These activities are excluded from the Town’s financial statements. 1. Southern Cayuga Lake Intermunicipal Water Commission (SCLIWC) is a joint venture involving the Towns of Ithaca, Dryden, Lansing and the Villages of Cayuga Heights and Lansing. The joint venture operates under terms of an original agreement dated March 1, 1977. The agreement was restated on September 11, 2017. SCLIWC’s executive body consists of ten members, two members being appointed by each municipality. The Treasurer of SCLIWC is traditionally the Town of Ithaca’s Supervisor. The Town of Ithaca owns a majority (51.87%) of the Commission and must adopt its budget and any subsequent amendments. The executive body has established charges at rates intending to be self- sustaining to cover all operating costs and debt service. Any shortfalls in revenues produced by such charges will ultimately be provided by contributions from participants. A separate audited financial statement is available from the administrative offices of the Southern Cayuga Lake Intermunicipal Water Commission, 1402 East Shore Drive, Ithaca, New York 14850. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the audited financial statements of the Commission showed: Total Assets$13,886,093 Deferred Outflows of Resources690,456$ Total Liabilities6,401,468$ Deferred Inflows of Resources392,331$ Net Position7,782,750$ Total Revenues4,191,628$ Total Expenses3,577,238$ 2.The Ithaca Area Wastewater Treatment Plant (IAWTP) is a joint venture involving the Towns of Ithaca and Dryden, and the City of Ithaca. This joint venture was formed for the treatment of wastewater. The joint venture operates under terms of an original agreement dated December 22, 1981 and has been amended several times, the last of which is dated December 31, 2003. Construction of the treatment plant began in 1984 and was completed in 1986. The Special Joint Committee (governing body) of the IAWTP consists of eight members; four from the City of Ithaca, three from the Town of Ithaca, and one from the Town of Dryden. The City of Ithaca operates the plant and has custody of the joint activity funds. Capital costs allocated to the Town of Ithaca are 40.69% of the total. The governing body has established charges at rates intending to be self- sustaining to cover all operating costs and debt service. Any shortfall in revenues produced by such charges is to be provided by equal share contributions from the participants. - 15 - The following information is from the separately issued financial statements of the IAWTP for the year ended December 31, 2017 (latest available): Total Assets$31,604,628 Deferred Outflows of Resources233,759$ Total Liabilities20,900,464$ Deferred Inflows of Resources55,752$ Net Position10,882,171$ Total Revenues4,055,202$ Total Expenses5,676,896$ C. Basis of Presentation 1.Government-wide Statements The Statement of Net Position and the Statement of Activities present financial information about the Town’s governmental activities. These statements include the financial activities of the overall government in its entirety, except those that are fiduciary. Eliminations have been made to minimize the double counting of internal transactions. These statements distinguish between the governmental and business-type activities of the Town. Governmental activities generally are financed through taxes, state aid, intergovernmental revenues, and other exchange and non-exchange transactions. Business-type activities are financed in whole or in part by fees charged to external parties. Operating grants include operating-specific and discretionary (either operating or capital) grants, while the capital grants column reflects capital-specific grants. The Statement of Activities presents a comparison between direct expenses and program revenues for each function of the Town’s governmental activities. Direct expenses are those that are specifically associated with and are clearly identifiable to a function. Program revenues include charges paid by the recipients of goods or services offered by the programs, and grants and contributions that are restricted to meeting the operational or capital requirements of a program. Revenues that are not classified as program revenues, including all taxes, are presented as general revenues. 2. Fund Financial Statements The fund statements provide information about the Town’s funds, including fiduciary funds. Separate statements for each fund category (governmental, proprietary, and fiduciary) are presented. The emphasis of fund financial statements is on major Governmental and Enterprise Funds, each displayed in a separate column. All remaining Governmental Funds are aggregated and reported as non-major funds. Proprietary fund operating revenues, such as charges for services, result from exchange transactions associated with the principal activity of the fund. Exchange transactions are those in which each party receives and gives up essentially equal values. Non-operating revenues, such as subsidies and investments earnings, result from non-exchange transactions or ancillary activities. - 16 - The Town of Ithaca reports the following major Governmental Funds: General Fund: This is the Town’s primary operating fund. It accounts for all financial transactions that are not required by law or other provision to be accounted for in other funds. Highway Fund: Used to account for revenues and expenditures for part town highway purposes. Fire Protection District Fund: Used to record transactions involving the Town Fire Protection District and the contracts for fire protection with the City of Ithaca and Village of Cayuga Heights. Capital Projects Fund: Used to account for capital improvements financed from current monies transferred from other funds, federal and state grants and proceeds of obligations. The Town also reports the following non-major funds: Lighting District Fund: Used to record operation and maintenance transactions. Revenues derived from special districts’ assessment. Debt Service Fund: Used to account for interest earned on proceeds of borrowing for capital projects. Interest earned is transferred to the Debt Service Fund from the Capital Projects Fund and then to the Operating Funds for payment of principal and interest. Annual principal and interest payments due on serial bonds are transferred from the Town's other funds. Payments are made directly from the Debt Service Fund to the respective paying agents. Inlet Valley Cemetery Fund:The Inlet Valley Cemetery Association was dissolved in 2010, upon which ownership of the cemetery devolved to the Town in accordance with state statutes. This account is used to account for funds used for maintenance of the cemetery. The Town reports the following major enterprise funds: Water Fund: This enterprise fund is used to account for the activity of providing water service to residents of the Town of Ithaca. The Town is responsible for the collection of water revenues in the Town of Ithaca and contracts for delivery services with the Southern Cayuga Lake Intermunicipal Water Commission (SCLIWC) and Ithaca Area Wastewater Treatment Plant (IAWTP). Sewer Fund:This enterprise fund is used to account for the activity of providing sewer service to residents of the Town of Ithaca. The Town is responsible for the collection of sewer revenues in the Town of Ithaca and contracts for treatment services with the Southern Cayuga Lake Intermunicipal Water Commission (SCLIWC) and Ithaca Area Wastewater Treatment Plant (IAWTP). The Town reports the following fiduciary funds: Agency Fund:Used to account for those funds held in custody and subsequent distributions, transmittal or release to other governments, individuals or to other funds. - 17 - D. Measurement Focus and Basis of Accounting The Government-Wide financial statements are reported using the economic resources measurement focus and the accrual basis of accounting. Revenues are recorded when earned and expenses are recorded at the time liabilities are incurred, regardless of when the related cash transaction takes place. Non- exchange transactions, in which the Town gives or receives value without directly receiving or giving equal value in exchange, include property taxes, grants and donations. On an accrual basis, revenue from property taxes is recognized in the fiscal year for which the taxes are levied. Revenue from grants and donations are recognized in the fiscal year in which all eligibility requirements have been satisfied. Proprietary funds distinguish operating revenues and expenses from non- operating items. Operating revenues and expenses generally result from providing services and producing and delivering goods in connection with a proprietary fund’s principal ongoing operations. The principal operating revenues of the Town are charges to customers for sewer and water fees. Operating expenses for enterprise funds include the cost of sales and services, administrative expenses, and depreciation on capital assets. All revenues and expenses not meeting this definition are reported as non-operating revenues and expenses. The Governmental Funds are reported using the current financial resources measurement focus