Loading...
The URL can be used to link to this page
Your browser does not support the video tag.
Home
My WebLink
About
Technical-Description-Data.pdf
GE Energy Technical Documentation Wind Turbine Generator Systems 1.6-100 - 50 Hz / 60 Hz 1.7-100 - 50 Hz / 60 Hz Technical Description and Data imagination at work © 2012 General Electric Energy. All rights reserved. GE Energy imagination at work 1.6_1.7-100_xxHz_GD_allComp_ContrDoc.ENxxx.02 Gepower.com Visit us at www.gewindenergy.com All technical data is subject to change in line with ongoing technical development! Copyright and patent rights This document is to be treated confidentially. It may only be made accessible to authorized persons. It may only be made available to third parties with the expressed written consent of General Electric Energy. All documents are copyrighted within the meaning of the Copyright Act. The transmission and reproduction of the documents, also in extracts, as well as the exploitation and communication of the contents are not allowed without express written consent. Contraventions are liable to prosecution and compensation for damage. We reserve all rights for the exercise of commercial patent rights. © 2012 General Electric Energy. All rights reserved. GE Energy Technical Description and Data CONFIDENTIAL - Proprietary Information. DO NOT COPY without written consent from General Electric Energy. UNCONTROLLED when printed or transmitted electronically. © 2012 General Electric Energy. All rights reserved 1.6_1.7-100_xxHz_GD_allComp_ContrDoc.ENxxx.02 Table of Contents 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5 2 Technical Description of the Wind Turbine and Major Components ........................................................................................... 5 2.1 Rotor ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Blades ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.3 Blade Pitch Control System ...................................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.4 Hub ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.5 Gearbox ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.6 Bearings .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6 2.7 Brake System .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.8 Generator ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.9 Flexible Coupling ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 7 2.10 Yaw System ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.11 Tower .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.12 Nacelle ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 2.13 Anemometer, Wind Vane and Lightning Rod ................................................................................................................................. 8 2.14 Lightning Protection ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.15 Wind Turbine Control System.................................................................................................................................................................. 8 2.16 Power Converter ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 3 Technical Data for the 1.6-100/1.7-100 ....................................................................................................................................................... 9 3.1 Rotor ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 3.2 Pitch System ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 3.3 Yaw System ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 3.4 Corrosion Protection .................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 4 Operational Limits ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 10 GE Energy Technical Description and Data 1 Introduction This document summarizes the technical description and specifications of the GE Energy (GE) 1.6-100 & 1.7-100 wind turbine generator system. 2 Technical Description of the Wind Turbine and Major Components The wind turbine is a three bladed, upwind, horizontal-axis wind turbine with a rotor diameter of 100 m. The turbine rotor and nacelle are mounted on top of a tubular tower giving a hub height of 80 or 96 m. The machine employs active yaw control (designed to steer the machine with respect to the wind direction), active blade pitch control (designed to regulate turbine rotor speed), and a generator/power electronic converter system. The wind turbine features a distributed drive train design wherein the major drive train components including main shaft bearings, gearbox, generator, yaw drives, and control panel are attached to a bedplate (see Figure 1). The 1.x-100 series has two major nameplates: 1.6 and 1.7, encompassing GE’s evolution of 1.x product variants. Over the course of the 1.x-100 series turbine development, improvements in turbine controls and electrical conversion systems have enabled a range of power outputs. The maximum rated kW output per turbine variant is listed in table in section 3. Figure 1: GE Energy 1.6-100/1.7-100 wind turbine nacelle layout 2.1 Rotor The rotor diameter is 100 m, resulting in a swept area of 7,854 m, and is designed to operate between 9.75 & 16.7 rpm (for 1.6-100) and 9.75 & 17.5 rpm (for 1.7-100). Rotor speed is regulated by a combination of blade pitch angle adjustment and generator/converter torque control. The rotor spins in a clock-wise direction under normal operating conditions when viewed from an upwind location. CONFIDENTIAL - Proprietary Information. DO NOT COPY without written consent from General Electric Energy. UNCONTROLLED when printed or transmitted electronically. © 2012 General Electric Energy. All rights reserved 1.6_1.7-100_xxHz_GD_allComp_ContrDoc.ENxxx.02 5/10 GE Energy Technical Description and Data CONFIDENTIAL - Proprietary Information. DO NOT COPY without written consent from General Electric Energy. UNCONTROLLED when printed or transmitted electronically. © 2012 General Electric Energy. All rights reserved 6/10 1.6_1.7-100_xxHz_GD_allComp_ContrDoc.ENxxx.02 Full blade pitch angle range is approximately 90°, with the 0°-position being with the airfoil chord line flat to the prevailing wind. The blades being pitched to a full feather pitch angle of approximately 90° accomplishes aerodynamic braking of the rotor; whereby the blades “spill” the wind thus limiting rotor speed. 