HomeMy WebLinkAboutV Cayuga Heights - Time Warner Audit 10-31-12.pdfCOMPUTEL CONSULTANTS
P.O. Box 35 • Earlville, New York 13332 • (800) 724-9859 • Fax (315) 691-4311
October 31, 2012
Via Email & USPS
Ms. Kate Supron
Village of Cayuga Heights
836 Hanshaw Road
Ithaca, New York 14850
Re: Time Warner Cable Audit
Dear Mayor Supron,
As you know, we've been hired by the Village to perform an audit of your cable television
franchise agreement with Time Warner. On July 12, 2012, we sent a letter to Time Warner
Cable, requesting financial information related to franchise fee payments made to the Village of
Cayuga Heights during the past six years. We have received franchise fee payment data
covering the time period from October 2006 through September 2012. We've reviewed the
information from Time Warner and this letter contains a summary of our findings, consistent
with our phone conversation of earlier today.
First, a little background information regarding franchise fees. Under federal law, municipalities
are allowed to charge franchise fees up to a maximum of 5% of gross revenues. However, just as
important as the percentage is how the term "Gross Revenues" is defined. There are two basic
types of revenue that are eligible for inclusion in the calculation of gross revenues — subscriber
revenue and non-subscriber revenue. Subscriber revenue, as the name implies, is made up of
charges that show up on subscribers' monthly bills. Non-subscriber revenue is made up of
income Time Warner makes from the operation of the cable system in the Village that does not
show up on subscriber bills. The two main components of this type of revenue are money made
from the sale of local advertising and fees derived from sales on home shopping networks.
Therefore, the maximum allowable franchise fee would be 5% of all subscriber and non-
subscriber revenue made from the provision of cable television within the Village.
Although there is no requirement to impose any cable franchise fee, federal law and Public
Service Commission (PSC) rules address the minimum requirements if a franchise fee is
imposed. Under PSC rules that covered the Village's current franchise agreement, if a franchise
fee was imposed, it had to apply to at least all regular, recurring monthly charges on subscriber
bills. Federal law also allows, although it does not require, cable companies to pass through
franchise fees to subscribers as a separate line item on their monthly bill. For all intents and
purposes, if a municipality imposes a cable franchise fee, that fee will be passed on to
subscribers as a recurring monthly charge. Also, contrary to what Time Warner would like
everyone to believe, franchise fees are not a tax. In the mid-1990's this exact issue was reviewed
in federal court, with the court stating that franchise fees were just a cost of doing business for
cable companies — rent for access to and use of municipal rights of way. This is important,
because taxes cannot be included in the calculation of gross revenues. Although they could just
as easily have been built into the cable rate structure, cable companies fought for, and won, the
right to make franchise fees a separate line item on the bill.
2
In addition to the Time Warner data, we've reviewed a copy of the Village's franchise
agreement, which was approved by the PSC May 29, 2003 and is scheduled to expire on May 29,
2013. Therefore, the entire period reviewed was governed by the current franchise agreement.
Section 18 of the franchise agreement calls for quarterly payments of 3% of Gross Revenues,
which Section 1(j) of the agreement defines as follows:
"Gross Revenues" means all revenues net of franchise fees and PEG access monies
actually received by and paid to Time Warner Cable by subscribers residing within the
Municipality for Cable Television Service purchased by subscribers on a regular,
recurring monthly basis.
Although this definition seems fairly straightforward, the language actually excludes a
significant portion of allowable revenue, without actually saying it specifically. For instance, use
of the phrase "paid to Time Warner Cable by subscribers" effectively eliminates all non-
subscriber revenue (advertising and home shopping fees) from gross revenues. Likewise, the
phrase "purchased by subscribers on a regular, recurring monthly basis" means that revenue from
installations, late fees, and pay-per-view movies and events is also excluded. Whether the
Village was aware of these revenue exclusions or not, they were allowable under State and
Federal regulations. However, the attempt to exclude franchise fees from gross revenues —
through use of the phrase "net of franchise fees" — was against PSC rules at the time of your
franchise renewal. In fact, the PSC pointed out the error to Time Warner in their Order
Approving Renewal (issued 5/29/03) stating:
First, the definition of "Gross Revenues" in Section 1(j) of the agreement, which
defines gross revenues as "all revenues net of franchise fees," is not consistent with our
rules. Section 595.1(o) of our rules requires that the revenue base not be less than the
revenues received directly from subscribers for any cable services purchased on a
regular, recurring monthly basis. Therefore, our approval will be expressly conditioned
upon striking from the renewal agreement "net of franchise fees" in Section 1(j).