and the modified accrual basis of accounting. Under this basis of accounting, revenues are recorded when measurable and available. Available means collectible within the current period or soon enough thereafter to be used to pay liabilities of the current period. Material revenues that are accrued include real property taxes, state and federal aid sales tax and certain user charges. If expenditures are the prime factor for determining eligibility, revenues from federal and state grants are accrued when the expenditure is made. Expenditures are recorded when the related fund liability is incurred, except for principal and interest on general long-term debt, claims and judgments, and compensated absences, which are recognized as expenditures to the extent they have matured. General capital asset acquisitions are reported as expenditures in Governmental Funds. Proceeds of general long-term debt and acquisitions under capital leases are reported as other financing sources. E. Property Taxes Town real property taxes are levied annually on January 1 and become a lien on that date. Property owners can elect to pay their taxes using one of two options. Taxpayers may elect to pay their bill in two installments equal to ½ the total bill, plus a 2.5% processing fee. If the installment option is selected, the first payment is due between January 1 and January 14, without penalty, or between January 15, and January 20, with 1% interest (election to pay in installments ceases January 20). The second installment is due on or before July 1, payable to the County Division of Budget and Finance. Taxpayers may elect to pay their tax bill in full. Using this method, taxes are collected during the period January 1 to January 31 at face value and from February 1 to May 31 with interest added. The Town Receiver of Taxes collects all real estate taxes for Town and County purposes. The Town Receiver - 18 - distributes the collected tax money to the Town Supervisor prior to distributing the balance collected to the County on June 1. The Town thereby is assured of 100% tax collection. Responsibility for the collection of unpaid taxes rests with the County. Uncollected tax liens are sold annually by the County. F.Budgetary Data 1. Budget Policies – The budget policies are as follows: a. No later than October 5, the budget officer submits a tentative budget to the Town Board for the fiscal year commencing the following January 1. The tentative budget includes proposed expenditures and the proposed means of financing for all funds. b. After public hearings are conducted to obtain taxpayer comments, no later than November 20, the Town Board adopts the budget. c. All modifications of the budget must be approved by the Town Board. However, the Town Supervisor is authorized to transfer certain budgeted amounts within departments. d. Appropriations lapse at year-end. 2.Encumbrances Encumbrance accounting, under which purchase orders, contracts and other commitments for the expenditure of monies are recorded for budgetary control purposes to reserve that portion of the applicable appropriations, is employed in all funds. Encumbrances are reported as reservations of fund balances since they do not constitute expenditures or liabilities. Expenditures for such commitments are recorded in the period in which the liability is incurred. For the year ended December 31, 2018, no budgetary encumbrances were outstanding. In the interest of accurately monitoring, budgeting and maintaining an adequate operating fund balance in all funds, it is the Town's fiscal practice not to encumber unused appropriations into the ensuing year's budgeted operations. G. Cash and Investments The Town of Ithaca's investment policies are governed by State statutes. In addition, the Town of Ithaca has its own written investment policy. Town of Ithaca's monies must be deposited in FDIC insured commercial banks or trust companies located within the State. The supervisor is authorized to use demand accounts and certificates of deposit. Permissible investments include obligations of the U.S. Treasury and U.S. Agencies, repurchase agreements, and obligations of New York State or its localities. Collateral is required for demand deposits and certificates of deposit not covered by federal deposit insurance. Obligations that may be pledged as collateral are obligations of the United States and its agencies and obligations of the State and its municipalities and school districts. The written investment policy requires repurchase agreements to be purchased from banks located within the state and that underlying securities must be obligations of the federal government and New York State. Underlying securities must have market value of at least the cost of the repurchase agreement. - 19 - H. Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable are shown gross, with uncollectible amounts recognized under the direct write-off method. No allowance for uncollectible accounts has been provided since it is believed that such allowance would not be material. All receivables are expected to be collected within the subsequent fiscal year. I. Due to/from Other Funds Amounts due to and due from within the same fund type are eliminated in the Government-wide statements. Inter-fund receivables and payables are detailed in Note 4 on page 28. J. Inventories and Prepaid Items Purchases of inventoriable items are recorded as expenditures in the Governmental Funds at the time of purchase. Inventory-type items are considered immaterial and, consequently, are not provided in the Government-wide statements. Prepaid items represent payments made by the Town for which benefits extend beyond year-end. K. Capital Assets Capital assets are reported at historical cost. The Town depreciates capital assets using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the assets. Capitalization thresholds (the dollar value above which capital asset acquisitions are added to the capital asset accounts) and estimated useful lives of capital assets reported in the Government-wide statements are as follows: Estimated Capitalization Useful Threshold Life Building and improvements $ 5,000 30-40 years Non-building improvements 5,000 15-20 years Equipment and machinery 5,000 5-15 years Furniture and furnishings 5,000 10 years L. Infrastructure The Town includes long-lived improvements to roads, water and sewer systems as capital assets in the Government-wide statements. Infrastructures are reported at historical costs and are depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives. Capitalization thresholds and estimated useful lives for infrastructures are as follows: Estimated Capitalization Useful Threshold Life Road systems $ 10,000 20 years Water and sewer systems 10,000 40 years - 20 - M. Deferred Outflows/Inflows of Resources In addition to assets, the statement of net position will sometimes report a separate section for deferred outflows of resources. This separate financial statement element, deferred outflows of resources, represents a consumption of net position that applies to a future period(s) and so will not be recognized as an outflow of resources (expense/expenditure) until then. The Town has two items that qualify for reporting in this category; the deferred outflow related to pensions and OPEB reported in the Statement of Net Position. In addition to liabilities, the statement of net position will sometimes report a separate section for deferred inflows of resources. This separate financial statement element, deferred inflows of resources, represents an acquisition of net position that applies to a future period(s) and therefore, will not be recognized as an inflow of resources (revenue) until that time. The Town has two items that qualifies for reporting in this category; the deferred inflow related to pensions reported in the Statement of Net Position and the deferred inflow related to prepaid property taxes reported in each applicable governmental fund. N. Vested Employee Benefits Employees accrue (earn) vacation leave based on the number of years employed up to a maximum of 20 days a year. Upon separation from service, employees are paid for unused vacation time. The liability for accrued vacation time is reflected in the Government-wide statements as a long-term liability. Employees accrue (earn) sick leave at the rate of one day per month and may accumulate such credits up to a total of 120 days. Employees who retire apply any unused sick leave to pay for individual cost employee health insurance benefits and potentially add accumulated sick time to be credited to their service time in the New York State Retirement System. In addition to providing pension benefits, the Town of Ithaca provides health insurance coverage for retired employees. Substantially all the Town's employees may become eligible for these benefits if they reach normal retirement age while working for the Town. Health care benefits are provided through an insurance company whose premiums are based on the benefits paid during the year for the community. These benefits are further discussed in Note 9. O. Unemployment Insurance As of January 1, 1978, Town employees are