HomeMy WebLinkAboutBolton_Water_2021 Drinking Water Quality ReportBolton Point is providing this
Drinking Water Quality Report
to our consumers because we
want you to be fully informed
about your water’s quality and
the need to protect its source.
This overview of last year’s
water quality includes details
about where your water comes
from, what it contains, and how
it compares to State standards.
If you have any questions about
this report or your drinking
water, please contact Glenn
Ratajczak, Production Manager,
277-0660, ext. 241, gratajczak@
boltonpoint.org, or you may at-
tend any of our regularly sched-
uled public meetings.
LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION OF WATER SERVICE
Cayuga Lake is the source of water
for the BP-MWS. The water intake is
approximately 3 miles north of Stewart
Park, 400 feet out from the eastern
shore of Cayuga Lake, and 65 feet
below the surface of the lake. During
2020, the Bolton Point system did not
experience any restriction of its water
source.
The system serves residents of the
Towns of Dryden, Ithaca and Lansing,
and the Villages of Cayuga Heights
and Lansing, and provides water to
some City of Ithaca customers on
Oakwood Lane, Hector Street, War-
ren Place, Sunrise Road, and Richards
Place. It provides water to other parts
of the City of Ithaca and Cornell during
emergencies and planned maintenance
periods.
Meetings of the Bolton Point Wa-
ter Commission are held on the first
Thursday after the first Tuesday of
each month at 4:00 p.m. at the Bolton
Point water treatment plant, 1402 East
Shore Drive, Ithaca New York, 14850.TABLE OF CONTENTS
A. Water Treatment Processes
B. Health Effects and Individuals
At-Risk
C. Water Quality Data
D. General Water Information
(Tables 1&2)
E. Detected Contaminants (Table 3)
F. Non-detected Contaminants
(Table 4)
G. Major Modifications Completed
H. Future Projects and Capital
Improvements
I. Security Concerns
J. Source Water Protection
K. Water Conservation Measures
COMMON WATER QUALITY DEFINITIONS
ALKALINITY is a measure of the
capability of water to neutralize acids.
Bicarbonates, carbonates, and hydrox-
ides are the most common forms of
alkalinity.
HARDNESS is a measure of the
calcium and magnesium content of
natural waters. The harder the water,
the greater the tendency to precipitate
soap and to form mineral deposits.
Alkalinity and hardness occur naturally
due to the contact of water with min-
erals in the earth’s crust.
pH indicates how acidic or alkaline a
water sample is. A value of 7 is neutral,
0-6 is acidic and 8-14 is alkaline.
TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON (TOC) is
a measure of the organic content of
water. A high concentration of TOC in
water may lead to high levels of disin-
fection byproducts.
TURBIDITY is a measure of the cloudi-
ness of water. It is an indication of
the effectiveness of water treatment.
NYS regulations require that treated
water turbidity always be below 1
NTU (nephelometric turbidity unit). For
filtered systems 95% of the composite
effluent samples must be below 0.3
NTU.
DRINKING WATER QUALITY REPORT2021
Bolton Point Municipal Water System
"
Bolton Point Intake
TOWN OF LANSING
VILLAGE OF LANSING
TOWN OFDRYDEN
VILLAGE OF CAYUGAHEIGHTS
TOWN OF ITHACA
Bolton Point uses the following con-
ventional surface water treatment.
PRE-TREATMENT: Coagulating agents
such as alum or polymers are added
to the water to remove impurities and
control taste and odor. A disinfectant is
added to destroy microorganisms.
MIXING: The water is rapidly mixed
to distribute the treatment chemicals
evenly.
COAGULATION AND FLOCCULA-
TION: The water flows into large
basins where the coagulants react with
impurities in the water (coagulation)
causing them to form larger, heavier
particles called floc (flocculation).
SEDIMENTATION: Flocculated water
flows into basins where the floc
particles settle to the bottom, thereby
removing impurities and chemicals
from the water.
FILTRATION: Following the settling
process, water flows through layers of
anthracite coal, sand, and garnet where
further removal of particulate impuri-
ties occurs.
POST-TREATMENT: Chlorine is added
to inhibit bacterial growth in the distri-
bution system, and the pH is adjusted
to inhibit the corrosion of metal pipes
and fixtures.