In reviewing franchise fee payment information, it is clear that Time Warner ignored PSC rules
and the PSC Order and excluded franchise fees collected from subscribers each month from the
calculation of gross revenues. This depressed the actual value of gross revenues and resulted in
an underpayment of franchise fees to the Village. Although this error has most likely caused
underpayments all the way back to 2003, the statute of limitations prevents us from recouping
those underpayments beyond the past six years. From October 2006 through September 2012,
we would estimate the underpayment to be $4,602.35 (spreadsheet enclosed). In addition,
Section 18(e) of the franchise agreement calls for Time Warner to pay interest on the underpaid
amount at the rate of 9% per annum, which would add an additional $1,400+ to the amount
owed. Correction of this error will result in increased franchise fee revenues of approximately
$800 annually through the remaining term of your current agreement.
This problem is fairly widespread amongst municipalities with Time Warner Cable franchise
agreements. In fact, dozens of the municipalities we've worked with on this issue were involved
in a complaint process before the PSC. In May of 2006, the PSC ruled in the municipalities'
favor, stating that Time Warner did owe money for past underpayment of franchise fees in
circumstances exactly like this.
3
I also want to point out that since these underpaid amounts would have been passed through to
subscribers had franchise fees been handled properly in the first place, you should be aware that
Time Warner's response will be to exercise their right to pass through the underpaid franchise
fee amounts they now pay the Village as a result of any claim that is filed. Given that the
Village had 737 subscribers (as of 9/12) we would estimate the impact of the temporary pass
through to be about 52 cents a month over a period of one year. Although they could simply
apologize and waive the pass through, Time Warner's strategy has been to use the pass through
as a way to discourage municipalities from enforcing their agreements and demanding that the
proper amounts be paid.
At this point it isn't really a matter of whether the Village wants franchise fees passed through to
subscribers, once a franchise fee is included in your franchise agreement that is inevitable.
However, given that the error was caused by Time Warner, you'd obviously prefer that none of
these amounts be passed through at this time — a sentiment that we will make clear to Time
Warner when filing the claim.
Our review has also identified another issue that I want to bring to your attention. Section 18(d)
of your agreement specifies that Time Warner will pay a late payment charge of 1.5% on any
franchise fee payment that is not made on or before 60 days after the end of each quarter.
According to Time Warner documentation, the 2' Quarter 2009 franchise fee payment, which
was due on or before August 29, 2009, was not issued until September 2, 2009 and the 1st
Quarter 2011 franchise fee payment, which was due on or before May 30, 2011, was not issued
until August 23, 2011. The late payment charges should have been $195.08 and we'll request
that Time Warner make that payment or provide proof of prior payment.
I want to make clear that this enforcement action will not raise the franchise fee, it will simply
require its accurate payment under the terms of your current franchise agreement as it was
approved by the PSC. Likewise it will have no impact on cable rates, which are set through an
entirely different process. Finally, we would advise that you consult with your municipal
attorney to determine whether you even have the option of not collecting money that is
contractually owed the Village.
With your approval, the next step in the process would be for us to file a claim with Time
Warner to recover the underpaid franchise fees and penalties. Please contact me with any
questions. I'll wait to hear from you before taking any further action.
Sincerely,
ichael T. Caton
Partner
Spreadsheet Enclosed
Village Of Cayuga Heights Underpaid Franchise Fees
1) Underpayment due to exclusion of franchise fees from gross revenues in violation of
PSC Order Approving Renewal.
Month Interest
Fran Fee
Payment
3%
Underpay Interest
Running
Total
Cumulative Revenue
Interest Quarter
January-07 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
February-07 9.00%$5,812.34 $174.37 $1.31 $175.68 $1.31 4th Q 2006 March-07 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $1.32 $177.00 $2.63
April-07 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $1.33 $178.32 $3.95
May-07 9.00%$5,871.96 $176.16 $2.66 $357.14 $6.61 1st Q 2007 June-07 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $2.68 $359.82 $9.29
July-07 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $2.70 $362.52 $11.99
August-07 9.00%$6,051.35 $181.54 $4.08 $548.14 $16.07 2nd Q 2007
September-07 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $4.11 $552.25 $20.18
October-07 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $4.14 $556.39 $24.32
November-07 9.00%$5,929.56 $177.89 $5.51 $739.79 $29.83 3rd Q 2007
December-07 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $5.55 $745.33 $35.38
January-08 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $5.59 $750.92 $40.97
February-08 9.00%$6,170.98 $185.13 $7.02 $943.07 $47.99 4th Q 2007