covered by unemployment insurance. The Town has chosen to discharge its liability to the New York State Unemployment Insurance Fund by means of the benefit reimbursement method. This is a dollar-for-dollar reimbursement to the Unemployment Insurance Fund for the benefits paid to former employees and charged to the Town's account. The Town is exempt from federal unemployment insurance tax. P. Deferred Compensation The Town offers their employees a Deferred Compensation Plan (the Plan) created in accordance with Internal Revenue Code Section 457. The Plan, which is available to all eligible participants, permits participants to defer a portion of their salary (100% of gross wages not to exceed $18,500 or $24,500 for employees over the age of 50 to allow for catch up contributions) until future - 21 - years. Amounts deferred under the Plan are not available to the employee until termination, retirement, death or unforeseeable emergency. Effective, January 1, 1998, all amounts of compensation deferred under the Plan, all property and rights purchased with the amounts, and all income attributable to these amounts are the sole property of the employee. As required, the Town Supervisor is the Chairman of the Town’s Deferred Compensation Committee and Trustee. Q. Risk Retention The Town of Ithaca is exposed to various risks of loss related to employee injury. During 1996 the Town established reservations of fund balance to finance certain uninsured risks of loss in the interest of lower annual insurance costs. Claims that will be paid from these reserves are for small employee medical claims. During the year ended December 31, 2018, $17,645 was paid out on behalf of the employees. R. Restricted Resources When an expense is incurred for purposes for which both restricted and unrestricted net position is available, it is the Town’s policy to apply restricted funds before unrestricted funds, unless otherwise prohibited by legal requirements. S. Equity Classification 1. Government-wide Statements Equity is classified as net position and displayed in three components: Invested in Capital Assets, Net of Related Debt Consists of capital assets including restricted capital assets, net of accumulated depreciation and reduced by the outstanding balances of any bonds, mortgages, notes or other borrowings that are attributable to the acquisition, construction, or improvement of those assets. Restricted Net Position Consists of net position with constraints placed on the use either by 1) external groups such as creditors, grantors, contributors, or laws or regulations of other governments; or 2) law through constitutional provisions or enabling legislation. Unrestricted Net Position All other net position that does not meet the definition of “restricted” or “invested in capital assets, net of related debt.” 2.Fund Financial Statements Classification of fund balance reflects spending constraints on resources, rather than availability for appropriation to provide users more consistent and understandable information about a governmental fund’s net resources. Constraints are broken down into five different classifications: non-spendable, restricted, committed, assigned, and unassigned. The classifications serve to inform readers of the financial statements of the extent to which the - 22 - government is bound to honor constraints on the specific purposes for which resources in a fund can be spent. Governmental fund equity is classified as fund balance. In the fund basis statements there are five classifications of fund balance: Non-spendable Fund Balance Consists of assets that are inherently non-spendable in the current period either because of their form or because they must be maintained intact, including prepaid items, inventories, long-term portions of loans receivable, financial assets held for resale and principal of endowments. The Town’s non-spendable fund balance is comprised of prepaid expenses. Restricted Fund Balance Consists of amounts that are subject to externally enforceable legal purpose restrictions imposed by creditors, grantors, contributors or laws or regulations of other governments; or imposed by law through constitutional provisions or enabling legislation. The Town’s restricted fund balance includes a general-purpose benefit reserve, a parks and open space plan reserve, a highway equipment reserve and a reserve for cemetery maintenance. Committed Fund Balance Consists of amounts that are subject to a purpose constraint imposed by formal action of the Town’s highest level of decision-making authority (the Town Board) before the end of the fiscal year and that require the same level of formal action to remove the constraint. Assigned Fund Balance Consists of amounts that are subject to a purpose constraint that represents an intended use established by the government’s highest level of decision- making authority or by their designated body or official. In funds other than the General Fund, the Town’s assigned fund balance represents the residual amount of fund balance. In the General Fund, assigned fund balance represents the portion of fund balance appropriated for the ensuing year’s budget. Unassigned Fund Balance Represents the residual classification of the government’s general fund and could report a surplus or a deficit. In funds other than the general fund, the unassigned classification is used only to report a deficit balance resulting from overspending for specific purposes for which amounts had been restricted, committed or assigned. 3.Order of Use of Fund Balance The Town’s policy is to apply expenditures against non-spendable fund balance, restricted fund balance, committed fund balance, assigned fund balance and unassigned fund balance at the end of the fiscal year. For all - 23 - funds, non-spendable fund balances are determined first and then restricted fund balances for specific purposes are determined. Any remaining fund balance amounts for funds other than the General Fund are classified as committed or assigned fund balance. In the General Fund, committed fund balance is determined next and then assigned fund balance. The remaining amounts are reported as unassigned. Assignments of fund balance cannot cause a negative unassigned fund balance. 4. Fund Financial Statements - Restricted Fund Balance The General Town-Wide Fund equity includes reserve funds established for the purpose of future park development and purchasing rights as outlined in the Town’s Open Space Plan. The balance at the end of 2018 was $832,626. This Reserve Fund was designated by Board Resolution No. 170 of October 2, 1997. Interest earnings and additional funding for the year both increased the Reserve Fund. The General Part-Town Highway Fund equity includes reserve funds established for the replacement of highway machinery. The balance at the end of 2018 was $283,905. This Highway Equipment Reserve Fund was designated by Board resolution No. 193 of November 8, 1984, and any unexpended appropriation for machinery at year end is to be transferred to the Reserve Fund. The Reserve Fund is also increased by interest earned for the year. The General Town-Wide Fund, the General-Part Town Fund, the General Part-Town Highway Fund, the Water Fund, and the Sewer Fund equity include funds established for fiscally managing annual economic increases and decreases in employee fringe benefits (e.g. NYS Retirement Costs, Health Insurance). The aggregate balance at the end of 2018 was $350,392. This Reserve Fund was established at the June 13, 2005 Town Board meeting under Board Resolution No. 084. The reserve is funded on an annual basis as assessed by the Town Board. The reserve also is increased by interest earned for the year. The balance by fund is as follows: General Town-Wide Fund $ 165,628 General Part-Town Fund 69,468 General Part-Town Highway Fund 79,412 Water Fund 23,838 Sewer Fund 12,046 $ 350,392 The General Town-Wide Fund equity includes reserve funds designated for the maintenance of the Pine Tree Wildlife Preserve, donated to the Town by a local family in 2013. In conjunction with the donation of the land, the amount of $40,000 was donated to provide for future maintenance of the preserve. As of December 31, 2018, the balance of the reserve totaled $40,173. In 2014, the Town purchased development rights to Indian Creek Farm with financial assistance through a grant provided by New York State. The grant included $10,000 to be held in reserve by the Town, designated for future stewardship of Indian Creek Farmlands. The reserve is reflected in the General Town-wide Fund and had a balance of $9,752 at December 31, 2018. - 24 - The Inlet Valley Cemetery Fund reserve includes funds provided for the maintenance of the cemetery. The balance at the end of 2018 was $4,426 and was included within the General Town-Wide Fund. T. Inter-fund Transfers The operations of the Town give rise to certain transactions between funds, including transfers to provide services and construct assets. The amounts reported on the Statement of Revenues, Expenditures and Changes in Fund Balance- Governmental Funds for inter-fund transfers have been eliminated for the Statement of Activities. A detailed