C.WATER QUALITY DATA
INTRODUCTION: The sources of
drinking water (tap water and bottled
water) include rivers, lakes, streams,
ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells.
As water travels over the surface of
the land or through the ground, it dis-
solves naturally occurring minerals and,
in some cases, radioactive material. It
also can pick up substances resulting
from the presence of animals or from
human activities. Contaminants that
may be present in source water include
microbial contaminants, inorganic con-
taminants, pesticides and herbicides,
organic chemical contaminants, and
radioactive contaminants.
To ensure that tap water is safe to
drink, the State and the EPA prescribe
regulations that limit the amount of
certain contaminants in water pro-
vided by public water systems. State
Health Department and Federal Drug
Administration regulations also estab-
lish limits for contaminants in bottled
water, which must provide the same
protection for public health.
In accordance with State regulations,
Bolton Point routinely monitors your
drinking water for numerous contami-
nants. Table 3 shows the analytical test
results for contaminants that were
detected. These results are compared
to the applicable State guideline or
maximum contaminate level (MCL).
Table 4 shows the contaminants that
were not detected in your water.
The State allows testing less frequently
than once per year for some contami-
nants since the concentrations of these
contaminants do not change fre-
quently. Therefore some data, though
representative, are more than one year
old.
TOTAL COLIFORMS: Coliforms are
bacteria that are naturally present in
the environment and are used as an
indicator that other, potentially harm-
ful, bacteria may be present.
All drinking water, including bottled
water, may reasonably be expected to
contain at least small amounts of some
contaminants. The presence of con-
taminants does not necessarily indicate
the water poses a health risk.
Some people may be more vulnerable
to disease causing microorganisms
or pathogens in drinking water than
the general population. Immuno-
compromised persons such as those
with cancer undergoing chemotherapy,
those who have undergone organ
transplants, those with HIV/AIDS or
other immune system disorders, some
elderly, and some infants can be par-
ticularly at risk from infections. These
people should seek advice from their
health care provider about their drink-
ing water.
Environmental Protection Agency/
Center for Disease Control (EPA/
CDC) guidelines on appropriate means
to lessen the risk of infection by
cryptosporidium, giardia, and other
microbial pathogens are available
from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline
(800-426-4791). No trace of either of
these pathogens has been detected in
previous testing of the treated water
of Bolton Point. Individuals who think
they may have one of these illnesses
should contact their health care
provider immediately. For additional in-
formation please contact the Tompkins
County Health Department, 55 Brown
Road, Ithaca, New York 14850 or by
phone at 274-6688.
B.HEALTH EFFECTS AND
INDIVIDUALS AT-RISK
PAGE 2 | DRINKING WATER QUALITY REPORT 2021
A. WATER TREATMENT
PROCESS
LEAD AND COPPER: Bolton Point
was required to sample for lead in
2020. There were no violations of
State standards.
SODIUM: People who are on severely
restricted sodium diets should not
drink water containing more than 20
mg/L of sodium. Since the 2020 level
of sodium in Bolton Point was 35
mg/L, customers on severely restricted
sodium diets might wish to consult
their health care providers. People
who are on moderately restricted
sodium diets should not drink water
containing more than 270 mg/L of
sodium. The sodium levels of the water
from Bolton Point are well below this
level.
During the course of the year, for
maintenance purposes or for emer-
gency help, potable water is exchanged
among the three local water systems.
If you wish to know if this occurred,
the time periods, and the water vol-
umes, please call your water supplier.
Required testing by the EPA for the
Unregulated Contaminant Monitor-
ing Rule #4 (UCMR4) was completed
by Bolton Point in 2020. Information
about the rule and the contaminants
can be found on EPA website (epa.gov).
The results of detected contaminants
of UCMR4 can be found in Table 3. For
more information on UCMR4 testing
contact Glenn Ratajczak at 277-0660
ext 241.
HYDRILLA TREATMENT INFORMA-
TION: Cayuga Lake was treated in
2020 with herbicides after the invasive
species Hydrilla was located in Cayuga
Inlet in 2011. All monitoring results for
sampling related to the Hydrilla Eradi-
cation Program can be found at www.