March-08 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $7.07 $950.15 $55.06
April-08 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $7.13 $957.27 $62.19
May-08 9.00%$6,137.53 $184.13 $8.56 $1,149.96 $70.75 1st Q 2008
June-08 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $8.62 $1,158.58 $79.37
July-08 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $8.69 $1,167.27 $88.06
August-08 9.00%$6,322.34 $189.67 $10.18 $1,367.12 $98.24 2nd Q 2008
September-08 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $10.25 $1,377.37 $108.49
October-08 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $10.33 $1,387.70 $118.82
November-08 9.00%$6,147.95 $184.44 $11.79 $1,583.93 $130.61 3rd Q 2008
December-08 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $11.88 $1,595.81 $142.49
January-09 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $11.97 $1,607.78 $154.46
February-09 9.00%$6,256.81 $187.70 $13.47 $1,808.95 $167.93 4th Q 2008
March-09 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $13.57 $1,822.52 $181.49
April-09 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $13.67 $1,836.19 $195.16
May-09 9.00%$6,154.83 $184.64 $15.16 $2,035.99 $210.32 1st Q 2009
June-09 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $15.27 $2,051.26 $225.59
July-09 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $15.38 $2,066.64 $240.97
August-09 9.00%$6,393.84 $191.82 $16.94 $2,275.40 $257.91 2nd Q 2009
September-09 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $17.07 $2,292.46 $274.98
October-09 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $17.19 $2,309.66 $292.17
November-09 9.00%$6,311.73 $189.35 $18.74 $2,517.75 $310.91 3rd Q 2009
December-09 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $18.88 $2,536.63 $329.80
January-10 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $19.02 $2,555.66 $348.82
February-10 9.00%$6,436.36 $193.09 $20.62 $2,769.37 $369.44 4th Q 2009
March-10 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $20.77 $2,790.14 $390.21
April-10 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $20.93 $2,811.06 $411.13
May-10 9.00%$6,574.52 $197.24 $22.56 $3,030.86 $433.70 1st Q 2010
June-10 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $22.73 $3,053.59 $456.43
July-10 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $22.90 $3,076.49 $479.33
August-10 9.00%$6,825.07 $204.75 $24.61 $3,305.85 $503.94 2nd Q 2010
September-10 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $24.79 $3,330.65 $528.73
October-10 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $24.98 $3,355.63 $553.71
November-10 9.00%$6,641.18 $199.24 $26.66 $3,581.52 $580.37 3rd Q 2010
December-10 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $26.86 $3,608.39 $607.24
Month Interest
Fran Fee
Payment
3%
Underpay
Running Cumulative Revenue
Interest Total Interest Quarter
January-11 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $27.06 $3,635.45 $634.30
February-11 9.00%$6,599.22 $197.98 $28.75 $3,862.18 $663.05 4th Q 2010
March-11 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $28.97 $3,891.14 $692.02
April-11 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $29.18 $3,920.33 $721.20
May-11 9.00%$6,611.54 $198.35 $30.89 $4,149.56 $752.09 1st Q 2011
June-11 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $31.12 $4,180.68 $783.21
July-11 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $31.36 $4,212.04 $814.57
August-11 9.00%$6,665.79 $199.97 $33.09 $4,445.10 $847.66 2nd Q 2011
September-11 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $33.34 $4,478.44 $880.99
October-11 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $33.59 $4,512.03 $914.58
November-11 9.00%$6,564.28 $196.93 $35.32 $4,744.28 $949.90 3rd Q 2011
December-11 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $35.58 $4,779.86 $985.48
January-12 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $35.85 $4,815.71 $1,021.33
February-12 9.00%$6,693.73 $200.81 $37.62 $5,054.14 $1,058.95 4th Q 2011
March-12 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $37.91 $5,092.05 $1,096.86
April-12 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $38.19 $5,130.24 $1,135.05
May-12 9.00%$6,720.74 $201.62 $39.99 $5,371.85 $1,175.04 1st Q 2012
June-12 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $40.29 $5,412.14 $1,215.33
July-12 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $40.59 $5,452.73 $1,255.92
August-12 9.00%$6,771.02 $203.13 $42.42 $5,698.28 $1,298.34 2nd Q 2012
September-12 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $42.74 $5,741.02 $1,341.08
October-12 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $43.06 $5,784.07 $1,384.13
November-12 9.00%$6,747.01 $202.41 $44.90 $6,031.38 $1,429.03 3rd Q 2012
December-12 9.00%$0.00 $0.00 $45.24 $6,076.62 $1,474.27
Totals:$4,602.35 Underpaid Franchise Fees 10/06 to present
$1,474.27 Interest
$6,076.62 Total Owed
Twelve Month Pass Through to Subscribers:
737 subs (as of 9/12)
$0.52 per month
2) Late Payment Charges
Section 18(d) of the franchise agreement specifies a 1.5% late payment charge for all franchise fee payments
that are not made on or before the due date of 60 days from the end of each calendar quarter.
Revenue Payment Payment Late
Quarter Amount Issued Charge
2nd Q 2009 $6,393.84 9/2/2009 $95.91
1st Q 2011 $6,611.54 8/23/2011 $99.17
$195.08 Late Charges
Future Impact:
Correction of this error will increase future annual franchise fee revenue by $800+.