description of the individual fund transfers that occurred during the year is provided subsequently in these Notes. U.New Accounting Pronouncements GASB Statement No. 75 In June 2015, the GASB issued Statement No. 75, “Accounting and Financial Reporting for Postemployment Benefits Other Than Pensions”. The statement replaces the requirements of GASB Statement No. 45, “Accounting and Financial Reporting by Employers for Postemployment Benefits Other Than Pensions”. Among other things, Statement 75 requires governments to report a liability on the face of the financial statements for the OPEB that they provide and requires governments in all types of OPEB plans to present more extensive note disclosures and required supplementary information about their OPEB liabilities. The Town adopted GASB Statement No. 75 for its 2018 financial statements (see Note 9). GASB Statement No. 85 In March 2017, the GASB issued Statement No. 85, “Omnibus 2017”. This Statement’s objective is to address practice issues that have been identified during implementation and application of certain GASB Statements. This Statement addresses a variety of topics including issues related to blending component units, goodwill, fair value measurement and application, and postemployment benefits (pensions and other postemployment benefits \[OPEB\]). Specifically, this Statement addresses the following topics: Blending a component unit in circumstances in which the primary government is a business-type activity that reports in a single column for financial statement presentation. Reporting amounts previously reported as goodwill and “negative” goodwill. Classifying real estate held by insurance entities. Measuring certain money market investments and participating interest-earning investment contracts at amortized cost. Timing of the measurement of pension or OPEB liabilities and expenditures recognized in financial statements prepared using the current financial resources measurement focus. Recognizing on-behalf payments for pensions or OPEB in employer financial statements. Presenting payroll-related measures in required supplementary information for purposes of reporting by OPEB plans and employers that provide OPEB. Classifying employer-paid member contributions for OPEB. Simplifying certain aspects of the alternative measurement method of OPEB. Accounting and financial reporting for OPEB provided through certain multiple employer defined benefit OPEB plans. - 25 - The Town adopted GASB Statement No. 85 for its 2018 financial statements. The adoption did not impact the Town’s financial statements. GASB Statement No. 86 In May 2017, the GASB issued Statement No. 86, “Certain Debt Extinguishment Issues”. This Statement’s primary objective is to improve consistency in accounting and financial reporting for in-substance defeasance of debt by providing guidance for transactions in which cash and other monetary assets acquired with only existing resources—resources other than the proceeds of refunding debt—are placed in an irrevocable trust for the sole purpose of extinguishing debt. This Statement also improves accounting and financial reporting for prepaid insurance on debt that is extinguished and notes to financial statements for debt that is defeased in substance. The Town adopted GASB Statement No. 86 for its 2018 financial statements. The adoption did not impact the Town’s financial statements. The GASB has issued the following new statements: Statement No. 83, Certain Asset Retirement Obligations, which will be effective for the year ending December 31, 2019. Statement No. 84, Fiduciary Activities, which will be effective for the year ending December 31, 2020. Statement No. 87, Leases, which will be effective for the year ending December 31, 2021. Statement No. 88, Certain Disclosures Related to Debt, including Direct Borrowings and Direct Placements, which will be effective for the year ending December 31, 2019. Statement No. 89, Accounting for Interest Cost Incurred before the End of a Construction Period, which will be effective for the year ending December 31, 2020. Statement No. 90 Majority Equity Interests - an amendment of GASB Statements No. 14 and No. 61 which will be effective for the year ending December 31, 2020. Statement No. 91 Conduit Debt Obligations, which will be effective for the year ending December 31, 2021. The Town is currently reviewing these statements and plans on adoption, as required. V.Non-Cash Capital and Related Financing Activities - Proprietary Funds In 2018, the Water Fund acquired capital assets totaling $1,767,289 with the proceeds of debt. Additionally, the Water Fund recorded debt and a receivable of $1,669,500 related to the Town of Ithaca’s proportionate share of bond liabilities related to the Southern Cayuga Intermunicipal Water Commission. This activity is not reflected in the Statement of Cash Flows for Proprietary Funds. NOTE 2 – EXPLANATION OF CERTAIN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN GOVERNMENTAL FUND STATEMENTS AND GOVERNMENT-WIDE STATEMENTS Due to the differences in the measurement focus and basis of accounting used in the governmental fund statements and the Government-wide statements, certain financial transactions are treated differently. The differences result primarily from the economic focus of the Statement of Activities, compared with the current financial resources focus of the Governmental Funds. - 26 - A.Total Fund Balances of Governmental Funds vs. Net Position of Governmental Activities: Total fund balances of the Town’s governmental funds differ from “net position” of governmental activities reported in the Statement of Net Position. This difference primarily results from the additional long-term economic focus of the Statement of Net Position versus the solely current financial resources focus of the Governmental Fund Balance Sheet. B. Explanation of Difference between Governmental Funds Operating Statement and the Statement of Activities: Differences between the Governmental Funds Statement of Revenues, Expenditures and Changes in Fund Balance and the Statement of Activities fall into one of three broad categories. The amounts shown below represent these differences as follows: Long-term revenue differences arise because Governmental Funds report revenues only when they are considered “available,” whereas the Statement of Activities reports revenues when earned. Differences in long-term expenses arise because Governmental Funds report on a modified accrual basis, whereas the accrual basis of accounting is used on the Statement of Activities. Capital related differences include the difference between proceeds for the sale of capital assets reported on Governmental Fund Statements and the gain or loss on the sale of assets as reported on the Statement of Activities, and the difference between recording an expenditure for the purchase of capital items in the Governmental Fund Statements and depreciation expense on those items as recorded in the Statement of Activities. Long-term debt transaction differences occur because both interest and principal payments are recorded as expenditures in the Governmental Fund statements, whereas interest payments are recorded in the Statement of Activities as incurred, and principal payments are recorded as a reduction of liabilities in the Statement of Net Position. The basic financial statements contain a detailed reconciliation of 1) the items creating the differences between fund balance reported in the Governmental Fund Statements and net position reported on the Statement of Net Position and 2) the items creating the differences between the change in fund balance reported in the Governmental Fund Statements and the change in net position reported in the Statement of Activities. NOTE 3 – CASH The Town of Ithaca’s investment policies are governed by State statutes, as previously described in these Notes. Deposits are valued at cost- or cost-plus interest and are categorized as either: 1. Insured or collateralized with securities held by the entity or by its agent in the entity’s name; 2. Collateralized with securities held by the pledging financial institution’s trust department or agency in the entity’s name; or 3. Uncollateralized. Total financial institution (bank) balances at December 31, 2018, per the bank, were $19,738,643. - 27 - 1 2 3 Governmental funds $ 13,729,005 $ - $ - Enterprise funds $ 5,555,789 $ - $ - Agency funds $ 453,849 $ - $ - NOTE 4 – INTER-FUND ACTIVITY Inter-fund receivables and payables at December 31, 2018, were as follows: Inter-FundInter-Fund Fund TypeReceivablesPayables General town-wide-$ 49,413$ Highway 112,976 27,510 Water 11,578- Sewer 24,475- Capital projects- - $ 112,976112,976$ Inter-fund revenues and expenditures at December 31, 2018, were as follows: Inter-FundInter-Fund Fund TypeRevenuesExpenditures General town-wide593,200$ 310,058$ General part-town103 - Highway 150,000 554,158 r 2,439,084- Wate Sewer 181,800- Capital projects2,468,684 - Risk retention15,000 - Non-major -258,113 $ 3,485,1003,485,100$ - 28 - NOTE 5 – CAPITAL ASSETS Capital asset balances and activity for the year ended December 31, 2018, were as follows: BeginningDisposals &Ending BalanceAdditionsReclassificationsBalance Governmental Funds Dbqjubm!Bttfut!uibu!bsf opu!Efqsfdjbufe; Land599,780$ - $ -$ 599,780$ Construction in progress361,466 541,389 8,710 894,145 Upubm!Opo.Efqsfdjbcmf Ijtupsjdbm!Dptu 541,389961,246 8,710 1,493,925 Dbqjubm!Bttfut!uibu!bsf!Efqsfdjbufe; Buildings5,048,915 - - 5,048,915 Equipment and machinery5,727,959 496,129 166,824 6,057,264 Furniture and furnishings209,179 - - 209,179 Non-building improvements1,024,060 - - 1,024,060 Infrastructures5,855,464 191,322 - 6,046,786 Upubm!Efqsfdjbcmf!Ijtupsjdbm!Dptu 687,45117,865,577 166,824 18,386,204 Mftt!Bddvnvmbufe!Efqsfdjbujpo; Buildings1,929,563 150,188 - 2,079,751 Equipment and machinery3,301,079 534,183 129,618 3,705,644 Furniture and furnishings202,934 2,549 - 205,483 Non-building improvements384,559 42,550 - 427,109 Infrastructures1,157,039 262,744 - 1,419,783 Upubm!Bddvnvmbufe!Efqsfdjbujpo 992,2146,975,174 129,618 7,837,770 Upubm!Ijtupsjdbm!Dptu-!net $ 236,62611,851,649$ 45,916$ 12,042,359$ Depreciation was charged to governmental functions as follows: General government support108,874$ Transportation623,398 Culture and recreation87,383 Home and community services172,559 Total Depreciation Expense992,214$ - 29 - BeginningDisposals &Ending BalanceAdditionsReclassificationsBalance Enterprise Funds Dbqjubm!Bttfut!uibu!bsf opu!Efqsfdjbufe; Construction in progress622,473$ 1,917,768$ 156,853$ 2,383,388$ Dbqjubm!Bttfut!uibu!bsf!Efqsfdjbufe; Equipment and machinery963,477 175,830 - 1,139,307 Infrastructures17,416,911 394,273 - 17,811,184 Upubm!Efqsfdjbcmf!Ijtupsjdbm!Dptu 570,10318,380,388 - 18,950,491 Mftt!Bddvnvmbufe!Efqsfdjbujpo; Equipment and machinery210,533 136,772 - 347,305 Infrastructures2,879,595 439,343 - 3,318,938 Upubm!Bddvnvmbufe!Efqsfdjbujpo 576,1153,090,128 - 3,666,243 Upubm!Ijtupsjdbm!Dptu-!net $ 1,911,75615,912,733$ 156,853$ 17,667,636$ Depreciation was charged to enterprise funds as follows: Sewer fund148,872$ Water fund427,243 Total Depreciation Expense576,115$ NOTE 6 – LIABILITIES A. Pension Plans Plan Description The Town of Ithaca participates in the New York State and Local Employees’ Retirement System (ERS) and the Public Employees’ Group Life Insurance Plan (Systems). These are cost-sharing multiple-employer retirement systems. The Systems provide retirement benefits as well as death and disability benefits. Obligations of employers and employees to contribute and benefits to employees are governed by the New York State Retirement and Social Security Law (NYSRSSL). As set forth in the NYSRSSL, the Comptroller of the State of New York (Comptroller) serves as sole trustee and administrative head of the Systems. The Comptroller shall adopt and may amend rules and regulations for the administration and transaction of the business of the Systems and for the custody and control of their funds. The Systems issue a publicly available financial report that includes financial statements and required supplementary information. That report may be obtained by writing to the New York State and Local Retirement Systems, Gov. Alfred E. Smith State Office Building, Albany, NY 12244. - 30 - Funding Policy The Systems are noncontributory except for employees who joined the New York State and Local Employees’ Retirement System after July 27, 1976 who contribute 3% of their salary for their first 10 years in the system, and employees who joined on or after January 1, 2010 who generally contribute 3% percent of their salary for their entire length of service. Under the authority of the NYSRSSL, the Comptroller shall certify annually the rates expressed as proportions of member payroll and employer contributions, used in computing the contributions required to be made by employers to the pension accumulation fund. Chapter 126 adds Article 19 "Benefits Enhancements" of the New York State and Local Employees Retirement System. An Eligible Tier III or IV member with ten or more years of membership or ten years credited service will not be required to contribute to the Retirement System. Effective in 2000, the Town adopted Section 41j of the Retirement System. This allows a retiring municipal employee to add service credit by using accumulated sick time. The Town of Ithaca is required to contribute at an actuarially determined rate. The required contributions for the current year and four preceding years were: ERS 2018489,081$ 2017459,827$ 2016513,481$ 2015548,769$ 2014570,512$ Town contributions made to the Systems were equal to 100% of the contributions required for each year. Since 1989, the Systems’ billings have been based on Chapter 62 of the Laws of 1989 of the State of New York. This legislation requires participating employers to make payments on a current basis, while amortizing existing unpaid amounts relating to the Systems’ fiscal years ended March 31, 1988 and 1989 (which otherwise were to have been paid on June 30, 1989 and 1990, respectively) over a 17-year period, with an 8.75% interest factor added. Local governments were given the option to prepay this liability. The Town’s total unpaid liability at the end of 2018 fiscal year was $0. a.Southern Cayuga Lake Intermunicipal Water Commission Pension Plan The Southern Cayuga Lake Intermunicipal Water Commission’s payroll is prepared through the Town of Ithaca, resulting in the New York State and Local Retirement Plan billings being a combination of the Town’s and the Water Commission’s. The Water Commission is remitted along with the Town’s share. Pension Liabilities and Deferred Outflows and Inflows of Resources Related to Pensions At December 31, 2018, the Town reported the following liability for its proportionate share of the net pension liability for the Systems. The net pension liability was measured as of March 31, 2018. The total pension liability used to calculate the net pension liability was determined by an actuarial valuation. - 31 - Measurement dateMarch 31, 2018 Net pension liability390,624$ Town’s portion of the Plan’s total net pension liability0.012103% Change in proportionate share since prior measurement date0.001074% At year end December 31, 2018, the Town recognized pension expenses of $499,470. The Town reported deferred outflows of resources related to pensions from the following sources: Deferred Outflows of Resources Differences between expected and actual experience139,324$ Changes of assumptions259,018 Net difference between projected and actual investment earnings on pension plan investments567,353 Changes in proportion and differences between employer contributions and proportionate share of contributions108,724 Employer contributions subsequent to the measurement date489,081 Total1,563,500$ The Town reported deferred inflows of resources related to pensions from the following sources: Deferred Inflows of Resources Differences between expected and actual experience115,132$ Changes of assumptions- Net difference between projected and actual investment earnings on pension plan investments1,119,898 Changes in proportion and differences between employer contributions and proportionate share of contributions20,752 Total1,255,782$ The Town’s contributions subsequent to the measurement date for the Plans amounted to $489,081. The Town’s contributions subsequent to the measurement date will be recognized as a reduction of the net pension liability in the year ended December 31, 2018. The Town’s balances of deferred outflows and inflows of resources related to pension will be recognized in the pension expense as follows: - 32 - 2018115,729$ 201989,420 2020( 264,223) 2021( 122,291) Total( 181,365)$ Actuarial Assumptions The Town’s total pension liability as of the measurement date was determined by using an actuarial valuation as of April 1, 2017, with updated procedures used to roll forward the total pension liability to March 31, 2018. The actuarial valuations used the following actuarial assumptions: Actuarial cost methodEntry age normal Inflation2.5% Investment rate of return7.0% Salary scale3.8% Projected COLAs1.3% Decrement tables04/01/10-03/31/15 System’s experience Annuitant mortality rates are based on April 1, 2010 – March 31, 2015 System’s experience with adjustments for mortality improvements based on the Society of Actuaries Scale MP-2014. The Town’s long-term rate of return on pension plan investments was determined using a building block method in which best estimate ranges of expected future real rates of return (expected returns net of investment expense and inflation) are developed for each major asset class. These ranges are combined to produce the long-term expected rate of return by weighting the expected future real rates of return by each of the target asset allocation percentages and by adding expected inflation. Best estimate of the arithmetic real rates of return for each major asset class included in the target asset allocation at the valuation date of March 31, 2018 are as follows: Long-Term Expected Real Asset ClassTarget AllocationRate of Return Domestic equity36%4.55% International equity14%6.35% Private equity10%7.50% Real estate10%5.55% Absolute return strategies2%3.75% Opportunistic portfolio3%5.68% Real assets3%5.29% Bonds and