2.2 Blades There are three rotor blades used on each wind turbine. The airfoils transition along the blade span with the thicker airfoils being located in-board towards the blade root (hub) and gradually tapering to thinner cross sections out towards the blade tip. 2.3 Blade Pitch Control System The rotor utilizes three (one for each blade) independent electric pitch motors and controllers to provide adjustment of the blade pitch angle during operation. Blade pitch angle is adjusted by an electric drive that is mounted inside the rotor hub and is coupled to a ring gear mounted to the inner race of the blade pitch bearing (see Figure 1). GE’s active-pitch controller enables the wind turbine rotor to regulate speed, when above rated wind speed, by allowing the blade to “spill” excess aerodynamic lift. Energy from wind gusts below rated wind speed is captured by allowing the rotor to speed up, transforming this gust energy into kinetic which may then be extracted from the rotor. Three independent back-up units are provided to power each individual blade pitch system to feather the blades and shut down the machine in the event of a grid line outage or other fault. By having all three blades outfitted with independent pitch systems, redundancy of individual blade aerodynamic braking capability is provided. 2.4 Hub The hub is used to connect the three rotor blades to the turbine main shaft. The hub also houses the three electric blade pitch systems and is mounted directly to the main shaft. Access to the inside of the hub is provided through a hatch. 2.5 Gearbox The gearbox in the wind turbine is designed to transmit power between the low-rpm turbine rotor and high- rpm electric generator. The gearbox is a multi-stage planetary/helical gear design. The gearbox is mounted to the machine bedplate. The gearing is designed to transfer torsional power from the wind turbine rotor to the electric generator. A parking brake is mounted on the high-speed shaft of the gearbox. 2.6 Bearings The blade pitch bearing is designed to allow the blade to pitch about a span-wise pitch axis. The inner race of the blade pitch bearing is outfitted with a blade drive gear that enables the blade to be driven in pitch by an electric gear-driven motor/controller. The main shaft bearing is a roller bearing mounted in a pillow-block housing arrangement. GE Energy Technical Description and Data CONFIDENTIAL - Proprietary Information. DO NOT COPY without written consent from General Electric Energy. UNCONTROLLED when printed or transmitted electronically. © 2012 General Electric Energy. All rights reserved 1.6_1.7-100_xxHz_GD_allComp_ContrDoc.ENxxx.02 7/10 The bearings used inside the gearbox are of the cylindrical, spherical and tapered roller type. These bearings are designed to provide bearing and alignment of the internal gearing shafts and accommodate radial and axial loads. 2.7 Brake System The electrically actuated individual blade pitch systems act as the main braking system for the wind turbine. Braking under normal operating conditions is accomplished by feathering the blades out of the wind. Any single feathered rotor blade is designed to slow the rotor, and each rotor blade has its own back-up to provide power to the electric drive in the event of a grid line loss. The turbine is also equipped with a mechanical brake located at the output (high-speed) shaft of the gearbox. This brake is only applied as an auxiliary brake to the main aerodynamic brake and to prevent rotation of the machinery as required by certain service activities. 2.8 Generator The generator is a doubly-fed induction type. The generator meets protection class requirements of the International Standard IP 54 (totally enclosed). The generator is mounted to the bedplate and the mounting is designed so as to reduce vibration and noise transfer to the bedplate. 2.9 Flexible Coupling Designed to protect the drive train from excessive torque loads, a flexible coupling is provided between the generator and gearbox output shaft. This coupling is equipped with a torque-limiting device sized to keep the maximum allowable torque below the maximum design limit of the drive train. 2.10 Yaw System A roller bearing attached between the nacelle and tower facilitates yaw motion. Planetary yaw drives (with brakes that engage when the drive is disabled) mesh with the outside gear of the yaw bearing and steer the machine to track the wind in yaw. The automatic yaw brakes engage in order to prevent the yaw drives from seeing peak loads from any turbulent wind. The controller activates the yaw drives to align the nacelle to the average wind direction based on the wind vane sensor mounted on top of the nacelle. A cable twist sensor provides a record of nacelle yaw position and cable twisting. After the sensor detects excessive rotation in one direction, the controller automatically brings the rotor to a complete stop, untwists the cable by counter yawing of the nacelle, and restarts the wind turbine. 