StopHydrilla.org.
D. GENERAL WATER
INFORMATION
WATER SYSTEM
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY ID #
BP-MWS
5404423
Water Source Cayuga Lake
Approximate population served 30,000
Number of service connections 7175
Total production (MG1)910.2
Average daily withdrawal (MGD2)2.597
Average daily delivered (MGD)2.487
Average daily lost (MGD) 0.110
Annual charge per 1000 gal.$8.653
ANALYTE UNITS BP-MWS
ANNUAL AVERAGE
pH (EP1)8.3
Turbidity (EP)NTU 0.040
Total Hardness mg/L 148.0
Total Alkalinity mg/L 107
Chlorine Residual (EP)mg/L 1.53
Chlorine Residual (POU2)mg/L 0.53
Turbidity (POU)NTU 0.09
Total Organic Carbon (EP)mg/L 1.7
Dissolved Organic Carbon (EP)mg/L 1.7
Table 2: General Water Quality Data - 2020
Table 1: General Water Data – 2020
1MG = million gallons
2MGD = million gallons per day
3Average of the rates charged by the five member municipalities of the
BP-MWS.
1EP = Entry Point
2POU = Point of Use
Definitions of NTU and mg/L found with Table 3
DRINKING WATER QUALITY REPORT 2021| PAGE 3
E. DETECTED
CONTAMINANTS
Table 3: Detected Contaminants
Contaminant Units Violation
Y/N
Date of
Sample
Maximum
Level
Detected
(Range)
Regulatory Limit MCLG Likely Source of Contamination
Microbiological contaminants
Turbidity (EP)NTU No 3/2/20 0.065 TT=<1 NTU N/A Soil runoff.
Turbidity (POU)NTU No 6/20 0.120 MCL>5NTU N/A Soil runoff.
Turbidity samples %
below
MCL
No Daily 100%TT=95% of samples
<0.3NTU
N/A Soil runoff.
Total Organic Carbon mg/L No Quarterly 2.2 (1.5-2.2)TT N/A Naturally present in the environment
Disinfection By-Products
Total THMs
Site 1
Site 2
Site 3
Site 4
Site 5
ug/L No Quarterly
80 (66-87)¹
75 (47-88)1
62 (42-70)1
53 (42-53)1
69 (53-68)1
MCL = 80 Running
Annual Average
N/A By-product of drinking water chlorination.
Total HAA5
Site 1
Site 2
Site 3
Site 4
Site 5
ug/L No Quarterly
14 (7.7-26)1
19 (4.8-31)1
20 (11-29)1
19 (10-25)1
23 (12-29)1
MCL = 60 Running
Annual Average
N/A By-product of drinking water chlorination.
Chlorine Residual mg/L No 2020 1.36 (0.00-
1.36)
MRDL=4 N/A Water additive used to control microbes.
Chlorite mg/L No 2020 0.202 (0.086-
0.269)2
MCL = 1.0 0.8 By-product of drinking water chlorination.
Inorganics
Barium mg/L No 9/9/20 0.025 MCL=2 2 Drilling wastes; erosion of natural deposits.
Copper mg/L No 2020 0.053 (0.004-
0.240)
AL=1.3 1.3 Household plumbing corrosion; erosion of
natural deposits; wood preservatives.
Fluoride mg/L No 2020 0.12 MCL=2.2 N/A Erosion of natural deposits.
Lead ug/L No 2020 2.4 (ND-5.4)AL=15 0 Household plumbing corrosion; erosion of
natural deposits.
Nickel mg/L No 9/9/20 0.0013 N/A N/A Erosion of natural deposits.
Nitrate mg/L No 9/9/20 1.1 MCL=10 10 Fertilizer runoff; septic tank leaching; sewage;
erosion of natural deposits.
Sodium mg/L No 9/9/20 35 See Water Quality,
Section C
N/A Naturally occurring; road salt; animal waste;
water softeners; water treatment chemicals.
Radioactive
Radium-228 pCi/L No 10/5/17 0.929 MCL=5 0 Erosion of natural deposits.
PAGE 4 | DRINKING WATER QUALITY REPORT 2021
Notes and Definitions for Table 3:
AL (action level): The concentration
of a contaminant that, if exceeded,
triggers additional treatment or other
requirements that a water system must
follow.