mortgages17%1.31% Cash1%-0.25% Inflation-indexed bonds4%1.25% 100% - 33 - Discount rate The Discount rate used to calculate the total pension liability was 7.0%. The projection of cash flows used to determine the discount rate assumes that the contributions from plan members will be made at the current contributions rates and that contributions from employers will be made at statutorily required rates, actuarially determined. Based upon the assumptions, the System’s fiduciary net position was projected to be available to make all projected future benefit payments of current plan members. Therefore, the long term expected rate of return on pension plan investments was applied to all periods of projected benefit payments to determine the total pension liability. Sensitivity of the Proportionate Share of the Net Pension Liability to the Discount Rate Assumption The following tables present the Town’s proportionate share of the net pension liability/(asset) calculated using the discount rate of 7.0%, as well as what the Town’s proportionate share of the net pension liability would be if it were calculated using a discount rate that is one percentage point lower (6.0%) or one percentage point higher (8.0%) that the current rate: Current 1% Decrease Assumption1% Increase (6.0%)(7.0%)(8.0%) Town’s proportionate share of the net pension (asset)/liability2,955,581$ 390,624$ ( 1,779,224)$ Pension Plan Fiduciary Net Position The components of the current-year net pension liabilities of the employers as of March 31, 2018 were as follows: Employers’ total pension liability$( 183,400,590,000) Fiduciary net position180,173,145,000 Employers’ net pension liability$( 3,227,445,000) Ratio of Plan net position to the employers’ total pension asset/(liability)98.24% B. Short-Term Debt Liabilities for bond anticipation notes (BANs) are generally accounted for in the Capital Projects Fund. The notes or renewal thereof may not extend more than five years beyond the original date of issue unless a portion is redeemed within five years and within each 12-month period thereafter. For short-term financing, the Town of Ithaca redeems (pays down) one-fifth (1/5) of the original BAN borrowing. State law requires that BANs issued for capital purposes be converted to long- term obligations within five years after the original issue date. However, BANs issued for assessable improvement projects may be renewed for period’s equivalent to the maximum life of the permanent financing, provided that stipulated annual reductions of principal are made. - 34 - As of December 31, 2018, temporary financing in outstanding bond anticipation notes totaled $0. C. Long-Term Debt Bonds: The Town of Ithaca borrows money in order to acquire land or equipment or construct buildings and improvements. This enables the cost of these capital assets to be borne by the present and future taxpayers. At December 31, 2018, the total principal indebtedness outstanding of the Town of Ithaca aggregated $15,541,500. Of this amount, $2,923,589 was subject to the Town’s constitutional debt limit and represented 3.02% of the Town’s debt limit. Further calculations disclosed that the Town of Ithaca meets the 7% indebtedness requirement and has not exhausted its borrowing and repayment abilities. The following is a summary of the Town of Ithaca’s outstanding serial bonds for the year ended December 31, 2018: Original DateOriginalInterestMaturityOutstanding Descriptionof IssueAmountRateDate12/31/2018 Hfofsbm!Upxoxjef!Gvoe 2011 Public Improvement9/1/11300,000$ 2.50%9/1/2190,000$ 2013 Public Improvement8/1/13790,000 2.25%8/1/23448,000 Xbufs!Gvoe 2004 Public Improvement2/12/041,000,000 3.88%2/12/1967,000 2009 Public Improvement10/1/091,125,000 3.00%10/1/24510,000 2011 Public Improvement9/1/112,000,000 2.50%9/1/311,480,000 2013 Public Improvement8/1/131,420,000 2.25%8/1/23945,000 2014 Public Improvement12/30/14950,000 2.00%12/15/291,577,000 2014 Refunding Bond12/30/14910,000 2.00%5/15/24580,000 2015 Public Improvement11/13/152,150,000 2.00%10/15/301,774,000 2018 Public Improvement12/6/184,150,000 2.99%12/1/334,150,000 SCLIWC serial bondsvarious3,763,000 variousvarious1,669,500 Ijhixbz!Gvoe 2011 Public Improvement9/1/11350,000 2.50%9/1/21105,000 2013 Public Improvement8/1/131,240,000 2.25%8/1/23782,000 2014 Public Improvement12/30/14950,000 2.25%12/15/29703,000 2015 Public Improvement11/13/15800,000$ 2.00%10/15/30661,000 Total Serial Bonds Payable15,541,500$ Interest on long-term debt paid during the year was: Interest paid288,643$ Add interest accrued - current year75,520 Less interest accrued - prior year( 72,445) $291,718 - 35 - Interest expense has been allocated to the following governmental functions: General8,821$ Transportation76,829 $85,650 Interest expense has been allocated to the following enterprise funds: Water fund206,068$ Long-term liability balances and activity for the year are summarized below: BeginningEnding Governmental FundsBalanceAdditionsReductionsBalance Serial bonds3,221,930$ -$ ( 298,341)$ 2,923,589$ Total serial bonds and3,221,930$ -$ ( 298,341)$ 2,923,589$ Other liabilities: Compensated absences154,776$ 10,823$ -$ 165,599$ Net pension liability953,622 - ( 588,485) 365,137 Other post-employment benefits, as restated 745,3176,318,344 - 7,063,661 Total long-term liabilities10,648,672$ 756,140$ ( 886,826)$ 10,517,986$ BeginningEnding Enterprise FundsBalanceAdditionsReductionsBalance Serial bonds7,547,070$ 4,150,000$ ( 748,659)$ 10,948,411$ SCLIWC serial bonds2,053,750 - ( 384,250) 1,669,500 Total serial bonds and bond anticipation notes9,600,820$ 4,150,000$ ( 1,132,909)$ 12,617,911$ Other liabilities: Compensated absences17,799$ 2,655$ -$ 20,454$ Net pension liability82,703 - ( 57,216) 25,487 Other post-employment benefits, as restated 92,026726,609 - 818,635 Total long-term liabilities10,427,931$ 4,244,681$ ( 1,190,125)$ 13,482,487$ Activity for compensated absences is shown at net due to the impracticability of determining these amounts separately. Payments of compensated absences are dependent upon future factors and, therefore, the timing of such payments cannot be determined. Compensated absences are reflected as a long-term liability in the Statement of Net Position. - 36 - The following is a summary of the maturity of total long-term indebtedness (excluding SCLIWC bonds): Serial BondsYearPrincipalInterest Total 20191,302,000$ 382,930$ 1,684,930$ 20201,250,000 354,126 1,604,126 20211,275,000 323,399 1,598,399 20221,230,000 287,150 1,517,150 20231,260,000 254,428 1,514,428 2024-20284,870,000 819,073 5,689,073 2029-20332,685,000 198,141 2,883,141 Total Serial Bonds13,872,000$ 2,619,247$ 16,491,247$ There was no long-term debt that has been authorized and unissued at December 31,2018. NOTE 7 – DEBT: SOUTHERN CAYUGA LAKE INTERMUNICIPAL WATER COMMISSION (SCLIWC) Per agreement, the Town of Ithaca is a joint obligor of debt used to fund the capital activities of the Southern Cayuga Lake Intermunicipal Water Commission (SCLIWC). The Town has recorded a liability for bonds payable in the Water Fund of $1,669,500 representing the Town’s approximate 53% share of the total outstanding serial bond debt associated with SCLIWC as of December 31, 2018. Historically, and consistent with the cooperative agreement of the SCLIWC participating municipalities, the repayment of SCLIWC debt and related interest has been funded through user fees charged by the Water Commission. Accordingly, the Water Fund reflects a receivable (due from other governments) of $1,669,500 at December 31, 2018 which reflects the anticipated debt principal payments to be made by SCLIWC. The following reflects information related to the total serial bond debt for SCLIWC at December 31, 2018: Date OriginalDate ofOutstanding Descriptionof IssueAmountI/RFinal Maturity12/31/2018 Joint Water Improvement 410/5/20122,600,000 2% - 3%9/5/20321,940,000$ Joint Water Improvement 56/12/20131,500,000 3%-3.25%6/1/20331,210,000 Total Serial Bonds$3,150,000 - 37 - The following is a summary of the maturity of total long-term indebtedness for SCLIWC debt: YearPrincipalInterestTotal Serial Bonds2019185,000$ 85,688$ 270,688$ 2020190,000 81,288 271,288 2021190,000 76,788 266,788 2022195,000 72,288 267,288 2023205,000 67,456 272,456 2024-20332,185,000 340,913 2,525,913 Total Serial Bonds3,150,000$ 724,421$ 3,874,421$ NOTE 8 – UNRESTRICTED BALANCES Of the $8,670,738 in unrestricted net position, $1,321,222 has been appropriated by the Town for 2019 expenditures. NOTE 9 – POSTEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSIONS Plan Description - The Town of Ithaca administers a single-employer defined benefit healthcare plan (“the Retiree Health Plan”). The plan provides lifetime healthcare insurance for eligible retirees and their spouses through the Town’s group health insurance plan, which covers both active and retired members. The Town pays a portion of retiree’s premiums for healthcare insurance based on the number of years of service to the Town at the time of retirement. In addition, retiring employees can convert unused sick time to offset portions of healthcare premiums that are the retiree’s responsibility. The Town tracks the accumulated balances and makes