2.11 Tower The wind turbine is mounted on top of a tubular tower. The tubular tower is manufactured in sections from steel plate. Access to the turbine is through a lockable steel door at the base of the tower. Service platforms are provided. Access to the nacelle is provided by a ladder and a fall arresting safety system is included. Interior lights are installed at critical points from the base of the tower to the tower top. GE Energy Technical Description and Data CONFIDENTIAL - Proprietary Information. DO NOT COPY without written consent from General Electric Energy. UNCONTROLLED when printed or transmitted electronically. © 2012 General Electric Energy. All rights reserved 8/10 1.6_1.7-100_xxHz_GD_allComp_ContrDoc.ENxxx.02 2.12 Nacelle The nacelle houses the main components of the wind turbine generator. Access from the tower into the nacelle is through the bottom of the nacelle. The nacelle is ventilated. It is illuminated with electric light. A hatch at the front end of the nacelle provides access to the blades and hub. The rotor can be secured in place with a rotor lock. 2.13 Anemometer, Wind Vane and Lightning Rod An anemometer, wind vane and lightning rod are mounted on top of the nacelle housing. Access to these sensors is accomplished through a hatch in the nacelle roof. 2.14 Lightning Protection The rotor blades are equipped with a lightning receptors mounted in the blade. The turbine is grounded and shielded to protect against lightning, however, lightning is an unpredictable force of nature, and it is possible that a lightning strike could damage various components notwithstanding the lightning protection deployed in the machine. 2.15 Wind Turbine Control System The wind turbine machine can be controlled automatically or manually from either an interface located inside the nacelle or from a control box at the bottom of the tower. Control signals can also be sent from a remote computer via a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA), with local lockout capability provided at the turbine controller. Service switches at the tower top prevent service personnel at the bottom of the tower from operating certain systems of the turbine while service personnel are in the nacelle. To override any machine operation, Emergency-stop buttons located in the tower base and in the nacelle can be activated to stop the turbine in the event of an emergency. 2.16 Power Converter The wind turbine uses a power converter system that consists of a converter on the rotor side, a DC intermediate circuit, and a power inverter on the grid side. The converter system consists of a power module and the associated electrical equipment. Variable output frequency of the converter allows operation of the generator. GE Energy Technical Description and Data CONFIDENTIAL - Proprietary Information. DO NOT COPY without written consent from General Electric Energy. UNCONTROLLED when printed or transmitted electronically. © 2012 General Electric Energy. All rights reserved 1.6_1.7-100_xxHz_GD_allComp_ContrDoc.ENxxx.02 9/10 3 Technical Data for the 1.6-100/1.7-100 3.1 Rotor 1.6-100 1.7-100 Maximum power output 1620 kW 1700 kW Diameter 100 m Number of blades 3 Swept area 7,854 m2 Rotor speed range 9.75 to 16.7 rpm 9.75 to 17.5 rpm Rotational direction Clockwise looking downwind Tip speed @ rated power 80.3 m/s 84.2 m/s Orientation Upwind Speed regulation Pitch control Aerodynamic brakes Full feathering 3.2 Pitch System 1.6-100 1.7-100 Principle Independent blade pitch control Actuation Individual electric drive 3.3 Yaw System 1.6-100 1.7-100 Yaw rate 0.5 degree/s 3.4 Corrosion Protection Atmospheric corrosion protection (corrosion categories as defined by ISO 12944-2:1998) Standard Enhanced (Option) Internal External Internal External Americas Tower shell C-2 C-3 C-4 C-5M All other components C-2 C-3 C-2 C-3 Europe Tower shell C-2 C-3 C-4 C-5M All other components C-2 C-3 C-2 C-3 GE Energy Technical Description and Data CONFIDENTIAL - Proprietary Information. DO NOT COPY without written consent from General Electric Energy. UNCONTROLLED when printed or transmitted electronically. © 2012 General Electric Energy. All rights reserved 10/10 1.6_1.7-100_xxHz_GD_allComp_ContrDoc.ENxxx.02 4 Operational Limits 1.6-100 1.7-100 Height above sea level Maximum 2500 m. See notes in section maximum standard ambient temperature below. Minimum temperature (standard) operational / survival Standard weather: -15°C / -20°C Cold weather package: -30 °C/ -40 °C Switching on takes place at a hysteresis of 5K (-10°C resp. -25°C) Maximum standard ambient temperature (operation / survival) +40°C / +50°C The turbine has a feature reducing the maximum output, resulting in minimized turbine revolutions once the component temperatures approach predefined thresholds. This feature operates best at higher altitudes, as the heat transfer properties of air diminish with decreasing density. Please note that the units are not de-rated in respect to site conditions. The units’ reactions related to this feature are based solely on sensor temperatures. Wind conditions according to IEC 61400 50 / 60 Hz: (IEC S) Vaverage = 7.5 m/s to 8.5 m/s , TI = 13 % to 16 % @ 15 m/s Maximum extreme gust (10 min) according to IEC 61400 50 / 60 Hz: Standard weather package: 37.5 m/s Cold weather package: 37.5 m/s Maximum extreme gust (3 s) according to IEC 61400 50 / 60 Hz: Standard weather package: 52.5 m/s Cold weather package: 52.5 m/s