HAA5 (haloacetic acids): These are a
group of chemicals that are formed
when chlorine or other disinfectants
used to control microbial contaminants
in drinking water react with naturally
occurring organic and inorganic mat-
ter in water. The regulated haloacetic
acids, known as HAA5, are monochlo-
roacetic, dichloroacetic, trichloroacetic,
monobromoacetic, and dibromoacetic
acids. The maximum level detected of
HAA5 is the highest of the four quar-
terly running annual averages calcu-
lated during the year and is the basis of
the MCL for these compounds.
1See “maximum level detected” below. Range of site in parentheses.
2Chlorite is the average of 3 distribution samples taken monthly. Range of all samples in parentheses.
3Source water.
4Average of quarterly samples at 5 sites. Range of sites in parenthesis.
Contaminant Units Violation
Y/N
Date of
Sample
Maximum
Level
Detected
(Range)
Regulatory Limit MCLG Likely Source of Contamination
Unregulated Contaminants (UCMR4)
Bromide3 ug/L No 2019-
2020
46.9 (44.9-
50.6)
Unregulated N/A
HAA5 ug/L No 2019-
2020
25.7 (2.2-64.4)4 Unregulated N/A By-product of drinking water chlorination.
HAA6Br ug/L No 2019-
2020
15.0 (3.5-31.4)4 Unregulated N/A By-product of drinking water chlorination.
HAA9 ug/L No 2019-
2020
39.1 (6.4-91.1)4 Unregulated N/A By-product of drinking water chlorination.
Manganese ug/L No 2019-
2020
2.03 (0.48-
3.44)
Unregulated N/A Naturally occurring; Indicative of landfill con-
tamination.
Total Organic Carbon3 mg/L No 2019-
2020
2.1 (1.9-2.3)Unregulated N/A Naturally present in the environment.
Lead and Copper: The maximum level
values reported for lead and copper
represent the 90th percentile of the
samples taken. Testing for these metals
is only required every three years.
Maximum Level Detected: The highest
measurement detected for the contam-
inant during the year. For total THMs
and HAA5 the maximum level detected
is the highest of the four quarterly run-
ning annual averages during the year.
MCL (maximum contaminant level):
The highest level of a contaminant that
is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are
set as close to the MCLGs as feasible.
MCLG (maximum contaminant level
goal): The level of a contaminant in
drinking water below which there is
no known or expected risk to health.
MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.
mg/L (milligrams per liter): Corre-
sponds to one part in one million parts
of liquid (parts per million, ppm).
MRDL (maximum residual disinfection
level): The highest level of a disinfec-
tant allowed in drinking water. There
is convincing evidence that addition of
a disinfectant is necessary to control
microbial contaminants.
MRDLG (maximum residual disinfec-
tant level goal): The level of a drinking
water disinfectant below which there
is no known or expected risk to health.
MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits
of the use of disinfectants to control
microbial contamination.
N/A (not applicable).
ND (not detected): Laboratory analysis
indicates that the constituent is not
present.