premium payments on behalf of the retirees until the balances are exhausted. The Retiree Health Plan does not issue a publicly available financial report. Employees Covered by Benefit Terms At December 31, 2018 the following employees were covered by the benefit terms: Inactive employees and beneficiaries11 Active employees55 Total66 - 38 - Funding Policy The Town contributes a portion of the retiree’s healthcare premium according to the following schedule. For employees whose most recent date of hire is prior to 1/1/2015, the following percentages apply: Years ofTown ServiceContribution 30 and over75.0% 25-29 50.0% 15-2435.0% 5-1420.0% less than 50.0% For employees who were hired on or after 1/1/2015, the following percentages apply: Years ofTown ServiceContribution 30 and over50.0% 25-29 35.0% 10-2420.0% less than 100.0% The OPEB Liability The Town’s total OPEB Liability of $7,882,296 was measured as of January 1, 2018 and was determined by an actuarial valuation as of January 1, 2018. Actuarial Methods and Assumptions The actuarial valuation used the following actuarial assumptions: Entry Age Normal Actuarial cost method Salary increase3.5% Discount rate3.44% Rate of inflation2.4% Premium trend 5% for 2019, 6.5% in 2020, with subsequent The discount rate used was Bond Buyer Weekly 20-Bond index. Mortality rates were based on the sex-distinct RPH-2014 Mortality Tables for employees and healthy annuitants, adjusted backward to 2006 with scale MP-2014, and then adjusted for mortality improvements with scale MP-2017 mortality improvement scale on a fully generational basis. This assumption was based on a review of published mortality tables and the demographics of the Plan. - 39 - Changes in the total OPEB Liability Service cost230,892$ Interest273,690 Changes of benefit terms- Differences between expected and actual experience- Changes of assumptions or other inputs403,479 Benefit payments( 70,717) Net change in total OPEB Liability837,344 r7,044,952 Total OPEB Liability - Beginning of yea y - End of year7,882,296$ Total OPEB Liabilit Changes of assumptions and other inputs reflect the effects of changes in the discount rate each period. The discount rate in effect at the current measurement date is 3.44%. Sensitivity of the Total OPEB Liability to Changes in the Discount Rate The following presents the total OPEB liability of the Commission, as well as what the total OPEB liability would be if it were calculated using a discount rate that is 1 percentage point lower (2.44%) or 1 percentage point higher (4.44%) than the current discount rate: 1% Decrease Current 1% Increase (2.44%)(3.44%)(4.44%) Total OPEB Liability9,249,368$ 7,882,297$ 6,770,936$ Sensitivity of the Total OPEB Liability to Changes in the Healthcare Cost Trend Rates The following presents the total OPEB liability of the Commission, as well as what the Commission’s total OPEB liability would be if it were calculated using healthcare cost trend rates that are 1 percentage point lower (5.5-2.94%) or 1 percentage point higher (7.5-4.94%) than the current healthcare cost trend rate: Current Trend 1% Decrease Rates1% Increase Total OPEB Liability6,596,686$ 7,882,297$ 9,515,042$ - 40 - OPEB Expense and Deferred Outflows of Resources Related to OPEB For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Town recognized OPEB expense of $561,651. At December 31, 2018, the Town reported deferred outflows of resources related to OPEB from the following sources: Deferred Outflows of Resources Differences between expected and actual experience-$ Changes of assumptions or other inputs346,430 Contributions made after measurement date (including implicit subsidy)73,511 $419,941 The Commission’s balances of deferred outflows resources related to pension will be recognized in OPEB expense as follows: 201957,069$ 202057,069 202157,069 202257,069 Thereafter118,134 $346,410 NOTE 10 – POLLUTION REMEDIATION CONTINGENT OBLIGATION In 2009, a site commonly known as the Ithaca Area Wastewater Treatment Plant (IAWTP), which is jointly owned and operated by the City of Ithaca and the Towns of Ithaca and Dryden, was listed as a site under CERCLA for hydrocarbon contamination (coal-tar). The City of Ithaca was sued by First Energy (parent company of New York State Electric & Gas) for $750,000 in remediation costs. The Town of Ithaca and Dryden voluntarily joined in defense of this lawsuit. In 2010 an out-of-court settlement was reached in the amount of $284,249, of which the Town of Ithaca is liable for $80,000, payable over a ten-year period. At December 31, 2018, the remaining liability totaled $16,000. - 41 - NOTE 11 – TAX ABATEMENTS Town of Ithaca negotiates property tax abatement agreements on an individual basis. The Town of Ithaca has tax abatement agreements with five entities as of December 31, 2018: Percentage of Amount of Total Amount of Taxes Taxes Abated Taxes due duringAbated during during the Fiscal the Fiscal Yearthe Fiscal YearYear Purpose Acquire, construct and equip a new residential campus for student housing.219,618$ 87,715$ 40% Purchase of housing development fund company and continuation to conform to requirements for low income housing.23,083 862 4% Acquiring title to acres of vacant land and maintain and operate solely as a housing project for persons of low income.16,818 526 3% Construction of new brewing facility, welcome center and brew pub.26,381 11,727 44% Each agreement was negotiated under the Real Property Tax Law of the State of New York allowing localities to abate property taxes for a variety of purposes, including acquiring and constructing a new residential campus for student housing, maintaining and operating housing for persons of low income, construction of a new brewing facility, and maintaining and operating a facility to benefit the citizens of Tompkins County, New York. The taxes were originally based on the assessed value of the property and through PILOT Agreements have been reduced to an agreed upon value for the given year. If each individual agreement is met based on the conditions set, taxes will continue to be abated each year. The Town of Ithaca has not made any commitments as part of the agreements other than to reduce taxes. The Town of Ithaca is not subject to any tax abatement agreements entered by other governmental agencies. The Town of Ithaca has chosen to disclose information about its tax abatement agreements individually. There was no established quantitative threshold of the total dollar amount of taxes abated during the year. - 42 - NOTE 12 – ADOPTION OF NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARD For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 the Town adopted GASB Statement No. 75Accounting and Financial Reporting for Postemployment Benefits Other Than Pensions. The implementation of the Statement No. 75 resulted in adjustments to the beginning OPEB liability, deferred outflows, accrued liabilities, and net position, as follows: Government-Wide After As originally Adoption of presentedGASB 75 OPEB liability5,357,091$ 6,318,344$ Accrued liabilities526,110515,668 Long-term liabilities516,612 16,604 Deferred outflows of resources - OPEB- 63,423 Net position11,298,793 10,911,412 Water Fund After As originally Adoption of presentedGASB 75 OPEB liability370,663$ 437,163$ Deferred outflows of resources - OPEB- 4,388 Net position8,067,197 8,005,085 Sewer Fund After As originally Adoption of presentedGASB 75 OPEB liability245,394$ 289,446$ Deferred outflows of resources - OPEB- 2,907 Net position5,408,416 5,367,270 NOTE 13 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS Subsequent events were evaluated through October 18, 2019, which is the date the financial statements were available to be issued. - 43 - TOWN OF ITHACA SCHEDULE OF CHANGES IN TOTAL OPEB LIABILITY AND RELATED RATIOS December 31, 2018 2018 Service cost230,892$ Interest273,690 Changes of benefit terms- Differences between expected and actual experience- Changes of assumptions or other inputs403,479 Benefit payments( 70,717) Net change in total OPEB Liability837,344 Total OPEB Liability - Beginning of year7,044,952 Total OPEB Liability - End of year7,882,296$ Covered payroll over measurement period3,358,129 Total OPEB liability as a percentage of covered payroll235% Notes to schedule: Changes of Assumptions. Changes of assumptions and other inputs reflect the effects of changes in the discount rate each period. The discount rate in effect at the current measurement date is 3.44%. See independent auditor’s report. - 44 - TOWN OF ITHACA SCHEDULE OF REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES COMPARED TO BUDGET MAJOR FUNDS For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 GENERALHIGHWAY Original Original BudgetActualBudgetActual Sfwfovft; Real property taxes2,750,000$ 2,750,189$ 2,200,000$ 2,200,000$ Real property tax items58,000 58,929- 10,579 Nonproperty tax items1,468,000 1,645,2961,650,000 1,800,000 Departmental income223,100 335,952- - Intergovernmental charges99,631 101,34210,000 22,111 Interest income6,500 10,9682,500 5,493 Rental income30,350 29,151- - Licenses and permits12,500 23,488- - Fines and forfeitures280,000 219,329- - Sale of property and compensation for loss- 5,61425,000 46,216 Local sources111,000 145,956 - 19,058 State and federal sources471,650 400,30295,000 132,646 Upubm!Sfwfovft 5,726,5165,510,731 3,982,500 4,236,103 Puifs!Tpvsdft; Interfund transfers608,200 608,303- 150,000 Proceeds of obligations- - - - Appropriated fund balance793,906 - 280,998 - Upubm!Sfwfovft!boe!Puifs!Tpvsdft! 