DRINKING WATER QUALITY REPORT 2021| PAGE 5
F. NON-DETECTED
CONTAMINANTS
Table 4: Non-Detected
Contaminants
Contaminant Sample
Year
Microbiological 2020
E. Coli X
Total Coliform X
Inorganics 2020
Antimony X
Arsenic X
Beryllium X
Cadmium X
Chromium X
Cyanide, total X
Mercury X
Selenium X
Thallium X
Synthetic Organics & Pesticides 2020
Alachlor X
Aldicarb X
Aldicarb sulfone X
Aldicarb sulfoxide X
Atrazine X
Carbofuran X
Chlordane, total X
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane X
1,2-Dibromoethane X
2,4-D X
Endrin X
Heptachlor X
Heptachlor epoxide X
Lindane X
Methoxychlor X
PCB - aroclor 1016 X
PCB - aroclor 1221 X
PCB - aroclor 1232 X
PCB - aroclor 1242 X
PCB - aroclor 1248 X
PCB - aroclor 1254 X
PCB - aroclor 1260 X
Pentachlorophenol X
Toxaphene X
2,4,5-TP (Silvex)X
Aldrin X
Benzo(a)pyrene X
Butachlor X
Carbaryl X
Dalapon X
bis (2-Ethylhexyl) adipate X
bis (2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate X
Dicamba X
Dieldrin X
Dinoseb X
Hexachlorobenzene X
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene X
3-Hydroxycarbofuran X
Methomyl X
Metolachlor X
Metribuzin X
Oxamyl (Vydate)X
Picloram X
Simazine X
Contaminant Sample
Year
Principal Organics, Vinyl Chloride, and
MTBE 2020
Benzene X
Bromobenzene X
Bromochloromethane X
Bromomethane X
n-Butylbenzene X
sec-Butylbenzene X
tert-Butylbenzene X
Carbon tetrachloride X
Chlorobenzene X
Chloroethane X
Chloromethane X
2-Chlorotoluene X
4-Chlorotoluene X
Dibromomethane X
1,2-Dichlorobenzene X
1,3-Dichlorobenzene X
1,4-Dichlorobenzene X
Dichlorodifluoromethane X
1,1-Dichloroethane X
1,2-Dichloroethane X
1,1-Dichloroethene X
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene X
trans-1,2-Dichloroethene X
1,2-Dichloropropane X
1,3-Dichloropropane X
2,2-Dichloropropane X
1,1-Dichloropropene X
cis-1,3-Dichloropropene X
trans-1,3-Dichloropropene X
Ethylbenzene X
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene X
Isopropylbenzene X
4-Isopropyltoluene X
Methylene chloride X
n-Propylbenzene X
Styrene X
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane X
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane X
Tetrachloroethene X
Toluene X
1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene X
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene X
1,1,1-Trichloroethane X
1,1,2-Trichloroethane X
Trichloroethene X
Trichlorofluoromethane X
1,2,3-Trichloropropane X
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene X
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene X
m-Xylene X
o-Xylene X
p-Xylene X
Vinyl chloride X
MTBE X
Radiological 2017
Gross Alpha X
Radium-226 X
1,4-Dioxane/PFAS 2020
1,4-Dioxane X
Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA)X
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)X
X = Monitored, but not detected
NTU (nephelometric turbidity unit): A
measure of the clarity of water. Turbid-
ity of approximately 5 NTU is barely
noticeable by the average person.
pCi/L (picocuries per liter): A measure
of radioactivity in water.
Range: The range of lowest to highest
measurements detected for contami-
nants measured during the year.
THM (trihalomethanes): These are a
group of chemicals that are formed
when chlorine or other disinfectants
used to control microbial contaminants
in drinking water react with naturally
occurring organic and inorganic matter
in water. The regulated trihalometh-
anes are bromodichloromethane,
bromoform, chloroform, and dibro-
mochloromethane. These compounds
result from the disinfection of water
with chlorine. The maximum level
detected of THMs is the highest of the
four quarterly running annual averages
calculated during the year and is the
basis of the MCL for these compounds.
TT (treatment technique): A required
process intended to reduce the level of
a contaminant in drinking water.
ug/L (micrograms per liter): Corre-
sponds to one part in one billion parts
of liquid (parts per billion, ppb).
PAGE 6 | DRINKING WATER QUALITY REPORT 2021
G. MAJOR MODIFICATIONS
COMPLETED IN 2020
Water Main Projects
• Winston and Salem Drives 4500’
water main replacement. (Town of
Ithaca)
• Catherwood Rd. 800’ water main
replacement. (Village of Lansing)
• Ludlowville bridge crossing 200’
water main replacement. (Town of
Lansing)
System Improvements
• Oakcrest Booster Pump Station
electrical upgrades. (Bolton Point)
• Oakcrest Booster Pump Station
pump #3 replacement. (Bolton
Point)
• Oakcrest Booster Pump Station
roof replacement. (Bolton Point)
Treatment Plant (Bolton Point)
• Media replacement and filter box
refurbishment for rapid sand filter
#1.
H.FUTURE PROJECTS AND
CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS
(Planned for 2021)
Water Main Projects
• Six Mile Creek crossing 200’ trans-
mission main installation. (Bolton
Point)
• Cascadilla Creek crossing 220’
transmission main installation.
(Bolton Point)
• Peruville Road 2,300’ water main
extension. (Town of Lansing)
System Improvements
• Installation of an emergency
generator at the Oakcrest Booster
Pump Station. (Bolton Point)
• Replacement of pump soft starters
at various pump stations. (Town of
Ithaca)
Treatment Plant (Bolton Point)
• Media replacement and filter box
refurbishment for rapid sand filters
#1 and #3.
K.WATER CONSERVATION
MEASURES
You can play a role in conserving water
by becoming conscious of the amount
of water your household is using and
by looking for ways to use less when-
ever you can. It is not hard to conserve
water. The following are some ideas
that you can apply directly in your own
home.
Use your water meter to detect hidden
leaks. Turn off all taps and water us-
ing appliances, then record the meter
reading and check the meter after 15
minutes. If it registers, you have a leak.
Restaurants in the U.S. serve approxi-
mately 70 million meals a day. Every
glass of water brought to your table
requires another two glasses of water
to wash and rinse the glass.
Water your lawn only when it needs it.
If you step on the grass and it springs
back up when you move, it doesn’t
need water. If it stays flat, it does.
Put 10 drops of food coloring in your
toilet tank. If the color shows up in
the bowl without flushing, you have a
leak to repair. It is common to lose up
to 100 gallons a day from a toilet leak.
Fix it, and you save more than 30,000
gallons a year.
Do not hose down your driveway or
sidewalk. Use a broom to clean leaves
and other debris from these areas.
Using a hose to clean a driveway can
waste hundreds of gallons of water.
If every American home installed low-
flow faucet aerators, the United States
would save 250 million gallons of
water a day.
Fix leaks as soon as they are found.
A dripping faucet with a 1/16 inch
stream wastes 100 gallons of water per
day.
Saving water can lower your power
bills by reducing your demand for hot
or pumped water. These few simple
steps will preserve the resource for
future generations and also save up to
30% on your bill.
I.SECURITY CONCERNS
Generally, security threats to our water
system have consisted of primarily
minor vandalism and property damage.
However, our security efforts focus to
a high degree on the much less likely,
but more serious, threat of intentional
contamination of the water supply. We
have performed security assessments
of our entire system and updated our
Emergency Response Plans to cover
the possibility of terrorism. Weak-
nesses in procedures have been cor-
rected and improvements to increase
the security of the infrastructure have
been undertaken. Local police are
aware of the security needs of the
water systems and have maintained
increased patrolling of the facilities.
Your awareness and reporting of suspi-
cious activity throughout the system
is appreciated. The Bolton Point Water
Supply Emergency Plan was updated
and approved by the NYSDoH in 2018.
J.SOURCE WATER
PROTECTION
The New York State Health Depart-
ment is in the process of developing a
Source Water Assessment Report for
every surface drinking water source
in the state. When the report for our
source is completed, we will review it
and provide a summary. If this report
becomes available in 2021, a summary
will be posted on our website and
provided in next year’s Annual Drinking
Water Quality Report.
DRINKING WATER QUALITY REPORT 2021| PAGE 7
HIGH QUALITY DRINKING WATER FOR TOMPKINS COUNTY RESIDENTS
CURRENT RESIDENT
Water Trivia
Resources
• There are over 58,900 community water systems in the United States processing more than 34 bil-
lion gallons per day.
• The average residence in the United States uses 107,000 gallons of water a year.
• It takes 62,600 gallons of water to produce one ton of steel.
• Eighty percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water, but only one percent of the earth’s water
is suitable for drinking.
• It takes 101 gallons of water to make one pound of wool or cotton.
• Water acts as a natural buffer against extreme or rapid changes in the earth’s temperature.
• It would take 219 million gallons of water to cover one square mile with one foot of water.
• One gallon of water weighs 8.34 pounds.
• When the weather is very cold outside, let the cold water drip from the faucet served by exposed
pipes. Running water through the pipe - even at a trickle - helps prevent pipes from freezing.
Web sites with more water information and activities for children:
• www.epa.gov/ground-water-and-drinking-water
• www.epa.gov/ground-water-and-drinking-water/drinking-water-activities-students-and-teachers