6,334,8196,912,837 4,263,498 4,386,103 Fyqfoejuvsft; General governmental support1,914,087 1,637,81378,545 75,825 Public safety92,884 71,284- - Transportation512,360 439,5623,217,170 2,591,439 Culture and recreation1,154,876 1,055,573- - Home and community services1,454,550 1,114,681- - Employee benefits1,474,125 1,292,072 563,625 518,738 Upubm!Fyqfoejuvsft 5,610,9856,602,882 3,859,340 3,186,002 Puifs!Vtft; Interfund transfers309,955 310,058404,158 554,158 Upubm!Fyqfoejuvsft!boe!Puifs!Vtft! 5,921,0436,912,837 4,263,498 3,740,160 Fydftt!pg!Sfwfovft! pwfs!Fyqfoejuvsft 413,776- - 645,943 Gvoe!Cbmbodf- beginning of year 5,221,4755,221,475 2,267,511 2,267,511 Gvoe!Cbmbodf- end of year $ 5,635,2514,427,569$ 1,986,513$ 2,913,454$ See independent auditor’s report. FIRE Original BudgetActual $ 3,250,0003,250,000$ - - - - - - - - 7,0744,000 - - - - - - - - - - 23,45620,000 3,280,5303,274,000 - - - - - 108,500 3,280,5303,382,500 1,9505,000 3,347,0563,377,500 - - - - - - - - 3,349,0063,382,500 - - 3,349,0063,382,500 ( 68,476)- 2,078,8282,078,828 $ 2,010,3521,970,328$ - 45 - TOWN OF ITHACA SCHEDULE OF THE TOWN’S PROPORTIONATE SHARE OF THE NET PENSION LIABILITY 20182017 Proportion of the net pension liability (asset) 0.012%0.011% Proportionate share of the net pension liability (asset) 390,624$ 1,036,325$ Covered-employee payroll 3,773,421$ 3,444,677$ Proportionate share of the net pension liability (asset) as a percentage of its covered-employee payroll 10.35%30.08% Plan fiduciary net position as a percentage of the total pension liability (asset)98.2%94.7% See independent auditor’s report. 20162015 0.011%0.015% $ 387,1221,834,200$ $ 3,310,6643,256,757$ 56.32%11.69% 90.7%97.9% See independent auditor’s report. - 46 - TOWN OF ITHACA SCHEDULE OF THE TOWN’S PENSION CONTRIBUTIONS 20182017 Contractually required contribution489,081$ 459,827$ Contributions in relation to the contractually required contribution 489,081 459,827 Contribution deficiency (excess) -$ -$ Covered-employee payroll 4,000,148$ 3,670,571$ Contributions as a percentage of covered-employee payroll12.23%12.53% See independent auditor’s report. 20162015 $ 548,770513,481$ 548,770513,481 $ --$ $ 3,381,9713,397,458$ 15.11%16.23% See independent auditor’s report. - 47 - TOWN OF ITHACA CAPITAL PROJECTS FUND DETAILED BALANCE SHEET December 31, 2018 ASSETS Active Projects Sand BankParkChristopher State RouteGatewayRoadLaneCircle 96B SidewalkTrailReconstr.Water MainWater Main Bttfut; Cash in savings120,820$ 72,502$ 360,866$ 37,398$ 6,395$ Due from other gov't60,765 126 - - - 72,628181,585 360,866 37,398 6,395 Upubm!Bttfut$ 72,628181,585$ 360,866$ 37,398$ 6,395$ LIABILITIES AND FUND BALANCE Mjbcjmjujft; Accruedliabilities1,136$ -$ -$ 1,445$ 1,070$ Due to other funds- - - - - Retainage- - - 8,361 - Upubm!Mjbcjmjujft - 1,136 - 9,806 1,070 Gvoe!Cbmbodf; Committed fund balance 180,449 72,628 360,866 27,592 5,325 Unassigned fund balance- - - - - Upubm!Gvoe!Cbmbodf 72,628 180,449 360,866 27,592 5,325 Upubm!Mjbcjmjujft! boe!Gvoe!Frvjuz$ 72,628181,585$ 360,866$ 37,398$ 6,395$ See independent auditor’s report. Active ProjectsClosed Projects SapsuckerTrumansburgEllis Hollow rWaterWater Wate MainTankTankTotal $ 7,9829,082$ 427,359$ -$ -$ 1,042,404$ -- - 60,891 7,9829,082 427,359 - - 1,103,295 $ 7,9829,082$ 427,359$ -$ -$ 1,103,295$ $ 2,055$ 6,226$ -$ -$ 13,287$ 1,355 -- 81,771 - - 81,771 - - - - - 8,361 2,055 1,355 87,997 - - 103,419 5,9277,727 339,362 - - 999,876 -- - - - - 5,9277,727 339,362 - - 999,876 $ 7,9829,082$ 427,359$ -$ -$ 1,103,295$ - 48 - TOWN OF ITHACA CAPITAL PROJECTS FUND DETAILED REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 Active Projects Sand BankParkChristopher State RouteGatewayRoadLaneCircle 96B SidewalkTrailReconstructionWater MainWater Main Sfwfovf; Interest earnings136$ 81$ 404$ 17$ 6$ Interfund transfers100,000 - - 493,195 367,718 State and federal grants60,765 - - - - Upubm!Sfwfovf$ 81160,901$ 404$ 493,212$ 367,724$ Fyqfoejuvsft; Design75,957$ -$ -$ -$ -$ Upubm!Fyqfoejuvsft$ - 75,957$ - $ - $ -$ *The active projects Park Lane, Christopher Circle, Sapsucker, Trumansburg, and Ellis Hollow were included on a 2018 public improvement (serial) bond of $4,150,000. Each project was associated with the water fund and thus moved via interfund tranfers to the water fund. Each project's applicable % of interfund transfer is the current year % bonded for each project less expenditures. See independent auditor’s report. Active ProjectsClosed Projects SapsuckerTrumansburgEllis HollowTotal for WaterWaterWaterall Closed MainTankTankProjectsTotal $ 99$ 147$ -$ 809$ 704,704463,852 339,215 - 2,468,684* - - - - 60,765 $ 704,713463,861$ 339,362$ -$ 2,530,258$ $ --$ - -$ 75,957$ $ - -$ -$ -$ 75,957$ - 49 - TOWN OF ITHACA INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING AND ON COMPLIANCE AND OTHER MATTERS BASED ON AN AUDIT OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERFORMED IN ACCORDANCE WITH GOVERNMENT AUDITING STANDARDS YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING AND ON COMPLIANCE AND OTHER MATTERS BASED ON AN AUDIT OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERFORMED IN ACCORDANCE WITH GOVERNMENT AUDITING STANDARDS Supervisor and Town Board Town of Ithaca Ithaca, New York 14850 We have audited, in accordance with the auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America and the standards applicable to financial audits contained in Government Auditing Standards issued by the Comptroller General of the United States, the financial statements of the governmental activities, the business-type activities, each major fund, and the aggregate remaining fund information of the Town of Ithaca, as of and for the year ended December 31, 2018, and the related notes to the financial statements, which collectively comprise the Town’s basic financial statements, and have issued our report thereon dated October 18, 2019. Internal Control over Financial Reporting In planning and performing our audit of the financial statements, we considered the Town of Ithaca’s internal control over financial reporting to determine the audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances for the purpose of expressing our opinions on the financial statements, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Town of Ithaca's internal control. Accordingly, we do not express an opinion on the effectiveness of the Town of Ithaca’s internal control. Adeficiency in internal control exists when the design or operation of a control does not allow management or employees, in the normal course of performing their assigned functions, to prevent, or detect and correct misstatements on a timely basis. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Town’s financial statements will not be prevented or detected and corrected on a timely basis. A significant deficiency is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control that is less severe than a material weakness, yet important enough to merit attention by those charged with governance. Our consideration of internal control was for the limited purpose described in the first paragraph of this section and was not designed to identify all deficiencies in internal control that might be material weaknesses or significant deficiencies. Given these limitations, during our audit we did not identify any deficiencies in internal control that we consider to be material weaknesses. However, material weaknesses may exist that have not been identified. 521!Fbtu!Vqmboe!Spbe Juibdb-!Ofx!Zpsl!!25961 xxx/txdmmq/dpn 718.383.6661!0!718.384.7468!)Gby* Compliance and Other Matters As part of obtaining reasonable assurance about whether the Town of Ithaca’s financial statements are free of material misstatement, we performed tests of its compliance with certain provisions of laws, regulations, contracts, and grant agreements, noncompliance with which could have a direct and material effect on the determination of financial statement amounts. However, providing an opinion on compliance with those provisions was not an objective of our audit, and accordingly, we do not express such an opinion. The results of our tests disclosed no instances of noncompliance or other matters that are required to be reported under Government Auditing Standards. Purpose of this Report The purpose of this report is solely to describe the scope of our testing of internal control and compliance and the results of that testing, and not to provide an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control or on compliance. This report is an integral part of an audit performed in accordance with Government Auditing Standards in considering the Town's internal control and compliance. Accordingly, this communication is not suitable for any other purpose. Sciarabba Walker & Co., LLP Ithaca, New York October 18, 2019 -52 -